微型碳纳米管NH3气体检测系统

基于制备得到的微型碳纳米管NH3传感器,研制了一种便携式气体浓度检测系统。此系统由恒流源驱动,通过微控制单元实现自动检测。为了便于安装、维修与调试,该系统所有电路均采用模块化设计,检测系统可以比较精确地测量25 kΩ以内电阻的变化,可以精确检测5×10－6～50×10－6范围内NH3气体浓度。     

固定双桨驱动的无人水面艇自主直线路径跟踪系统

针对直流电机驱动固定双桨的无人水面艇,介绍了一种自主直线路径跟踪系统,该系统由岸基监控系统和艇载控制系统组成,具有自主航行和遥控航行两种工作模式,可在自主航行出现危险时切换到遥控模式,保证航行安全。岸基监控系统通过数传电台与艇载控制系统通信,向艇载控制系统发送控制命令,接收并显示其传回的状态信息;艇载控制系统以工控机为主控单元,进行数据采集与解算,与岸基监控系统通信,并为直线路径跟踪控制算法提供程序接口;GPS双天线高精度测向定位系统为直线路径跟踪控制算法提供位置和航向信息,直线路径跟踪控制算法根据距离偏差和航向偏差计算出左右两侧电机电压,进而控制无人水面艇航行。实验分别采用了PID、模糊控制和模糊PID三种控制方法,系统实际水上实验表明,在风力2~3级,晴到多云天气条件下,无人水面艇对目标路径的最大跟踪误差小于0.6 m。     

Analysis of General Ideal Proportional Navigation Guidance Laws

In this work, the capture region of the general ideal proportional navigation guidance law is analyzed with the following constraints: (i) the target's input acceleration is subject to independent or magnitude saturation, and (ii) the missile's input acceleration is subject to magnitude saturation. In addition to the case of unbounded maneuverability of missile with or without knowing the target acceleration, the necessary and sufficient condition for a bounded maneuvering missile that captures a nonmaneuvering target is also derived. Furthermore, the conditions that result in zero impact velocity are discovered and discussed in some of the cases. The capture regions that cannot be obtained analytically are determined numerically by a powerful classifier, the least square support vector machines. To have the capture region ready for least square support vector machines, all the state variables are transformed into modified polar variables and non‐dimensionalized to reduce the number of independent variables. In order to make the implementation possible in real time, an approximation of the Gaussian radial basis function is adopted to obtain the corresponding nonlinear feature mapping function. Through numerous numerical experiments, the proposed technique is found to be adequate for storing the capture region in an onboard fire control computer.     

基于.NET技术动态导航菜单的设计与实现

通过树型菜单,用户可以对资源的结构、类型有直观的了解,但目前很多B/S系统的菜单还是通过代码生成的。为此,基于.NET技术,通过开源项目Peta Poco实现代码,设计并实现了动态导航菜单系统;介绍了数据库设计、算法思想。该技术避免了静态目录树下因数据源经常性改变而频繁修改程序代码的弊端,导航菜单通过数据库进行控制,提高了系统的安全性,使管理变得更加灵活、高效。     

中国水电工程技术创新实践与新挑战

近十余年来,中国的水电工程建设发展迅猛,建设了以三峡工程为代表的多座高坝大库,水电工程技术也取得了一系列重大突破。结合众多工程实践,阐述了我国水电工程在坝工技术、电站、通航建筑物等方面的创新成就。根据我国水电发展的现状,分析了我国水电工程建设面临的新挑战,并从工程安全、技术、环保、移民等方面提出了未来的水电科技创新方向。     

Designing multimodal tracks for mobile users in unfamiliar urban environments

While there have been many studies of navigation design guidelines for integrating maps in mobile devices, we argue that the research focus should turn more towards the design of multimodal navigation aids, which would reflect the impact of typical human wayfinding behaviour. Therefore, we suggest an interdisciplinary design approach, i.e. building on urban design practice that focuses on supporting the navigation of pedestrians in urban areas. The design implications are explored in this study with the subjects being pedestrians accomplishing wayfinding tasks in an unfamiliar, urban area. The main areas that this paper contributes to are: investigating the design implications of multimodal navigation aids; evaluating these in the context of mobile wayfinding tasks; and reflecting the results according to the user's wayfinding strategies and spatial anxiety. It is concluded that through designing multimodal tracks into mobile navigation applications we can help users to find their way in unfamiliar, urban environments.     

轴对称条件下水泥土强度特性试验研究

通过水泥土等p三轴剪切试验、常规三轴固结排水剪切试验(CD)与三轴固结不排水剪切试验(CU),对水泥土力学特性进行研究,讨论水泥土的应力～应变曲线变化特点和强度特性。试验结果表明:水泥土的应力～应变曲线为软化型,软化程度与围压有关;不同应力路径对水泥土强度有一定的影响,但影响程度较弱;小围压作用下水泥土具有剪胀性,类似强超固结土;高围压下,水泥土类似弱超固结土;残余强度均随围压的增加呈线性增大,CD试验残余强度高于CU试验,残余强度与峰值强度的比值随围压的增大而增大,增大速率逐渐减小;水泥土CU试验的有效强度包线与CD试样强度包线基本一致。     

三峡水库航运流量补偿调度效益

三峡水库在枯水季节(简称“枯季”)为下游航运实施流量补偿调度是三峡工程主要设计任务之一。依据初步设计,三峡水库自2006年汛末进入初期运行期以来,开始承担大坝下游航运流量补偿任务,实际运行过程中,根据上游来水情况,充分利用水库调节库容实施航运流量补偿调度。本文对三峡水库蓄水发电以来枯季航运补偿运用进行了分析总结,提出了今后枯季水库运用中应注意的问题。     

资水梯级电站施工期闸孔通航方式工程实践

有通航要求的水利水电工程施工期通航问题,是施工导流设计和工程实施期间需要妥善解决的问题之一。以资水柘溪电站以下河段修建的修山水电站、东坪水电站和株溪口水电站工程为例,介绍了施工期利用工程既有的闸孔通航并取得较好技术经济效果的实际做法。工程实践表明,利用闸孔通航,技术上是可行的,并具有导流程序简单、施工期通航工程措施费用低、电站发电时间可提前等优点,经济效益显著。其工程经验可在类似工程中推广应用。     

地磁辅助惯性组合导航技术分析

从地磁导航的特点出发,指出了地磁／惯性组合导航在未来发展中的优势,并对实现该种组合导航需要的技术手段做了全面的分析,包括：信息融合策略、高精度地磁场模型的构建方式以及滤波算法的设计。同时,阐述了其中的改进方向,为进一步提高该种组合导航性能提供思路。