铝阳极氧化膜在NaCl溶液中的电化学性能

采用交流阻抗法研究了工业纯铝L3阳极氧化膜在中性NaCl溶液中交流阻抗谱的变化规律, 比较了未封闭处理与沸水封闭处理后氧化膜的交流阻抗谱的差异, 并结合等效电路分析了氧化膜多孔层与阻挡层电化学参数的变化.结果表明, 未封闭的阳极氧化膜在NaCl溶液中浸泡初期存在一个自封闭过程, 封闭处理明显提高氧化膜多孔层的初始Rp值并降低初始CPEp值; 溶液中侵蚀性离子浓度越高, 封闭处理提高铝阳极氧化膜的耐蚀性能作用越明显.     

机床圆柱结合部的动态特性解析方法

在机床图纸设计阶段，预测机床整机的动态特性具有十分重要的意义，进行机床整机动态特性预测的难点在于如何确定结合部的刚度和阻尼参数，本文以机床结构中应用较普遍的圆柱结合部为例，研究了基于结合面基础特性参数的圆柱结合部动态特性解析方法，并编制相应解析软件，给出应用实例，证明本文的方法及软件是正确的。     

Ultraviolet light aging properties of PVC/CaCO3 composites

The ultraviolet radiation aging behaviors of PVC/CaCO₃ and PVC/CaCO₃/macromolecular modifier composites were studied through whiteness measurement, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, ultraviolet–visible spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy, and mechanical properties test. It was found that nano‐CaCO₃ particles used as ultraviolet light screening agents could significantly enhance the antiaging properties of PVC materials. Due to the macromolecular modifier coated on nano‐CaCO₃ particles, the compatibility of nano‐CaCO₃ and PVC matrix was improved, resulting in uniform dispersion of nano‐CaCO₃ in PVC matrix. Therefore, the PVC/CaCO₃/MP composite exhibited better antiaging properties than PVC/CaCO₃ composite. After 12 h of ultraviolet irradiation, the tensile strength retention, elongation at break retention, and impact strength retention of PVC/CaCO₃/MP composite were 79.5%, 74.5%, and 75.3%, which were much higher than that of neat PVC and PVC/CaCO₃ composite. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci., 2013     

咪唑对磷酸中铜阳极溶解电化学振荡行为的影响研究

运用循环伏安法和恒电位法对铜在含有咪唑的磷酸溶液中电化学振荡行为进行了研究,结果发现随着咪唑浓度的升高,振荡起振电位正移,振幅、周期先减小后又增大;温度升高,振荡周期减小.恒电位下,随着电位升高电流振荡总体趋势从不规则到规则再到不规则.     

DC/DC与DC/AC级联变流器阻抗协调控制策略

在back-to-back级联变流器系统中,前级子变流器的输出阻抗与后级子变流器的输入阻抗相互影响,如果系统参数设计不合理,将会恶化系统稳定性。该文提出了一种阻抗协调控制策略,将级联系统的前级子变流器和后级子变流器的低频阻抗均呈现为阻性阻抗,使得低频相移为0,从而提高back-to-back级联变流器系统的稳定性。基于双H桥DC/DC变流器和三相两电平逆变器级联拓扑结构,对所提控制策略与传统控制策略进行了比较。基于阻抗特性的稳定性判据显示,在低频范围内,所提控制策略可以促进前级功率源变流器和后级负载变流器面向中间直流母线侧呈现阻性阻抗,从而显著降低阻抗匹配作用产生的相移,有助于提高系统的稳定性。最后通过仿真和实验验证了所提出控制策略的有效性。     

Influence of caring youth sport contexts on efficacy-related beliefs and social behaviors.

Understanding what factors influence positive youth development has been advocated by youth development researchers (P. L. Benson, 2006; J. S. Eccles & J. A. Gootman, 2002). Consequently, the purpose of this study was to examine whether perceptions of a caring youth sport context influenced prosocial and antisocial behavior through efficacy-related beliefs, that is, positive and negative affective self-regulatory efficacy (ASRE) and empathic self-efficacy (ESE). Multiethnic youths taking part in summer sport programs (N = 395) completed a questionnaire that measured perceptions of the caring climate, ESE, ASRE, and social behavior. Structural equation modeling was used to test whether ASRE and ESE mediated the relationship between caring and social behaviors. Findings revealed that perceptions of caring positively predicted ASRE and ESE. In turn, positive ASRE positively predicted ESE. Prosocial behaviors were positively linked to ESE, whereas antisocial behaviors were negatively predicted by positive ASRE. The results suggest that caring influences prosocial and antisocial behavior because such contexts develop youths' ability to monitor, manage, and control positive affect, which in turn enhances their belief in their ability to empathize. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

残采工作面滑移顶梁支架的应用

为降低滑移顶梁支架工作面的事故率,提高滑移顶梁支架的安全性,采取增强滑移顶梁支架易损部件的强度、在支架上焊接柱销、安装挡矸板并穿设钢丝绳、加设推移千斤顶方形栏等方法对滑移顶梁支架的支护方式及设计进行改进.结果表明:技改后采场顶底板移近量减小,最大顶板下沉量不超过100 mm,易损部件使用平均寿命增加到35 d以上,解决了滑移顶梁支架失稳及平衡力减小、采空区窜矸等问题,避免了落煤爆破造成顶梁变形断裂,保证了支架推移时千斤顶不上翘,大幅降低了开采成本,效果显著,整体提高了滑移顶梁支架的安全性.     

The benefits of flexible team interaction during crises.

Organizations increasingly rely on teams to respond to crises. While research on team effectiveness during nonroutine events is growing, naturalistic studies examining team behaviors during crises are relatively scarce. Furthermore, the relevant literature offers competing theoretical rationales concerning effective team response to crises. In this article, the authors investigate whether high- versus average-performing teams can be distinguished on the basis of the number and complexity of their interaction patterns. Using behavioral observation methodology, the authors coded the discrete verbal and nonverbal behaviors of 14 nuclear power plant control room crews as they responded to a simulated crisis. Pattern detection software revealed systematic differences among crews in their patterns of interaction. Mean comparisons and discriminant function analysis indicated that higher performing crews exhibited fewer, shorter, and less complex interaction patterns. These results illustrate the limitations of standardized response patterns and highlight the importance of team adaptability. Implications for future research and for team training are included. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Perceived discrimination and health: A meta-analytic review.

Perceived discrimination has been studied with regard to its impact on several types of health effects. This meta-analysis provides a comprehensive account of the relationships between multiple forms of perceived discrimination and both mental and physical health outcomes. In addition, this meta-analysis examines potential mechanisms by which perceiving discrimination may affect health, including through psychological and physiological stress responses and health behaviors. Analysis of 134 samples suggests that when weighting each study’s contribution by sample size, perceived discrimination has a significant negative effect on both mental and physical health. Perceived discrimination also produces significantly heightened stress responses and is related to participation in unhealthy and nonparticipation in healthy behaviors. These findings suggest potential pathways linking perceived discrimination to negative health outcomes. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)