NaOH-Na2SnO3-Na2PbO2-H2O四元水盐体系相平衡研究

采用等温溶解法测定20、40和60℃条件下,NaOH-Na2SnO3-Na2PbO2-H2O四元水盐体系及边界三元水盐体系NaOH-Na2SnO3-H2O、NaOH-Na2PbO2-H2O的相平衡数据.结果表明,在三元体系中,锡酸钠的溶解度随碱度的升高而降低,在高碱度条件下,40℃溶解度较高,亚铅酸钠的溶解度随温度的升高而升高,而随碱度升高呈现S形变化;在四元体系中,锡酸钠、亚铅酸钠之间相互影响,但溶解度变化趋势与三元体系一致.该研究成果可为碱、锡、铅的分离提供基础数据.     

碱集料反应预防材料的研究

系统研究了LiOH对两种工程活性集料(北京砾石和沸石化珍珠岩)引起的碱集料反应的影响。研究发现:掺加一定Li/Na摩尔比以上的LiOH能长期有效抑制碱集料反应膨胀。此外,对LiOH抑制碱集料反应的作用机理进行了讨论。     

傣泐文-汉文互译有声电子词典

软件是基于Visual C++ 6.0和Access 2003工具来完成的,在Unicode字符集模式下进行软件设计,解决当前民族文字软件开发时的系统使用兼容性以及字符的输出乱码等问题.本开发模式使用简单、操作稳定、接口灵活,在便于用户对词汇和语音数据库进行统一处理（备份、打印）的同时,也为其它民族文字翻译软件的开发提供了初期技术指导.目前面向傣族地区的翻译辅助工具还尚未推出,“傣泐文-汉文互译有声电子词典”是傣文信息化领域的一个重要“应用创新”成果,是开展少数民族语言文化信息元表示与提取研究的基础支撑,其作用主要是负责傣文的查询、翻译、朗读等工作.傣汉互译电子词典设计实现了傣汉对照互译、傣语真人朗读、傣语音标显示等常用功能,同时还支持对词库进行添加、修改、删除自定义操作,实现了良好的人机交互功能.     

Copper Thiophosphate (Cu3PS4) as Electrode for Sodium‐Ion Batteries with Ether Electrolyte

Lithium and sodium thiophosphates (and related compounds) have recently attracted attention because of their potential use as solid electrolytes in solid‐state batteries. These compounds, however, exhibit only limited stability in practice as they react with the electrodes. The decomposition products partially remain redox active hence leading to excess capacity. The redox activity of thiophosphates is explicitly used to act as electrode for sodium‐ion batteries. Copper thiophosphate (Cu₃PS₄) is used as a model system. The storage behavior between 0.01 and 2.5 V versus Na⁺/Na is studied in half cells using different electrolytes with 1 m NaPF₆ in diglyme showing the best result. Cu₃PS₄ shows highly reversible charge storage with capacities of about 580 mAh g^?1 for more than 200 cycles @120 mA g^?1 and about 450 mAh g^?1 for 1400 cycles @1 A g^?1. The redox behavior is studied by operando X‐ray diffraction and X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy. During initial sodiation, Cu₃PS₄ undergoes a conversion reaction including the formation of Cu and Na₂S. During cycling, the redox activity seems dominated by sulfur. Interestingly, the capacity of Cu₃PS₄ for lithium storage is smaller, leading to about 170 mAh g^?1 after 200 cycles. The results demonstrate that thiophosphates can lead to reversible charge storage over several hundred cycles without any notable capacity decay.     

KNN基无铅压电陶瓷材料制备的研究进展

碱金属铌酸盐系的(K,Na)NbO_3(KNN)因其具有高压电常数(d_(33)),高机电耦合系数,高品质因数及高居里温度(T_C)而成为无铅压电材料研究的热点。为了探索高性能KNN无铅压电陶瓷材料制备及应用,该文综述了其相关制备工艺、性能特点,重点阐述了KNN系无铅压电材料的掺杂、烧结、极化及其对性能的影响,指出了KNN无铅压电陶瓷的掺杂改性及工艺优化研究是其有效的研究方向。     

A Dual-Function Additive to Regulate Nucleation Behavior and Interfacial Chemistry for Ultra-Stable Na Metal Anodes beyond One Year

Sodium (Na) metal anodes suffer from dendrite formation and inferior reversibility, mainly induced by the inhomogeneous nucleation/growth and fragile solid electrolyte interphase (SEI), which hinders their commercial application. Optimizing nucleation behavior or SEI features can improve Na deposition/stripping process, as observed in most currently available approaches, but its long-term cyclic stability remains a great challenge because these issues are not fully optimized/solved in an individual method. Herein, a dual-role crown ether additive (CEA) is introduced into electrolytes to circumvent these challenges concurrently. As revealed by experiments and theoretical calculations, CEA possesses a strong affinity with Na⁺ and effectively regulates desolvation kinetics, leading to the uniform Na nucleation/growth. On the other hand, the resultant Na⁺/CEA complexes with a strong Lewis acid feature easily attract anions, which enables an anion-abundant solvation sheath, resulting in a NaF-rich SEI. Consequently, Na|Cu cells deliver a high average Coulombic efficiency of 99.95% beyond one year and stable cyclic stability over 3000 h even under a high depth of discharge (75%), surpassing most previous studies. Furthermore, this concept is readily extended to zinc metal batteries, verifying that simultaneous nucleation control and interfacial chemistry regulation are promising ways to realize stable metal anodes.     

Prevention of Carbon Corrosion by TiC Formation on Ti Current Collector in Seawater Batteries

Seawater batteries (SWBs) are a type of sodium-air batteries that use abundant seawater as the source of the catholyte. A cathode current collector in traditional SWBs is composed of titanium (Ti) and carbon-based current collectors. The high contact resistance between Ti and carbon-based current collectors as well as the slow kinetics of oxygen evolution and reduction reactions increase the overpotential, resulting in side reactions such as carbon corrosion. To enhance the performance of SWBs, previous studies have focused on carbon current collectors, catalysts, and polymer binders, while ignoring the importance of Ti. In this study, a facile carbon diffusion technique is employed to successfully form titanium carbide (TiC) on the surface of Ti. SWBs with engineered Ti demonstrate considerably improved performance (four times higher cycling stability, 30% increased power performance, 40% reduced voltage gap) in relation to those with pristine Ti. This significantly improved electrochemical performance is found to be attributable to the prevention of carbon corrosion due to i) the reduction of contact resistance (owing to rough TiC surface) and ii) the electrocatalytic effect of TiC. Finally, engineered Ti is applied to large-area SWBs and its potential applicability in energy storage systems is confirmed.     

Quantum Physics and Deep Learning to Reveal Multiple Dimensional Modified Regulation by Ternary Substitution of Iron,Manganese, and Cobalt on Na3V2(PO4)3 for Superior Sodium Storage

Na₃V₂(PO₄)₃ is regarded as a promising candidate for sodium ion batteries. Nevertheless, the poor electronic conductivity, low capacities, and unstable structure limit its further investigations. Herein, a new type of Fe/Mn/Co co-substituted Na₃V₂(PO₄)₃ with nitrogen-doped carbon coating (NFMC) by a facile sol-gel route is synthesized. The introduced elements feature in both crystal bulk and carbon coating layer. Suitable heteroatom substitution activates more effective Na⁺ to participate in electrochemical process and reinforce the structure. An extra high voltage platform at 3.8 V resulting from the multi-element synergy (Mn²⁺/Mn³⁺/Mn⁴⁺; Co²⁺/Co³⁺; V⁴⁺/V⁵⁺) is stably and reversibly existed in NFMC to supply added capacities, which is investigated by quantum physics calculations. The high flux paths for Na⁺ migration and spin quantum state distribution in NFMC are demonstrated by molar magneton calculation. Significantly, the generated polyatomic coordination environment of M N C (M = Fe/Co/Mn) in carbon layer is first proposed. The most optimized combination structures are obtained from 69 possible structures and demonstrated by X-ray absorption spectroscopy. The superior electrochemical performance is precisely forecasted by innovative deep learning. Predicted values with high precision are obtained based on a small number of operating data, extremely short development period, and provide real-time status references for safer use.     

辉沸石的离子交换性能及改型研究

探究了广西辉沸石的耐酸碱性，阳离子交换序列；同时对辉沸石进行了改型试验，就改型剂，改型方式，改型影响因素等进行了讨论。结果表明：辉沸石的耐酸碱性不强；辉沸石经过细化处理，用NaCl溶液沸水浴静态交换，可以快速，有效去除沸石中的钙离子。辉沸石改成Na型后，它的吸附性能和离子交换性能大大增强。     

Na2xCa1-xBi4Ti4O15介电陶瓷的制备及其介电性能的研究

采用固相烧结法制备了Na 1掺杂的CaBi4Ti4O(15CBT)铋系层状钙态矿无铅介电陶瓷。利用XRD、SEM和宽频LCR数字电桥分析了掺杂量、烧结温度等因素对CBT陶瓷晶相、微观形貌及介电性能的影响。研究表明,采用860℃预烧,保温3小时,1150℃终烧,保温1h的烧结工艺,Na2xCa1-xBi4Ti4O15(x=8mol%)的介电陶瓷致密性好、结晶性好,具有良好的介电性能。