5A03铝合金管轴向压缩失稳形式及影响因素分析

目的研究管材在承受轴向压缩时的力学行为、失稳形式及其影响因素。方法在航空航天用5A03铝合金管准静态轴向拉伸和压缩实验的基础上,进行了管压缩过程的有限元分析。结果5A03圆管拉伸与压缩力学性能有较大差异,具有拉、压双模量倾向,拉伸屈服强度略低于压缩屈服强度,抗拉强度略低于抗压强度,且拉伸与压缩均呈现锯齿波屈服特性;高径比影响管压缩失稳形式,小于1时管试样形成单鼓,大于1时将出现双鼓,且鼓凸在管材端面摩擦较大一端优先出现。结论管材失稳鼓凸后表现为一种具有一定规律性的非轴对称屈曲压溃。     

Experimental investigation of unconfined spherical and cylindrical flame propagation in hydrogen-air mixtures

This paper presents results of experimental investigations on spherical and cylindrical flame propagation in pre-mixed H₂/air-mixtures in unconfined and semi-confined geometries. The experiments were performed in a facility consisting of two transparent solid walls with 1 m² area and four weak side walls made from thin plastic film. The gap size between the solid walls was varied stepwise from thin layer geometry (6 mm) to cube geometry (1 m). A wide range of H₂/air-mixtures with volumetric hydrogen concentrations from 10% to 45% H₂ was ignited between the transparent solid walls. The propagating flame front and its structure was observed with a large scale high speed shadow system. Results of spherical and cylindrical flame propagation up to a radius of 0.5 m were analyzed. The presented spherical burning velocity model is used to discuss the self-acceleration phenomena in unconfined and unobstructed pre-mixed H₂/air flames.     

Leukotriene A4 Hydrolase and Hepatocyte Growth Factor Are Risk Factors of Sudden Cardiac Death Due to First-Ever Myocardial Infarction

Patients at a high risk for sudden cardiac death (SCD) without previous history of cardiovascular disease remain a challenge to identify. Atherosclerosis and prothrombotic states involve inflammation and non-cardiac tissue damage that may play active roles in SCD development. Therefore, we hypothesized that circulating proteins implicated in inflammation and tissue damage are linked to the future risk of SCD. We conducted a prospective nested case–control study of SCD cases with verified myocardial infarction (N = 224) and matched controls without myocardial infarction (N = 224), aged 60 ± 10 years time and median time to event was 8 years. Protein concentrations (N = 122) were measured using a proximity extension immunoassay. The analyses revealed 14 proteins significantly associated with an increased risk of SCD, from which two remained significant after adjusting for smoking status, systolic blood pressure, BMI, cholesterol, and glucose levels. We identified leukotriene A4 hydrolase (LTA4H, odds ratio 1.80, corrected confidence interval (CI_corr) 1.02–3.17) and hepatocyte growth factor (HGF; odds ratio 1.81, CI_corr 1.06–3.11) as independent risk markers of SCD. Elevated LTA4H may reflect increased systemic and pulmonary neutrophilic inflammatory processes that can contribute to atherosclerotic plaque instability. Increased HGF levels are linked to obesity-related metabolic disturbances that are more prevalent in SCD cases than the controls.     

低高宽比微通道中的流动沸腾不稳定性

以甲醇为工质,在不同进口温度、质量流速、热通量和倾角下对低高宽比矩形微通道中流动沸腾不稳定性进行了研究。在宽广的参数范围内发现存在3类不稳定性：流量漂移静态不稳定性、压力降型脉动动态不稳定性及压力降和密度波复合不稳定性。由于大长径比 （L/D=159.5）实验段本身及实验段上游可压缩容积的存在,导致在水动力曲线负斜率区压力降型脉动的发生。分析了进口温度、倾角、质量流量、热通量等因素对不稳定性的影响,发现压力降型脉动的发生主要取决于质量流量、热通量及进口温度三者的影响,给出了以热力学平衡质量含气率表示的脉动工况界限范围。     

水平和倾斜管内气液分层流界面稳定性

A viscous Kelvin-Helmholtz criterion of the interfacial wave instability is proposed in this paper based on the linear stability analysis of a transient one-dimensional two-fluid model. In thismodel, the pressure is evaluated using the local momentum balance rather than the hydrostatic approximation. The criterion predicts well the stability limit of stratified flow in horizontal and nearly horizontal pipes. The experimental and theoretical investigation on the effect of pipe inclination on the interfacial instability are carded out. It is found that the critical liquid height at the onset of interfacial wave instability is insensitive to the pipe inclination. However, the pipe inclination significantly affects critical superficial liquid velocity and wave velocity especially lor low gas velocities.     

大幅面太阳全光谱辐照系统的设计

大幅面太阳全光谱辐照系统是太阳模拟器的重要组成部分,辐照不均匀度是其关键技术指标之一,在传统全光谱辐照系统中存在着难以达到国家标准、光源光谱匹配性差等技术难题。结合大幅面太阳模拟器的研究现状,设计了一种全光谱辐照系统。利用光学仿真软件Zemax对所设计的全光谱辐照系统辐照均匀性进行仿真,提出了辐照度衰减模式的新概念,并以此为基础对全光谱辐照系统辐照不均匀度进行了优化。光源采用瑞士Solaronix公司生产的Plasma光源,经过测试光谱达到国际电工委员会标准A级,光源谱段内辐照度用光谱辐射计进行测试。结果表明,在辐照度为280 W/m²时,辐照度衰减模式在未启动和启动时辐照不均匀度分别为8.4%和5.7%,参考国家标准GB/T12637—1990太阳模拟器通用规范,在2 400 mm×6 000 mm有效辐照面内其辐照均匀度满足规范C级标准,接近B级标准。     

CPVC的不稳定性分析

选取国内外4种CPVC样品,利用GPC、NMR和酚烷基化等方法分别对CPVC的相对分子质量及分子质量分布、分子链序列结构、不稳定氯原子含量进行测试和分析,在此基础上对CPVC样品的热性能和加工性能进行了评价。     

二氧化碳压缩机润滑油压失稳分析处理

概述年产80万吨尿素装置二氧化碳压缩机试开车情况,重点针对压缩机油压失稳现象,分析确定为油路的油量分配不均和自力式调节阀回油量太大造成,通过对油路改造和机组油压再次在线调节,实现压缩机油压稳定。