Precision equipment for symmetrical bending— Part 1. The loading system

The design and performance of precision bending equipment for testing straight beams with constant rectangular section under a pure bending moment is described. Part 1 deals with the loading arrangements and Part 2 with the rig for measuring beam deflection. The methods for recording deflection of strain gauges applied on the beam have been described elsewhere.^1–4
The reactions to the deadweight gravity loads are taken via ball bearings. The total bending moment inaccuracy, i.e. the sum of estimated systematic errors and random errors, the latter expressed as the 2Ga confidence interval about the mean (2G_cim), is about ± 25 x. 10^-4%, for 23 tests with a steel beam with 15 mm × 75 mm cross sectional dimensions, loaded to 1-1.5 mm/m strain.
The measuring rig stands on the beam via hardened and polished spherical segment feet and uses a capacitive transducer system with less than 5nm resolution. Various application tasks are described. The total inaccuracy of the measured deflection, i.e. apart from bending moment inaccuracy, is about ± 35 times 10^4% for about 10 reproduced, not repeated, tests with the same steel beam. The deflection for such a beam is of the order of 2 to 4 mm.     

基于信息熵度量的高斯尺度空间角点检测算法

图像的多尺度表示是指从原始图像出发,导出一系列越来越平滑、简化的图像,这种简化意味着图像信息的丢失。图像角点是图像的一个重要的局部特征,本文结合尺度空间理论,实现了多尺度下Harris角点检测,并利用信息熵计算每一尺度下图像的信息量,信息熵是衡量不同尺度下图像信息的可靠方法。通过实验对提取出的特征点进行攻击,证明了这些点具有很好的鲁棒性,与单尺度Harris角点检测相比,该特征点具有更高的重复率,即尺度不变性。     

Erosion-corrosion investigation of high chromium cast irons using newly designed jet type tester

A jet type erosion-corrosion tester was developed for the erosion-corrosion investigation of high-chromium cast irons. During tests the size and the shape of particles in the slurry can be maintained stable. The jet velocity and attack angle can be accurately controlled. The repeatability and ranking consistency of the test results are satisfactory. The test parameters can be adjusted in a wide range, so that the tester can simulate various practical working conditions. Electrochemical test data can be automatically collected and processed. Dynamic polarization curves can be obtained during erosion-corrosion test, which can be used to study the dynamic corrosion characteristics.Two high chromium cast irons were studied in hot concentrated alkaline slurry. The results show that the erosioncorrosion mass loss rate and dynamic corrosion rate of 295Cr26 iron is lower than that of 185Cr13 under the conditions similar to alumyte processing. The mechanism of erosion-corrosion of 295Cr26 and 185Cr13 was studied by using the tester. The interaction between erosion and corrosion was also quantitatively evaluated.     

基于铁基非晶薄带巨磁阻抗效应的位移传感器

利用铁基非晶薄带的特性研制了一种新型的非接触位移传感器.介绍了铁基非晶薄带的磁敏特性、处理方法及位移传感器电路的设计,并对传感器的特性进行了测试.结果显示:所设计的位移传感器重复性好,最大偏差为0.2973％、迟滞小,最大为0.6526％.     

A Modified Region Approach for Multivariate Measurement System Capability Analysis

Measurement system capability analysis is to determine whether the measurement system is capable for use in quality control. The existing research has been extended from univariate to multivariate cases. Two approaches, the multivariate analysis of variance (MANOVA) and the weighted principal components (WPC), were advocated in literature. The MANOVA method is constructed based on the volume ratio that treats the volume of constant‐density contours as the variability estimations. However, it ignores the fact that the relative position change of multivariate measurement errors could affect the measurement system capability. The WPC method uses dimension reduction to reduce the complexity but is unable to build the precision‐to‐tolerance ratio because it does not include tolerance. In this paper, we propose a modified‐region‐based method to compute the precision‐to‐tolerance ratio, the percent of repeatability and reproducibility, and the signal‐to‐noise ratio. This method also incorporates the variance–covariance structure of the measurement errors when dealing with the constant‐density contours of tolerances, total variation, and process variation. The performance of the modified‐region‐based method is evaluated based on a dataset from the literature and a set of relevant simulation. The proposed method proves to be effective compared with other methods.Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Reference Range Estimation: Accounting for Measurement System Errors

Reference range is a statistic that is used in health related fields to represent the range of the most likely values for a variable of interest. Based on this range, individuals are classified as being healthy or unhealthy. In biostatistics, the reference range is calculated as the (1 ? α)% prediction interval, where this prediction interval is based on the estimated population variance from the data. Such estimation of population variance is not precise, because obtained test results do usually have errors associated with them. These errors are due to the imprecise test procedure or gauge used. In this paper, the total variability in the data is decomposed into two categories. The first is the patient‐to‐patient variability and the other is the variability due to the measurement system used. Estimation of the two kinds is performed through a gauge repeatability and reproducibility study, then the reference range is calculated, taking into account only the patient‐to‐patient variability. The revised reference range procedure is illustrated through a case study of vitamin B12 test results. A closed form formula is given to calculate the probability of a given test result being within the revised reference range. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

直读式测钙仪电计电位校准方法研究

介绍了直读式测钙仪电计电位的校准方法,包括电计电位示值误差和重复性测量方法,以及对仪器电计电位示值误差测量不确定度的评定等。     

中航时平台惯导系统导航精度的全误差评估方法

平台惯导系统(PINS)初始对准误差和标定参数重复性是评估PINS精度的主要参数.应用给定精度评定指标无法准确评估PINS导航精度,PINS全误差导航模型能够准确描述PINS误差传播过程,但对多批次中航时PINS精度评估需消耗大量时间,缺乏实用性.结合实际应用中需要对每一台PINS中航时导航精度进行快速准确评估的需求,通过对PINS全误差导航模型传播规律进行分析,得到PINS误差参数对导航精度的单项评估公式和简化综合评估公式.数值仿真验证表明:该方法能够对中航时PINS导航精度进行快速准确估算,在PINS选择中具有很好的实用性.同时该方法可以指导惯导系统生产调试,找到影响惯导系统的主要误差因素,对改进设计、提高精度和精度评定具有参考价值.     

激光干涉仪在气体微小流量测量中的应用

为了提升气体微小流量的校准能力,拓展流量校准范围下限,以被动活塞式玻璃体积管主标准器作为研究对象,提出一种使用激光干涉仪实时测量活塞移动位移从而计算得出标准流量的方法,将流量范围下限从1 mL/min扩展至0.01 mL/min.开展了流量重复性试验及标准流量不确定度分析,试验结果表明该标准器在扩展的微小流量范围内具有...     

v/p转压方式对注塑制品质量重复精度的影响

对注射成型中四种不同的v/p(射速/压力)转压方式的工艺性能进行了研究,以制品质量作为验证参数,同时考虑了模具温度的变化.研究发现,注塑制品质量重复精度的提高除了受到转压方式的影响还同相应转压方式下的工艺参数设定有关;制品质量的变化受模具温度的影响,常规转压方式下,制品质量随模具温度升高而降低,而模腔熔体温度转压方式下...