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11.
John B. Mailhes Marilyn J. Aardema Francesco Marchetti 《Environmental and molecular mutagenesis》1993,22(2):107-114
The various causative and mechanistic phenomena associated with aneuploidy induction require considerable investigation to better understand the etiology of chromosome missegregation. We investigated the potential of vinblastine sulfate, pyrimethamine, diethylstilbestrol diphosphate, and chloral hydrate to induce numerical and structural chromosome changes in female mouse germ cells. Superovulated ICR mice were administered the compounds either by intraperitoneal injection or oral gavage, and oocytes were collected and processed for cytogenetic analysis 17 hr later. Vinblastine sulfate, administered i.p., induced a significant increase in the frequency of ovulated Ml oocytes and of hyperploid Mll oocytes compared to controls, but did not increase the frequency of structural aberrations. Pyrimethamine, diethylstilbestrol diphosphate, and chloral hydrate did not increase the frequency of numerical or structural chromosome changes in female mouse germ cells. © 1993 Wiley-Liss, Inc. 相似文献
12.
Granulocyte elastase levels do not correlate with anaerobic and aerobic bacterial growth in seminal plasma from infertile men 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
Seminal culture and leucocyte elastase measurements were undertaken on samples from 30 men attending an infertility clinic. Elastase levels over 1000 ng ml-1 were obtained in 14 men and positive bacterial culture in 11 men, but there was no correlation between these two sets of measurements. While granulocyte elastase measurement in semen may reflect inflammation, our study suggests that it cannot be used as a simple marker of infection particularly in a population such as ours where the prevalence of prostatitis and genital infection is low. 相似文献
13.
精浆抗精子抗体阳性不育患者顶体酶、一氧化氮合酶及超氧化物歧化酶活力变化的研究 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
目的:研究精浆抗精子抗体(AsAb)阳性对精子顶体酶、精浆一氧化氮合酶(NOS)及超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活力的影响。方法:精浆AsAb阳性不育者40例,对照组为40例正常生育男性。通过吸光度变化分别计算顶体酶活力(BAEE/ADH联合法)、NOS活力(氧化还原反应)、SOD活力(黄嘌呤氧化酶法)。结果:精浆As-Ab阳性组与正常生育组比较,精子顶体酶活力明显降低(P<0.01),NOS活力明显升高(P<0.01),精浆中SOD活力明显降低(P<0.01)。结论:精浆AsAb阳性引起不育可能与精子顶体酶、精浆中SOD及NOS活力改变有关。 相似文献
14.
目的:评价超声及临床特征在附睾局灶性病变鉴别诊断中的应用价值。方法:回顾性分析附睾局灶性病变48例,包括非特异性附睾炎、附睾结核和附睾精液囊肿。分析附睾局灶性病变大小、形态、位置、回声强度及均一性,鞘膜腔是否有积液;病灶血流的程度以及患者年龄、病程和阴囊压痛程度。结果:附睾结核病灶平均面积比非特异性附睾炎病灶大(P<0.05),并多可见钙化斑。非特异性附睾炎病灶的血流信号比附睾结核(P<0.05)及附睾精液囊肿(P<0.01)丰富;非特异性附睾炎病程比附睾结核(P<0.01)和附睾精液囊肿(P<0.01)短;非特异性附睾炎病灶的压痛比附睾结核(P<0.01)和附睾精液囊肿(P<0.01)明显。附睾局灶性病变发生位置及有无鞘膜积液无明显区别(P>0.05)。结论:超声和临床特征对附睾局灶性病变鉴别诊断具有重要的价值,为临床诊断、治疗附睾疾病及评价疗效提供客观依据。 相似文献
15.
目的:探讨在大负荷训练期间进行间歇性低氧训练对男子赛艇运动员生理机能的影响。方法:12名男子赛艇运动员分成低氧组和对照组,低氧组在赛前大负荷训练期间进行为期4周、每周5天、每天1小时的间歇性低氧训练,其余日常训练两组相同。实验期间每周测试运动员的睡眠质量、耐缺氧能力以及血红蛋白、血尿素、肌酸激酶等指标。结果:4周间歇性低氧训练后,低氧组运动员血红蛋白含量显著高于对照组,血尿素水平和肌酸激酶活性显著低于对照组;低氧组在耐缺氧实验中血氧饱和度显著高于对照组,心率显著低于对照组;低氧组睡眠质量指标得分显著低于对照组。结论:间歇性低氧训练可以提高男子赛艇运动员大负荷训练期间的耐缺氧能力,改善睡眠质量,间接促进机体在承受大负荷训练负荷时的恢复能力。 相似文献
16.
MAHMOUD HULEIHEL AYELET LEVY EITAN LUNENFELD GAD POTASHNIK MAREK GLEZERMAN SHULA HOROWITZ 《American journal of reproductive immunology (New York, N.Y. : 1989)》1997,37(4):304-309
PROBLEM: To assess the effect of seminal plasma (SP) of fertile and infertile men on leukocyte mitogenic response, and the capability of sperm cells to produce IL-1. METHODS: This study included four groups: fertile men (donors, normal), infertile men with azoospermia (azoo), oligo-terato-asthenozoospermia (OTA), and OTA with genital infection (OTA-inf). Mouse spleen cell proliferation in response to lipopolysaccharide (LPS) or Concanavalin-A (Con-A) was examined in the presence of SP from the above four groups. Supernatants (sup) and lysates (lys) of sperm cells from fertile and oligoteratoasthenospermic (OTA) men were evaluated for IL-1 bioactivity by specific bioassay. RESULTS: Seminal plasma (SP) of the four groups were shown to inhibit the mitogenic response of mouse spleen cells to LPS and Con-A. SP of fertile men was significantly more inhibitory than SP from infertile men. Sperm cells from fertile and OTA infertile men constitutively produced IL-1. Sperm cells of both groups produced similar levels of IL-1 as examined in the supernatants and lysates. CONCLUSIONS: Seminal plasma of fertile men had more inhibitory mitogenic activity than that of OTA. Sperm cells constitutively produce IL-1. It is possible that the factors involved in this inhibition are not only anti-proliferative immune factors. Cytokines and inhibitory factors of mitogenesis in the seminal plasma may be involved in the physiology and pathophysiology of sperm functions and thus affect male fertility. 相似文献
17.
SRY基因诊断在临床中的应用 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
应用聚合酶链式反应(PCR)扩增技术,对10例染色体核型为46,XY和1例为46,XX/46,XY的性反转、睾丸女性化、两性畸形及男性生殖器发育不良的患者进行了性别决定区(SRY)基因检测。结果表明9例46,XY和1例46,XX/46,XY患者的SRY基因存在,1例46,XY女性患者的SRY基因缺失。该结果表明能够用分子生物学技术对性反转、性发育异常的病因进行分析 相似文献
18.
Chest Wall Implants: Their Use for Pectus Excavatum,Pectoralis Muscle Tears,Poland's Syndrome,and Muscular Insufficiency 总被引:3,自引:3,他引:0
Darryl J. Hodgkinson 《Aesthetic plastic surgery》1997,21(1):7-15
Solid customized and prefabricated silicone implants have been used by the author for 15 years in a wide range of chest wall
deformities. Chest wall implants are often used in males seeking to augment a muscularly deficient or underdeveloped chest;
however, their greatest use has come in a variety of deformities both congenital and acquired, such as pectus excavatum, Poland's
Syndrome, and pectoralis muscle tears. The implants can be either customized using a moulage technique or are prefabricated,
manufactured implants which can be modified on the operating table to repair the contour deformity. The immediate postoperative
problem of seroma and subcutaneous implant ``show' has been minimized by careful planning, gentle technique, deep insertion,
improved patient positioning on the operating room table, and the use of oral anti-inflammatory medications. The long-term
results of these implants seem very satisfactory. The patients are usualy physically active, and the implants show no long-term
sequelae such as seroma, infection, displacement, or rupture. 相似文献
19.
M.E. Traina P. Ade G. Siepi E. Urbani M.G. Petrelli 《International journal of environmental health research》1994,4(1):38-47
Experimental studies suggest that large numbers of chemicals, environmental and industrial pollutants affect the male reproductive system. At present, almost no information is available on the effects of these adverse agents on human reproduction. Recent reports, however, suggest that in the past 50 years male fertility has declined based on qualitative and quantitative measurements of normal sperm. This study identifies‐among the active ingredients and solvents included in pesticide formulations registered in Italy‐the chemical agents with experimental evidence of male reproductive toxicity. Documents produced by international agencies and organizations such as IARC, EPA, WHO, and original papers from the international literature were systematically reviewed. The results indicate that several pesticide products notified in the Italian Registry contain active ingredients and/or solvents severely affecting testicular function and sperm morphology in laboratory animals. Therefore, exposure to reproductive toxicants occurring among manufacturers and users of pesticide formulations registered in Italy suggest further epidemiologic surveys should be conducted in this area. 相似文献
20.
Objective: To study the changes in 5α-reductase type Ⅱactivity in sex glands of pubertal and adult male rats with diabetes. Methods: Pubertal (40 days old) and adult (90 days old) male Wistar rats were used, 30 animals in each group. Each group was randomly divided into 3 subgroups: the control (C), the diabetic (D) and the diabetic with insulin replacement (ID). The activity of 5α-reductase type Ⅱ was determined with thin layer chromatography in the epididymis, prostate and testis. Results: (1) In all the sex glands of pubertal rats, the enzyme activity was significantly lower in group D than in groups C and ID. (2) In all the sex glands of adult rats, there was no significant difference in the activity. Conclusion: In male rats, the activity of 5αa-reductase type Ⅱ in sex glands is more vulnerable to diabetes in pubertal rats than in adult rats. 相似文献