Effect of forced cooling on weld appearance and microhardness of electron beam welded QCr0.8 alloy

Electron beam welding of QCr0.8 chromium bronze was investigated to improve weld appearance and reduce the size of softened zone of the joints. Effect of forced cooling on weld appearance and microhardness of the joints was studied by both experiment and numerical simulation. Both welding with and without forced cooling were conducted and analyzed comparatively. The results showed that a quasi steady state temperature field and a large temperature gradient perpendicular to welding direction could achieved by forced cooling. A consistent weld width throughout the entire weld and smooth surface for both the top and bottom was achieved by forced cooling process. The width of softened zone of the joint was reduced from 2.6 mm to 1 mm by forced cooling.     

激光热丝焊表面修复成形质量分析和控制

激光热丝焊可精确控制热输入和高效熔覆金属,适合用于表面修复,但缺乏对激光热丝多道修复成形质量的研究. 基于响应曲面法(RSM)设计了激光热丝多道修复试验,选取激光功率、扫描速度、送丝速度和搭接率作为变化因子,成形系数、稀释率和未熔合缺陷比率作为响应. 结果表明,成形系数、稀释率和未熔合缺陷比率与工艺参数呈二次关系,适当降低送丝速度,提高激光功率、扫描速度和搭接率,有利于获得无未熔合缺陷、稀释率小且表面平整的多道熔覆层. 利用重叠等高线图,根据指定的质量要求进行多响应约束,可以预测相应的工艺参数窗口,达到控制激光热丝焊多道修复成形质量的目的.     

搅拌摩擦焊和熔化极气体保护焊6082铝合金疲劳性能分析

对10 mm厚6082-T6铝合金进行搅拌摩擦焊(FSW)和熔化极气体保护焊(MIG焊)焊接,利用疲劳性能试验机、光学显微镜、扫描电子显微镜等手段对6082铝合金FSW和MIG焊接头的疲劳力学性能、微观组织、裂纹扩展特征、疲劳断口进行了分析. 结果表明,在疲劳寿命为2×106周次时,6082铝合金母材及其FSW和MIG焊接头的名义应力分别为126.3,110.2,84.2 MPa;在高应力水平下(Δσ=160 MPa),FSW接头疲劳寿命明显大于MIG焊接头、与母材的疲劳寿命相当. MIG焊疲劳断口均位于焊趾处,焊缝内的气孔缺陷为其主要裂纹源;FSW疲劳断口大多发生在轴肩边缘. 接头的微观断口具有准解理特征,断口中存在疲劳条纹和韧窝.     

3D FEM analysis of welding residual stress and deformation of aero-engine blisk

Aero-engine blisk welded by electron beam welding(EBW) method is a complicated structure. Fixtures were used to control the deformation of blisk during its manufacturing process. Finite element method was utilized to study the evolution of the welding residual stress and deformation of this structure. In which an attenuation function was applied to the double ellipsoid heat source model based on the characteristic of EBW, and the effects of fixtures on the welding residual stresses and deforamtion were also reserached. The simulation results showed that the temperature contour of weld cross section vertical to the weld centerline followed a “V” shape. Moreover, large welding residual stress and distortion were found in the interface between blisk and fixtures. The stress concentration was reduced sufficiently in starting and end part of weldment as the fixtures were removed after welding process, while the removing operation had almost no effects on the welding residual stress in the middle section of weld bead.     

Effects of use of higher strength interlayer and external cooling on properties of friction stir welded AA6061-T6 joints

Although sound AA6061-T6 joints can be produced by friction stir welding, a loss in strength takes place in the weld region. In this study, it was demonstrated that the strength of the nugget could be increased by the use of a higher strength interlayer during friction stir welding. This strength recovery cannot, however, be attainable in the heat affected zone. Although an external cooling was applied during welding in order to increase strength in the heat affected zone, it was not sufficient for achieving the required cooling condition for improved strength.     

Sr、Mg及热处理对Al-Si铝合金焊丝堆焊层耐磨性的影响

为了提高4043铝合金焊丝堆焊层的耐磨性,在传统4043铝合金焊丝成分基础上,添加Mg与变质剂Sr,对Al-Si-Mg-Sr合金焊丝焊后堆焊层进行热处理,研究了Mg、Sr以及热处理工艺对焊丝焊后堆焊层耐磨性的影响。结果表明,在4043铝合金焊丝中添加变质剂Sr可以改变堆焊层组织中共晶硅颗粒的形态;Mg可以为堆焊组织增加强化相Mg2Si;合理的热处理工艺可以球化共晶硅颗粒,增强共晶硅颗粒与基体的结合能力;三者的共同作用可以显著提高焊丝堆焊层的耐磨性。     

无匙孔搅拌摩擦点焊组织及剥离性能研究

针对2 mm的6082-T6铝合金薄板以搭接的方式进行无匙孔搅拌摩擦点焊,研究了工艺参数对剥离性能的影响规律,观察分析接头的金相组织和断口,并对接头进行了显微硬度的测试。通过正交工艺试验来确定无匙孔搅拌摩擦点焊十字搭接接头的最优工艺参数,研究结果表明:焊接接头的横截面宏观形貌呈瓢状,从焊接接头中心到母材,其金相显微组织可分为搅拌区、轴肩区和母材区;点焊接头的抗剥离载荷在最优工艺参数下可达5.24 kN;断口的断裂形式为韧性断裂。     

机床用铝合金/不锈钢的异质搅拌摩擦焊工艺

采用不同工艺参数下的搅拌摩擦焊对接焊方法,进行了机床用6063铝合金/304L不锈钢的异质焊接试验,并进行了接头的X光无损检测以及显微组织和力学性能测试。结果表明,搅拌头旋转速度500~650 r/min、焊接速度155~185 mm/min时可获得良好的焊接接头;接头抗拉强度可达139 MPa,达到6063铝合金母材抗拉强度的67%,达到304L不锈钢母材抗拉强度的17%。搅拌头旋转速度优选550 r/min、焊接速度优选180 mm/min。     

Particles migration behavior during laser keyhole welding of ZLIO1/TiB2 composites

Particle redistribution occurred with the flow of pool fluid in laser welding aluminum composites. In order to investigate particle migration behavior, a numerical model was established on laser welding of ZL101-TiB2 composite. TiB2 migration coupling with fluid was realized. The volume-of-fluid (VOF) method was employed to track free fluid surfaces. The travel heat source was realized utilizing the workpiece motion in place of heat source motion, which made the heat load stable. Melting and evaporation enthalpy, recoil force, surface tension and buoyancy were considered in this model. Through the calculation it showed that the simulated weld cross section shape and particle distribution were in good agreement with experimental results.     

高速动车组铝合金车体结构设计

根据高速动车组铝合金车体设计概念的要求,利用头车的空气动力学外形,以动车组动态包络线为约束条件,进行车体断面设计和整车的三维设计,铝合金车体焊接结构的设计符合EN 15085焊接标准,按照标准要求选择车体的母材、焊接材料和设计车体的焊接接头型式.通过对车体的静强度计算和试验数据的分析,验证了头车试验车体的强度符合欧洲标准EN12663,能够满足产品的安全可靠性需求.