安全合规管理及其应用

简要介绍了安全合规管理系统以及在企业信息系统中的应用,作为企业安全基准的保证产品,安全合规产品应当具有比较好的应用。     

Coarse head pose estimation of construction equipment operators to formulate dynamic blind spots

Several hundred workers die in construction in the United States every year because equipment operators are unable to see their fellow workers during operation of their vehicle. In this paper we propose a step towards improving this situation by providing an automated method based on range imaging for estimating the coarse head orientation of a construction equipment operator. This research utilizes commercially-available low resolution range cameras to measure the continuously changing field-of-view (FOV) of an equipment operator in outdoor construction. This paper presents a methodology to measure so-called dynamic blind spot maps. The dynamic blind spot map is then projected on a known static equipment blind spot map that already exists to each construction vehicle. A robust computational coarse head pose estimation algorithm and results to three different pieces of construction equipment and multiple operators are presented. The developed method has the potential in automatically determining the spaces around vehicles that are currently not in the field-of-view of the vehicle operator thus providing eventually additional means and technology for improving safety in construction.     

基于虚拟样机的轮式起重机吊装安全性研究

研究起重机吊装轨迹优化的问题,系统缺少对吊装轨迹安全因素的控制。为确保吊装作业安全顺利,提出采用虚拟样机仿真技术检验起重机吊装过程。首先推导了三自由度起重机的正逆运动学模型及起重机的雅可比矩阵,得到起重机各关节的位置及速度对起重臂末端位置及速度之间的映射关系,运用五次多项式插值函数对起重机的吊装过程做轨迹规划。根据吊装过程规划模型,在ADAMS软件上进行仿真,仿真结果验证了吊装过程的安全性和定位的准确性。     

基于VR技术的防震安全教育软件的设计与实现

本文分析了虚拟现实技术应用于防震安全教育的优势,设计了虚拟场景的开发方案,利用3DS MAX,Virtools等软件工具设计开发出了防震安全教育软件。为了验证虚拟现实技术在防震安全教育中的有效应用,还对该软件作了测试与评价。     

基于建筑施工中的安全管理工作探讨

高层建筑的供水、供电等维修费用是一般建筑的3倍,而且超越消防极限,逃生几率相对小,建筑物越高,发生地震造成的伤亡就越大。权衡利弊,高层建筑的经济意义受到质疑,世界各国对高层建筑持谨慎的态度。因此应该严格履行高层建筑的论证和审批程序,适度控制标志性高层建筑,并对已有的高层建筑进行安全排查。高层建筑对节约城市土地、缩短公用设施和市政管网的开发周期、加快改善人们居住条件等方面都起到了重要作用,但也潜伏着不少危险。文章指出要根据城市发展总体规划,综合考虑人口大量集中对城市供应和交通的影响等因素,协调单体高层建筑及高层建筑群同周围环境、已有建筑、名胜古迹、城市风貌之间的分布关系。     

煤气爆炸极限和安全动火浓度的确定

本文主要通过煤气组分比值的变化,确定其爆炸极限和安全动火浓度值。     

在线化工设备疲劳分析专家系统的研究

运用应力分析、疲劳分析的理论，综合专家学者的知识和经验，针对现代化大型联合企业技术管理的现状，提出了建立在线化工设备及管道安全评定中疲劳分析的专家系统方法，并编制了初级的软件。用简化试验来模拟一条高温高压蒸汽管线的疲劳裂纹扩展，并用之考评本软件。     

Safety-based availability assessment at design stage

The availability of a system or equipment is one of the crucial characteristics that measures the customer satisfaction and strongly influences his final choice decision between concurrent products. The aim of this work is to provide an approach to improve the products availability assessment by taking into account the safety criteria by considering the use situations at design stage. Our work focuses on the routine design of complex products. The availability is often simply estimated considering reliability and maintainability. Basically, the intrinsic availability is the probability that it is operating satisfactorily at any point in time when used under conditions stated by design specifications. The time considered includes operating time and active repair time. Thus, intrinsic availability excludes from consideration all other times in the product lifecycle such as: accident management time, storage time, administrative time or logistic time. But many studies show that the loss of availability performance is also due to accidents that occur in different unforeseeable utilization situations. This engenders stops of the system to ensure the users safety according to standards recommendations. In this purpose, we consider the structural product architecture and the different use cases that correspond to the operational states and downtimes due to stop events that may happen during the utilization like failures, maintenance tasks and accidents. Then, we propose a product behavioral analysis including the use cases to describe interactions between the product and users or maintenance operators. We use Markov chains to model the use cases corresponding to operating time (OT), maintenance time (MT) and preparing time after accidents (RT). Then these three parameters are considered to specify a generic approach to improve the availability assessment. Such an approach provides the traceability of the product behavior along its lifecycle. In this way, the main causes of stop can be identified and this may guide the designer for improving the availability of the product future versions. To validate our approach, an application is presented considering a printing line. The comparison of our simulation considering an industrial case study shows a good agreement about the influence of safety on the availability.     

森林脑炎纯化疫苗和灭活疫苗的接种反应及免疫效果观察

目的　观察森林脑炎纯化疫苗及森林脑炎灭活疫苗的接种反应和免疫效果。方法　两种疫苗分别于接种后 ,观察局部反应和全身反应 ,免疫血清用酶联免疫吸附法 (ELISA)和蚀斑减少试验法检测其中和抗体效价。结果　森林脑炎灭活疫苗局部反应和全身反应的发生率分别为 2 3 0. 8%和 15 . 38% ,人群抗体 2针接种后约 1/3检出阳性 ,3针接种后约 1/ 2检出阳性 ;森林脑炎纯化疫苗无 1例全身反应 ,局部反应为注射部位一过性轻度疼痛 ,发生率为 1 .13% ,2针接种后 85 %人检出阳性 ,免疫剂量 1 0ml组优于 0. 5ml组 ,差异有显著意义。结论　森林脑炎灭活疫苗副反应发生率高 ,免疫效果差 ,森林脑炎纯化疫苗副反应轻微 ,免疫后中和抗体阳转率高。     

A multi-echelon production–inventory system with supply disruption

The article investigates an integrated multi-layer supply chain model consisting of supplier, manufacturer and retailer while supply disruption, machine breakdown, safety stock, maintenance breakdown occur simultaneously. At beginning of the production, manufacturer keeps some raw materials in stock received from second supplier at high price, as safety stock due to supply disruption of first supplier. Corrective maintenance is done immediately to restore its normal stage when machine breakdown occurs. Stock out situations at manufacturer and retailer are considered due to disruption of production for machine breakdown. The integrated expected costs of the chain in centralized (collaborating) and decentralized (Stakelberg approach) system are compared. A numerical example and its sensitivity analysis are provided to test feasibility of the model.