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51.
阳离子表面活性剂对HPAM溶液表观粘度的影响 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
研究了不同的阳离子表面活性剂对部分水解聚丙烯酰胺(HPAM)溶液中的表观粘度的影响。 相似文献
52.
对于气固相氢氟化反应制备七氟丙烷的催化剂,进行了系统的研究。采用浸渍法制备催化剂,当催化活性组分A为载体的8.5%~10%,组分C2为1.0%~2.5%、二者之和为11%时,达到了较佳的催化性能,将其应用于由六氟丙烯制备七氟丙烷时,在反应温度≥210℃时,粗品气中的F-227含量≥98.5%。 相似文献
53.
Yong-Zhao Wang Yong-Xiang Zhao Chun-Guang Gao Dian-Sheng Liu 《Catalysis Letters》2007,116(3-4):136-142
Without use of any surfactant or oxidant, a series of Co3O4 catalysts have been prepared from cobalt nitrate aqueous solution via a very simple liquid-precipitation method with ammonium
acid carbonate followed by calcination at various temperatures. The catalytic performance of the Co3O4 for CO oxidation has been studied with a continuous flowing laboratory microreactor system. The results show that the CO
conversion of all the samples can reach 100% at ambient temperature. The catalyst calcined at 300 °C is able to maintain its
activity for CO complete oxidation more than 500 min at 25 °C and about 240 min even at −78 °C. High reaction temperature
results in a high catalytic stability, while the catalytic stability decreases with further increasing the reaction temperature.
Characterizations with X-ray powder diffraction and transmission electron microscopy suggest that all the samples exist as
a pure Co3O4 phase with the spinel structure, the samples are apt to aggregate and the specific surface area gradually decreases with
increasing the calcination temperature, which directly leads to the decrease of catalytic stability. Furthermore, the amount
of active oxygen species measured by CO titration experiments appears to be critical for catalytic performance. 相似文献
54.
天然茶皂素的提取及泡沫性能 总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5
茶皂素是一种天然的表面活性剂 ,通过几种浸取剂的研究 ,表明 60 %甲醇溶液为最好浸取剂。浸取温度 40℃~ 50℃ ,浸取时间 4 5h左右。浸取的茶皂素与多种表面活性剂比较 ,说明它是一种发泡性好、泡沫稳定性优良的发泡剂 相似文献
55.
Michael Bowker 《Topics in Catalysis》1996,3(3-4):461-468
STM has been combined with molecular beam rate measurements to gain an understanding of the oxidative dehydrogenation of methanol to produce formaldehyde, both at the macroscopic and microscopic level. From this a model of the reaction is developed where the methanol initial reacts at very few active oxygen sites located at the short sides of oxygen islands on the Cu(110) surface. Such sites are very much rarer on a surface which is saturated with 0.5 monolayers of oxygen and the reaction rate is initially very low, but shows autocatalytic behaviour, rising in time as vacancies are created in the oxygen layer. 相似文献
56.
The effect of adding an oxygenated poison (O2, CO or H2O) to a hydrogen/nitrogen stream producing ammonia over a triply promoted (K2O, CaO, Al2O3) commercial catalyst is not unsurprisingly rapidly to poison the catalyst. However, immediately the oxygenated poison reacts with the catalyst and before total poisoning has occurred, which in these experiments took 10 min, there was an explosive release of ammonia producing concentrations in the gas phase in excess of the equilibrium value. This is thought to be due to a convulsive reorganisation of the surface of the catalyst in forming regions of an oxide overlayer, resulting in the expulsion of the standing surface nitrogen atom coverage as ammonia. However, in contradistinction to the observation of complete poisoning of the triply promoted catalyst shortly after switching the water (2.9%) into the hydrogen/nitrogen stream, when polycrystalline iron was used as the catalyst, after the initial pulse of ammonia was observed, the small quantity of water (2.9%) in the hydrogen/nitrogen stream resulted in an increased rate ( ×3) of ammonia synthesis which declined only slightly over the twenty minute duration of the experiment. The difference in behaviour between the triply promoted catalyst and the polycrystalline iron is thought to be due to the relative ease of reduction of the latter, so that submonolayer quantities of oxide can be stabilised on the surface of the polycrystalline iron. The promoting effect of this oxide overlayer is either structural or electronic; no distinction can be made from these experiments. The technique of injecting either O2 or CO into a hydrogen/nitrogen stream which is producing ammonia over promoted catalysts in quantities insufficient to cause complete poisoning and measuring the oxygen coverage of the catalyst to a measured decrease in the ammonia synthesis rate, appears to be a ready, in situ method for the determination of the active catalyst area. 相似文献
57.
Zhen-Xue Liu Jung-Nam Park S. H. R. Abdi Seung-Kyu Park Yong-Ki Park Chul Wee Lee 《Topics in Catalysis》2006,39(3-4):221-226
In this paper, the ethylene adsorption capacities of the nano-sized carbon hollow spheres (CNB) and active carbon (AC), the
Pd (PdCl2) impregnated CNB or AC (Pd/CNB, Pd/AC) and heat treatment under various conditions, were studied at different ethylene concentrations
from 64 to 1060 ppm. The results indicated that AC had a good ethylene adsorption capacity at high ethylene concentration.
Pd impregnation decreased the ethylene adsorption capacity of AC. Heat treatment and H2 activation could increase the ethylene adsorption capacity, but also lowered than AC itself. CNB had lower ethylene adsorption
capacity than AC, but heat treatment and H2 activation could increase its ethylene adsorption capacity markedly. With activating condition from heat treatment in N2 at 300 °C to activation in H2/N2 at 100 °C, to activation in H2 at 200 °C, and to activation in H2 at 300 °C, the ethylene adsorption capacity of Pd/CNB was increased regularly. At low ethylene concentration, viz., 64 ppm,
the ethylene adsorption quantities (q
a) by Pd/CNB activated in H2 at 200 or 300 °C were higher than any other adsorbents. So, activated in H2 atmosphere at higher than 100 °C, Pd/CNB is particularly advantaged for adsorbing low concentration of ethylene. Amongst
all the adsorbents used, Pd/CNB activated in H2 atmosphere at 300 °C for 2 h has the highest ethylene adsorption capacity at lower concentration than 125 ppm. In addition,
all the CNB, Pd/CNB, AC, and Pd/AC samples can be easily regenerated in airflow for more than 3 h. 相似文献
58.
59.
60.
In order to study the dehydrogenation of ethylbenzene to styrene, epitaxial iron oxide model catalyst films with Fe3O4(111), -Fe2O3(0001) and KFe
x
O
y
(111) stoichiometry were prepared in single crystal quality on Pt(111). They were investigated using surface science techniques before and after atmospheric pressure reaction experiments in a newly designed single crystal flow reactor. As expected from low-pressure measurements, Fe3O4(111) is catalytically inactive. The catalytic activity of -Fe2O3(0001) starts after an activation period of about 45 min. After that, the surface is essentially clean but shows a high concentration of defects. On the potassium-promoted films, however, the activation period is much longer, the activity then is higher and the surface gets covered completely with carbon and oxygen during reaction. This indicates a different reaction pathway on the promoted films with a carbon–oxygen species as catalytically active species. 相似文献