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41.
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Jean-Baptiste Lesourd 《Energy Economics》1985,7(3):138-144
It is shown that, when the mean productivity of some factors, such as energy or materials, is upperly bounded (a condition usually arising in energy production or in the process industries where energy takes part in physico-chemical processes), the production function may not be convex and, under some further conditions, is concave. Consequences of this model on the economics of energy savings are examined, and it is shown that energy savings may be considered at three levels: in the short run, by action on labour factors: in the medium run, by investment and action on labour factors; in the long run, by technological innovation, investment in new technologies and action on labour factors. Empirical findings along these lines are thus confirmed. 相似文献
43.
多陀螺自动化测试系统研究 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
钱小静 《导弹与航天运载技术》1994,(3):46-52
针对动力调谐挠性陀螺大批量生产中存在的性能调试和参数标定工作量大的问题,我们专门研制了一套多陀螺自动化测试系统,该系统主要包括多陀螺真空恒温安装基准体、测控台、计算机程控自动化数据采集和仪器等部分,本文着重介绍该系统的组成原理,设计特点和研制成果。 相似文献
44.
王超英 《电脑与微电子技术》2012,(2):26-28
根据《后期制作》课程的特点,结合学院的课程教学改革项目,对本课程实践教学过程中存在的问题进行剖析,提出实践教学要以工作过程系统化教学理念为指导.阐述从项目课程向工作过程系统化课程发展的主要任务。 相似文献
45.
Process monitoring in additive manufacturing may allow components to be certified cheaply and rapidly and opens the possibility of healing defects, if detected. Here, neural networks (NNs) and convolutional neural networks (CNNs) are trained to detect flaws in layerwise images of a build, using labeled XCT data as a ground truth. Multiple images were recorded after each layer before and after recoating with various lighting conditions. Classifying networks were given a single image or multiple images of various lighting conditions for training and testing. CNNs demonstrated significantly better performance than NNs across all tasks. Furthermore, CNNs demonstrated improved generalizability, i.e., the ability to generalize to more diverse data than either the training or validation data sets. Specifically, CNNs trained on high-resolution layerwise images from one build showed minimal loss in performance when applied to data from an independent build, whereas the performance of the NNs degraded significantly. CNN accuracy was also demonstrated to be a function of flaw size, suggesting that smaller flaws may be produced by mechanisms that do not alter the surface morphology of the build plate. CNNs demonstrated accuracies of 93.5 % on large (>200 μm) flaws when testing and training on components from the same build and accuracies of 87.3 % when testing on a previously unseen build. Finally, evidence linking the formation of large lack-of-fusion defects to the presence of process ejecta is presented. 相似文献
46.
The conventional manufacturing of aircraft components is based on the machining from bulk material and the buy-to-fly ratio is high. This, in combination with the often low machinability of the materials in use, leads to high manufacturing costs. To reduce the production costs for these components, a process chain was developed, which consists of an additive manufacturing process and a machining process. To fully utilize the process chain’s capabilities, an integrated process planning approach is necessary. As a result, the work sequence can be optimized to achieve the economically most suitable sequence. In this paper, a method for a joint manufacturing cost calculation and subsequent decision-based cost minimization is proposed for the wire and arc additive manufacturing (WAAM) & milling process chain. Furthermore, the parameters’ influence on the results and the magnitude of their influence are determined. These results make it possible to design an economically optimal work sequence and to automate the process planning for this process chain. 相似文献
47.
Paulo Victor Rodrigues de Carvalho Tahar‐Hakim Benchekroun Jose Orlando Gomes 《人机工程学与制造业中的人性因素》2012,22(2):130-144
Shift work situations occur in almost all safety‐critical organizations, and the investigations of some catastrophes like Chernobyl, Exxon Valdez, and the Gol/Legacy mid‐air collision indicated that shift work information exchange played an important role during the evolution of the situation before the accidents. Inadequate communications during shift changeovers challenged operators' work in the moments that preceded these accidents, because they got inadequate information about the current situation. Our research focuses on the information exchange activities (verbal, written, and nonverbal) of nuclear power plant control operators during shift changeovers. Our aim is to investigate how verbal exchanges and other representations enable operator crews to share information regarding the events that occurred in the previous shift to achieve adequate situation awareness. Our findings indicated the importance and richness of the information exchange during the shift changeover process to update and validate individual and collective situation awareness, showing that information adequately shared enables the ad hoc configurations of regulation loops and a safer use of simplified strategies that can be understood and be validated by other operators, reducing the occurrence of cognitive overloads and contributing to the construction of a common cognitive ground that enhances system resilience. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. 相似文献
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本文阐述了充分考虑矿石性质,探索出混合浮选的分步流程,恰当的施用多元扑收剂所产出的“协同效应”,稳定和强化选别工艺,收到提高选金技术指标的效果。 相似文献
50.
随着各类医用耗材、消毒品数量和种类的增加,医院物资管理在医院运营中的作用越来越显著。在提倡以患者为中心,提高患者满意度的宗旨下,与患者直接接触的HIS、LIS、PACS、CIS等医疗系统发展十分迅速,而医院内部使用的物资管理系统却比较落后。针对在医院实际医用物资管理中,时常发生医疗物资积压和医疗耗材缺货导致医疗时机延误等问题,对现有物资管理系统中的不足进行分析,并提出一种以零库存管理为基础的新工作流程,以解决现有的一些问题,并在继续深入探讨和研究。 相似文献