胶体晶体模板法制备三维有序排列的大孔SiO2材料

将粒径为480 nm的聚苯乙烯微球离心组装为胶体晶体模板,以正硅酸乙酯为硅源配制SiO₂溶胶并填充到模板间隙,原位形成凝胶,最后通过焙烧去除模板,得到三维有序大孔（3DOM）SiO₂。通过SEM检测,大孔以六方有序的方式排列,其孔径及孔径收缩率分别为360 nm和25％。大孔之间由小窗口连通,构成内部三维交联的大孔网络。低温N₂吸附测试表明,大孔孔壁上存在中孔孔隙,其中在3～4 nm有一集中的孔分布。XRD显示,制备的3DOM材料由无定形SiO₂组成。     

光纤传像器件参数测试方法研究

提出了一种基于采用CCD相机的单积分球光纤传像器件透过率的测试方法,分析了透过率的测量原理,通过实验检验了这一方案的可行性.与用光电探测器的双积分球测试方法相比,这种方法具有结构简单、测试速度快等特点,它还可实现包括局域透过率、中心-边缘透过率相对误差、桶/枕形失真等的多参数测量.     

被含均匀度及其仿真

均匀度是一个有限点集在一个多面体内分布均匀性的描述,已经证明被含均匀度CL渐近服从x2(2m)/2Vn(1)m分布,且有E(CL)=Г(n/2 1)/πn/2,用地理信息系统开发语言Avanue对均匀度和被含均匀度进行了摸拟,为均匀度的收敛性证明打下了基础.     

Hollow tremella-like graphene sphere/SnO2 composite for high performance Li-ion battery anodes

A hollow tremella-like graphene sphere/tin dioxide (HTGS/SnO₂) composite was successfully prepared by simple emulsification and impregnation followed by calcination. In this material, tin dioxide adheres to the folds on the surface of the hollow tremella-like graphene spheres. Hollow tremella-like graphene spheres as the matrix of SnO₂ not only provide a space of volumetric expansion for the tin oxide particles, relieve the internal stress of the tin dioxide, but also effectively avoid aggregation of the tin dioxide and increase the electrical conductivity. As an anode electrode material for batteries, the initial discharge/charge capacities of HTGS/SnO₂ are 1762.4 mAh g^-1 and 1169.4 mAh g^-1, and the Coulomb efficiency is 96.9%. After 50 cycles, capacity remains 80.4% of reversible capacity. The excellent electrochemical stability is attributed to the extraordinary structure of HTGS/SnO₂. The hollow structure of graphene sphere allows simultaneous insertion of lithium ions from the inner and outer surfaces. Meanwhile, the tin dioxide particles are uniformly dispersed by the wrinkles on the surface of the graphene, thereby enlarging the space for the volume expansion of tin dioxide in order to avoid contact with the electrolyte.     

组合壳边缘应力弹性分析

研究了不同构造形式组合壳边缘应力的弹性分布规律，通过组合壳模型内压试验，建立组合壳弹性计算方法．     

空间球体建筑变形检测新方法

使用高精度全站仪检测了上海某球体结构的变形情况,并运用自由设站采集均匀分布在球体上的点位坐标,通过坐标转换将球体点坐标统一到一个坐标系;同时根据空间向量球的中垂面性质,采用一种新的空间球体拟合方法,对球体点坐标进行处理,以解算出球心坐标、半径,进而反算出球体变形情况。     

水处理污泥陶粒的制备及其对重金属的固定

以湿态水处理污泥作为主要原料,混合粉煤灰和集料尾泥制备了陶粒,陶粒烧成过程模拟了回转窑工况条件。结果表明:当污泥掺入量较高时,污泥中有机成分的高温分解使陶粒坯体有较强的烧胀作用。当陶粒坯体中污泥质量含量为50%、粉煤灰和集料尾泥分别为25%时,1040℃短时烧结后的陶粒样品具有较为理想的轻集料性能,其堆积密度为760 kg/m3,筒压强度为5.2 MPa。浸出实验表明:随着污泥掺量的增加,从陶粒中浸出重金属离子量的增加幅度较小。这说明陶粒结构对污泥中的重金属有较强的稳定和固定作用,污泥陶粒的使用不会对环境造成二次污染。     

一种新的支持向量机多类分类二叉树生成算法

首先讨论了基于二叉树的支持向量机多类分类算法,指出了二叉树结构的重要性,分析了当前几种二叉树生成算法。在此基础上,提出了一种新的二叉树生成算法,该算法克服了现有算法的一些缺陷,理论上更为合理,应用上具有较好的推广性能和抗干扰能力,从而可作为一种有效的二叉树生成算法得以应用。     

AAO模板为基底CVD法合成孔径可控的碳微球

1000℃下两段炉中裂解乙炔,第一段炉中不放催化剂,第二段炉中放入孔径约为50nm的AAO模板并将炉温设定为700℃,反应时间为10min。产物通过扫描电子显微镜和高分辨透射电子显微镜进行了表征。结果表明:AAO模板表面沉积了很多直径约为50nm的碳微球,碳微球的结构为断断续续的石墨片层组成的波纹状结构,石墨片层的层间距约为0.3~0.35nm。     

Orientation of the fiber suspending in the flow through a tube containing a sphere

Fiber suspensions flow through a tube containing a sphere in the dilute and concentrated regimes is simulated numerically with the Lattice Boltzmann Method (LBM). The numerical results of fiber orientation distribution based on a statistical scheme are obtained and agree qualitatively with the experimental ones for the flow through a parallel plate channel containing a cylinder. The results show that the sphere in the tube results in a change in the fiber orientation distribution downstream of the sphere along the flow and transverse directions. The influences of the sphere on the fiber orientation distribution are more significant for the concentrated suspensions than for the dilute one. The effect of the initial fiber orientations on the fiber orientation distribution is significant upstream of the sphere but small downstream of the sphere.