一种基于特征点匹配的图像拼接方法研究

针对图像间因具有旋转及光线强度差异等现象而导致的拼接效果不佳及拼接速度慢的问题,提出一种基于特征点的配准算法;在特征点提取阶段,尺度不变的特征变换方法 (SIFT)具有对图像尺度缩放、旋转、放射变换以及亮度变化保持不变的优点,文章采用了改进的SIFT特征点提取算法;在特征点匹配阶段,采用改进的RANSAC算法对特征点匹配对提纯;最后用加权平均法实现拼接图像的融合;实验证明,该算法有效提高了图像拼接的效率和准确性,拼接精度可以达到亚像素级。     

Entropy/cross entropy-based group decision making under intuitionistic fuzzy environment

We study the group decision making problem under intuitionistic fuzzy environment. Based on entropy and cross entropy, we give two methods to determine the optimal weights of attributes, and develop two pairs of entropy and cross entropy measures for intuitionistic fuzzy values. Then, we discuss the properties of these measures and the relations between them and the existing ones. Furthermore, we introduce three new aggregation operators, which treat the membership and non-membership information fairly, to aggregate intuitionistic fuzzy information. Finally, several practical examples are presented to illustrate the developed methods.     

基于数据挖掘的复杂装备维修辅助决策研究

文章通过某装备维修信息框架分析,维修数据预处理,然后以维修记录为例,挖掘出了维修件之间关联规则,并采用决策树分类方法对维修件进行了分类,这些规则和分类结果可以为维修计划制定、器材采购、视情维修等方面提供决策依据。     

非部分嵌套信息结构的LQG动态队决策问题的可解性（II）*

本文讨论非嵌套信息结构的递阶队决策问题和控制均享信息结构的LQG分散控制问题,文中首先证明这两类问题的信息结构都是“部分控制嵌入”的,进而给出最优策略(或控制)存在的充要条件和当此条件成立时最优策略(或控制)的表达式。     

Commercial objectives,technology transfer,and systems analysis for fusion power development

Fusion is an essentially inexhaustible source of energy that has the potential for economically attractive commercial applications with excellent safety and environmental characteristics. The primary focus for the fusion-energy development program is the generation of centralstation electricity. Fusion has the potential, however, for many other applications. The fact that a large fraction of the energy released in a DT fusion reaction is carried by high-energy neutrons suggests potentially unique applications. These include breeding of fissile fuels, production of hydrogen and other chemical products, transmutation or burning of various nuclear or chemical wastes, radiation processing of materials, production of radioisotopes, food preservation, medical diagnosis and medical treatment, and space power and space propulsion. In addition, fusion R&D will lead to new products and new markets.Each fusion application must meet certain standards of economic and safety and environmental attractiveness. For this reason, economics on the one hand, and safety and environment and licensing on the other hand, are the two primary criteria for setting long-range commercial fusion objectives. A major function of systems analysis is to evaluate the potential of fusion against these objectives and to help guide the fusion R&D program toward practical applications. The transfer of fusion technology and skills from the national laboratories and universities to industry is the key to achieving the long-range objective of commercial fusion applications.     

航迹融合算法在多传感器融合中的应用

研究寻的制导优化控制问题,针对传统单一传感器导引不能满足性能要求,提出采用多传感器复合制导.航迹融合是多传感器数据融合中一个非常重要的方面.由于公共过程噪声的原因,使在应用状态估计融合系统中,来自不同传感器的航迹估计误差未必有独立性,为了使航迹与航迹关联和融合,提出自适应航迹和协方差加权航迹融合的算法.通过仿真研究说明自适应航迹融合和协方差加权航迹融合的算法对多传感器数据融合技术有很明显的作用,数据融合效果好,为复合寻的制导优化设计提供了依据.     

Advantages of high-field tokamaks for fusion reactor development

High-field designs could reduce the cost and complexity of tokamak reactors. Moreover, the certainty of achieving required plasma performance could be increased. Strong Ohmic heating could eliminate or significantly decrease auxiliary heating power requirements and high values of n_E could be obtained in modest-size plasmas. Other potential advantages are reactor operation at modest values of , capability of higher power density and wall loading, and possibility of operation with advanced fuel mixtures. Present experimental results and basic scaling relations imply that the parameterB ²a, where B is the magnetic field and a is the minor radius, may be of special importance. A superhigh-field compact ignition experiment with very high values ofB ²a (e.g.,B ²a=150 T² m) has the potential of Ohmically heating to ignition. This short-pulse device would use inertially cooled copper plate magnets. Compact engineering test reactor and/or experimental hybrid reactor designs would use steady-state, water-cooled copper magnets and provide long-pulse operation. Design concepts are also described for demonstration/commercial reactors. These devices could use high-field superconducting magnets with 7–10 T at the plasma axis.     

The need and prospects for improved fusion reactors

Conceptual fusion reactor studies over the past 10–15 yr have projected systems that may be too large, complex, and costly to be of commercial interest. One main direction for improved fusion reactors points toward smaller, higher-power-density approaches. First-order economic issues (i.e., unit direct cost and cost of electricity) are used to support the need for more compact fusion reactors. The results of a number of recent conceptual designs of reversed-field pinch, spheromak, and tokamak fusion reactors are summarized as examples of more compact approaches. While a focus has been placed on increasing the fusion-power-core mass power density beyond the minimum economic threshold of 100–200 kWe/tonne, other means by which the overall attractiveness of fusion as a long-term energy source are also addressed.Nomenclature a Plasma minor radius at outboard equatorial plane (m) - A Plasma aspect ratioR _T /a - AC Annual charges ($/yr) - b Plasma minor radius in vertical direction (m) - B Magentic field at plasma or blanket (T) - B _c Magnetic field at the coil (T) - B Toroidal magnetic field (T) - B Poloidal magnetic field (T) - BOP Balance of plant - C Coil - COE Cost of electricity (mills/kWeh) - CRFPR Compact RFP reactor - CT Compact torus (FRC or spheromak) - c _FPC Unit cost of fusion power core ($/kg) - DC Direct cost ($) - DZP Dense Z-pinch - E Escalation rate (1/yr) - EDC Escalation during construction ($) - ET Elongated tokamak - F Annual fuel charges ($/yr) - FC Component of UDC not strongly dependent or FPC size ($/kWe) - FW First wall - FPC Fusion power core - f _Aux Fraction of gross electric power recirculated to BOP - f ₁ (IC+IDC+EDC)/DC - f ₂ (O&M + SCR + F)/AC - IC Indirect cost ($) - IDC Interest during construction ($) - I _w Neutron first-wall loading (MW/m²) - i Toroidal plasma current (MA) - j Plasma current density, I/a² - k _B Boltzmann constant, 1.602(10)^–16 (J/keV) - LWR Light-water (fission) reactor - MPD Mass power density 1000P_E/M_FPC (kWe/tonne) - M _N Blanket energy multiplication of 14.1-MeV neutron energy - M _FPC Mass of fusion power core (tonne) - n Plasma density (m^–3) or toroidal MHD mode number - O&M Annual operating and maintenance cost ($/yr) - p _f Plant availability factor - PFD Poloidal field dominated (CTs, RFP, DZP) - P Construction time (yr) - P_TH Thermal power (MWt) - P _E Net electric power (1-)P _ET (MWe) - P_ET Total gross electric power (MWe) - p_f Fusion power (MW) - q Tokamak safety factor (B /B _gq )(a/R _T ) - q _e EngineeringQ value, 1/e - R _T Major toroidal radius (m) - RFP Reversed-field pinch - RPE Reactor plant equipment (Account 22) - S Shield - SCR Annual spare component cost ($/yr) - SSR Second stability region for the tokamak - S/T/H Stellarator/torsatron/heliotron - ST Spherical tokamak or spherical torus - T Plasma temperature (keV) - TDC Total direct cost ($) - TOC Total overnight cost ($) - UDC Unit direct cost,TDC/10 ³ P _E ($/kWe) - V _p Plasma volume (m³) - W _p Plasma energy (GJ) - W _B Magnetic field energy (GJ) - Magnetic utilization efficiency, 2nk_BT/(B ²/2₀) - ₀ Permeability of free space, 4(10)^–7 H/m - XE Plasma confinement efficiency, a²/4_E - _e Plasma energy confinement time - _p Overall plant efficiency, _TH(1-) - _TH Thermal conversion efficiency - _FPC AverageFPC mass density (tonne/m³) - Plasma vertical elongation factor,b/a - Thickness of allFPC engineering structure surround plasma (m) - Total recirculating power fraction, (P _ET-P _E)/P _ET, or inverse aspect ratioa/R _T This work was performed under the auspices of USDOE, Office of Fusion Energy.     

Adverse impact: Is it a viable concept?

It appears that those federal agencies responsible for enforcement persist in the belief that a given test score can mean one thing in one subgroup and something else in another and/or that inferences from a set of test scores can be valid for one subgroup but not for another. First surfacing in early agency regulations in connection with the now discontinued "differential validity" requirement, the belief still manifests itself in the concepts of "unfairness" and "adverse impact." Furthermore, the determination of the presence or absence of adverse impact on the basis of the impact ratio involves numerous statistical and measurement issues. Use of the impact ratio to establish the prosecutorial posture of an enforcement agency is clearly flawed. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

防止会计信息失真 提高会计信息质量

指出会计信息是决策者进行决策的重要依据之一,因此,会计信息的质量,直接关系到决策者的决策及其后续效果.而会计信息失真,将引起投资决策失误和社会经济资源的无效配置.笔者分析了产生会计信息失真的原因及其影响,提出了一些提高会计信息质量的防范措施.