WC类硬质合金胎体材料的试验研究

介绍一种WC类硬质合金胎体材料配方 ,在胎体材料中添加了微量磷元素 ,通过其活化作用 ,使硬质合金材料在 1 0 60℃温度下烧结成型 ,并通过调节配方中的Co -Ni含量 ,使其具备了所需要的机械性能。并扼要介绍了以YG1 2 -Ni8-P0 .2硬质合金为胎体材料的人造金刚石复合体钻头的试验情况。     

选区激光烧结设备成型缸传动系统及铺粉精度的研究

成型缸传动系统是影响选区激光烧结铺粉精度的关键因素,根据铺粉工艺过程,确定成型缸传动系统总体方案,并建立传动系统模型.根据铺粉参数要求,详细介绍了传动系统动力参数的计算及步进电机的选用.最后对传动系统进行了静态定位误差的分析,以确保选区激光烧结设备铺粉精度符合要求.     

预设升温速度对W-Cu合金性能的影响

采用Gleeble—3500D热模拟机,通过对烧结体密度、显微结构以及硬度的分析,研究了电场作用下预设升温速度对W-20Cu体系快速烧结的影响。结果表明:W-20Cu复合粉在800℃、较短时间(3min)内进行快速烧结可得到烧结性能良好、平均晶粒尺寸约0.4μm的W-Cu合金;并且随着预设升温速度的提高,电场的作用愈强,压坯所获得的热流密度愈大,这有利于烧结体的致密化;同时,预设升温速度的提高,合金的硬度呈递增趋势。     

Faceting of High-Angle Grain Boundaries in Titanium-Excess BaTiO3

The grain boundaries in BaTiO₃ with excess Ti of 0.5, 0.3, and 0.1 at.% sintered at 1300° or 1250°C have been examined by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), electron backscattered diffraction pattern (EBSP), and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). In the 0.1% Ti-excess specimen, large grains growing abnormally form high-angle grain boundaries when they impinge on each other as verified by EBSP. A large fraction of these grain boundaries are faceted with hill-and-valley shapes. In the 0.5% Ti-excess specimen, large grains growing abnormally are elongated in the directions of their {111} double twins. These grains often form flat grain boundaries parallel to their {111} planes with the fine matrix grains, and the grain-boundary segments between the large impinging grains with high misorientation angles are often also parallel to the {111} planes of one of the grains. These grain boundaries are expected to be singular. Most of the grain boundaries between the randomly oriented fine-matrix grains in the 0.3 at.% Ti-excess specimen are also faceted with hill-and-valley shapes at finer scales when observed under TEM. The facet planes are parallel to {111}, {011}, and {012} planes of one of the grain pairs and are also expected to be singular. These high-angle grain boundaries lying on low index planes of one of the grain pairs are similar to those observed in other oxides and metals.     

废脱硫剂在铁矿烧结中的应用

钢厂煤气脱硫工序排放的废脱硫剂是一种难以利用的有害固体废弃物,含一定量的铁及较高的钙和硫等元素。对废脱硫剂配入铁矿粉中进行了烧结杯的试验研究,结果表明,当废脱硫剂配比超过01%后,随着废脱硫剂配比的升高,烧结矿转鼓强度下降,利用系数下降,烧结烟气中SO2与NOx浓度增加,烧结矿的还原度有所下降,但烧结矿的低温还原粉化性能有所改善。烧结矿的矿相研究发现,废脱硫剂配比偏大时,磁铁矿体积分数增大,铁酸钙体积分数减少,并由针状结构向柱状、板状演变,烧结矿的气孔率上升。主要原因在于其粒度偏粗,含硫高,不利于成矿。当废脱硫剂粒度为-63mm及其配比控制在01%时,烧结矿的产量和质量有所改善,烟气中SO2、NOx较基准试验变化不大。工业试验表明,在烧结混匀矿中配入废脱硫剂配比小于012%时,烧结矿产量和质量没有明显变化,烧结烟气脱硫脱硝效果也没有受到影响。废脱硫剂掺入铁矿中进行烧结是一种资源化利用的有效方法,不仅解决了有害固体废弃物对环境的影响,而且使二次资源得到综合利用。     

尿素对减少铁矿烧结过程二恶英排放的作用机理

研究了添加尿素抑制剂对钢铁厂烧结烟气二恶英减排的影响,结果表明,加入0.05%, 0.1%, 0.5%(w)尿素,二恶英的毒性当量排放浓度分别为0.287, 0.258, 0.217 ng-TEQ/m3,比未加尿素的排放浓度0.777 ng-TEQ/m3大幅度减少. 综合考虑二恶英的减排效果和是否产生二次污染,0.05%为尿素减排二恶英的适宜配比. 烧结过程中尿素抑制二恶英形成的作用主要体现在低温合成反应,既通过与Cu2+反应形成稳定的氮化物,削弱Cu2+的催化活性,又通过与HCl反应,减少了形成二恶英的氯源. 高温气相合成反应中,尿素并没有明显的抑制作用,反而因产生的HCl可能导致低温反应合成二恶英浓度增加.     

铋掺杂对铌酸钾钠无铅压电陶瓷结构和性能的影响

用常压烧结法制备铋掺杂铌酸钾钠无铅压电陶瓷(K0.5Na0.5)1-3xBixNbO3(KNBN)。研究不同铋掺杂量对KNN陶瓷结构、形貌、致密度及电学性能的影响。结果表明:在1 120℃烧结的含铋量为1%(摩尔分数)的陶瓷表现出最好的铁电和压电性能及较好的介电性能,即压电常数最大121pC/N,P-E回线形状达到饱和,且剩余极化为12.67μC/cm2,矫顽场Ec为13.58kV/cm,介电常数为575,损耗为5.82%(频率为1kHz)。陶瓷样品在131℃从正交结构转变到四方结构,Curie温度为400℃。     

低温烧结CaO-B2O3-SiO2玻璃陶瓷及其性能

在CaO-B2O3-SiO2玻璃粉末中,通过添加助烧剂制备了CaO-B2O3-SiO2(CBS)玻璃陶瓷材料.研究了助烧剂P2O5和ZnO的助烧作用、材料的介电性能和相组成、显微结构.分析认为,P2O5能促进低熔点玻璃相的形成,ZnO则可以提高玻璃相的粘度,扩大烧结温度范围,并防止试样变形,复合添加P2O5和ZnO可成功烧结CBS玻璃粉末;在CBS玻璃陶瓷材料中,包含有β-CaSiO3、α-SiO2和CaB2O4三种晶相,晶粒发育均匀,粒径分布较合理,大小为0.5μm左右;添加质量分数为2%的P2O5和0.5%的ZnO作烧结助剂,可制备10MHz下,εr为6.38,tanδ小于0.002的玻璃陶瓷材料;烧结温度低于900℃,可实现银、铜电极共烧,可用作LTCC材料.     

Enhanced conductivity of SDC based nanocomposite electrolyte by spark plasma sintering

Recently, ceria-based nanocomposites have been considered as promising electrolyte candidates for low-temperature solid oxide fuel cells (LTSOFC) due to their dual-ion conduction and excellent performance. However, the densification of these composites remains a great concern since the relative low density of the composite electrolyte is suspected to deteriorate the durability of fuel cell. In the present study, the ionic conductivity of two kinds of SDC-based nanocomposite electrolytes processed by spark plasma sintering (SPS) method was investigated, and compared to that made by conventional cold pressing followed by sintering (normal processing way). The density of solid electrolyte can reach higher than 95% of the theoretical value after SPS processing, while the relative density of the electrolyte pellets by normal processing way can hardly approach 75%. The structure and morphology of the sintered pellets were characterized by XRD and SEM. The ionic conductivity of samples was measured by electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS). The results showed that the ionic conductivity of the two kinds of electrolytes treated with SPS was significantly enhanced, compared with the electrolyte pellets processed through the conventional method. The profile of impedance curve of the electrolytes was altered as well. This study demonstrates that the conductivity of SDC based nanocomposite electrolyte can be further improved by adequate densification process.     

SiO2、Na2CO3对预还原烧结过程中气化脱磷的影响

白云鄂博铁精矿磷含量较高为0.08%(质量分数),且磷元素主要以氟磷灰石的形式存在。基于前期白云鄂博矿磷的赋存状态及白云鄂博矿预还原烧结工艺对脱磷影响的研究,同时为了开发利用其他中、高磷铁矿,研究了白云鄂博铁精矿预还原烧结过程中磷的气化脱除机制。利用FactSage热力学软件、XRD、SEM-EDS对比分析不同SiO2、Na2CO3添加量对预还原烧结过程中气化脱磷率、金属化率以及物相转变的影响。结果表明:最佳的SiO2、Na2CO3添加量(质量分数)分别为3%、1%,对应的脱磷率为31%,金属化率为96%,实现了预还原烧结过程中磷的有效脱除,进一步明确预还原烧结脱磷机制,为以后中、高磷铁矿脱磷的研究指明了方向。