直纺熔体输送管道的设计

介绍了熔体管道设计中管道壁厚选择、熔体流量、熔体管道流动压力降和熔体流速等计算方法和设计要点。     

高模量低收缩型涤纶工业丝的生产及发展

叙述了国内外高模量低收缩涤纶工业丝的生产、发展及科技动向。国内发展应强调开发应用和上水平。     

Production of agrochemical from waste polyesters

In this study, agrochemical was produced from waste polyesters. Reactions of waste polyesters [poly (ethylene terephthalate) (PET) and poly (butylene terephthalate) (PBT)] powder with ethylene glycol (EG) in the presence of tetrahydrofurane (THF) using 0.003 mol lead acetate as a catalyst were carried out in a batch reactor at 470 K and at atmospheric pressure conditions. Reactions were undertaken with various particle size ranges from 50 to 512.5 μm, and reaction time from 30 to 70 min for reactions of polyesters. Low molecular weight product of polyester was obtained during this process. In the next stage, hydroxylamine hydrochloride (HAHC), cyclohexylamine (CHA), and potasium hydroxide (KOH) solution were introduced to convert low molecular weight product of polyester into terephthalohydroxamic acid (TPHA) by introduction of HCl (Hydrochloric Acid) as per stoichiometric requirement. TPHA can be used as an agrochemical (insecticide) with appreciable efficiency. To increase the polyester conversion rate, external catalyst (0.003 mol lead acetate) was introduced during the reaction. The product was deposited on the surface of unreacted polyester, which was removed from the surface by introducing dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO). To accelerate the reaction rate, DMSO, CHA, and THF were introduced during the reaction, which has an industrial significance. Depolymerization of polyester was proportional to the reaction time. Depolymerization of polyester was inversely proportional to the particle size of polyester. Analyses of value‐added product (TPHA) and byproducts [EG and BD (1,4‐butanediol)] as well as polyesters were undertaken. A kinetic model is developed, and experimental data simulated with it, which was consistent with the model. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 100: 2504–2510, 2006     

PET/PTT复合纤维的卷曲性能与形态结构

以POY-DT和FDY工艺获得的不同规格、本色和有色PET/PTT复合纤维为研究对象,考察了纤维规格、工艺路线和色母粒对PET/PTT复合纤维的卷缩性能的影响,表征了复合纤维的轴向形态结构与断面结构,研究了纤维力学性能.结果表明,PET/PTT复合纤维的卷曲性能随着线密度的增加而升高,在130 dtex附近达到峰值;本...     

Synthesis and applications of unsaturated polyester resins based on PET waste

Three types of unsaturated polyester resins were synthesized from the glycolysis of polyethylene terephthalate (PET) plastic waste, considering environment, cost and properties for their applications. These synthesized unsaturated polyester resins could be used for various construction processes and materials such as no dig pipelining (NDR-1), pultrusion (PLR-1) and polymer concrete (PCR-1). PET was taken from common soft-drink bottles, and ethylene glycol (EG), diethylene glycol (DEG) and MPdiol glycol mixtures were used for the depolymerization at molar ratios. The glycolyzed PET 1 ^st products (oligomers) were reacted with maleic anhydride, phthalic anhydride and dicyclopentadiene (DCPD) (especially for polymer concrete) to form unsaturated polyester resins with mixed styrene. The lab scale (1–5 kg) and pilot plant scale-up tests (200 kg) were experimented to evaluate the processing characteristics, viscosity, acid number and curing behaviors. The main properties such as hardness, flexural strength, tensile strength, heat distortion temperature, elongation, and chemical resistance were determined based on the various uses of the three resins. Furthermore, the applicability and the properties of these developed resins were verified through many real application tests.     

仿真丝改性涤纶研究——Ⅱ.改性涤纶树脂可纺性

PET-SIPM和PET-SIPM-PEG改性涤纶树脂与纯PET树脂按一定的配比进行共混熔融纺丝,制得仿真丝改性涤纶。讨论了改性涤纶树脂的热性能和流变性能对其可纺性的影响,并对改性涤纶纺丝工艺控制及纤维的结构和性能进行了论述。研究表明,PET-SIPM/PET和PET-SIPM-PEG(M_n=200)/PET改性涤纶的可纺性与纯涤纶相匹敌,符合仿真丝纤维的要求。     

我国涤纶工业的发展现状和建议

叙述了我国涤纶的发展历史、现状及发展趋势。分析了目前涤纶行业存在的主要问题，指出今后涤纶的发展应着眼于国内外两个市场，除发展衣着用涤纶外，应进一步向装饰用和产业用领域扩大，同时发展原料工业。     

低速纺制8.3tex三角异形有光PET长丝——Ⅰ.前纺工艺研究

用VC403纺丝机纺制题示纤维。对设备及工艺进行了改进:在切片干燥前加入0.01%的硬酯酸钙,以增加切片的润滑性能;干燥升温阶段放慢升温速率,冷却阶段通入减湿空气。在切片含水率≤0.006%的情况下,纺丝温度应控制比同规格半消光PET高8—12℃;吹风温度为40—50℃,吹风速度0.2—0.3m/s;加强喷丝板保温;改进吹风窗结构及设计水字形喷丝孔形。     

麻赛尔/涤纶交织针织物服用性能的研究

根据麻赛尔纱线的特点,利用其与涤纶交织开发针织面料,对麻赛尔/涤纶交织针织物的透气性、透湿性、水洗尺寸变化、起毛起球性、硬挺度以及顶破强力进行了测试和分析,并利用模糊综合评价系统对3种试样的服用性能作了综合评价,结果显示麻赛尔与涤纶合理地进行交织时具有较好的服用性能.     

Chemical,thermal, and mechanical properties and ultraviolet transmittance of novel nano-hydroxyapatite/polyethylene terephthalate milk bottles

Polyethylene terephthalate (PET)/nano-hydroxyapatite (nHAp) composite granules were obtained using twin-screw extruder. Preforms were prepared by injection molding and then PET/nHAp bottles were produced by blow molding. For PET bottles with nHAp, the migration amounts of carboxylic acid (COOH), acetaldehyde (AA), diethylene glycol (DEG), and isophthalic acid (IPA); glass transition temperature (T_g); melting temperature (T_m); and the maximum crystallization temperature (T_cry) were measured. The load-carrying capacity, burst strength, stress cracking, and regional material distribution tests were carried out on the bottles. X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, differential scanning calorimetry, and ultraviolet transmittance analyses were conducted to explain the changes in mechanical, chemical, physical properties, and light transmission of bottles. It was found out that the COOH amount increased and the AA content decreased with increasing nHAp amount. On the other hand, no change was observed in the amounts of DEG and IPA. Although the mechanical properties such as load-carrying capacity and burst strength of the bottles have improved, it has been determined that the standard environmental stress crack resistance test procedure cannot be applied to such a composite. Experimental findings indicate that nHAp disrupts the chemical structure of PET and it isolates harmful chemicals such as AA by forming intermolecular bonds. Moreover, with the addition of up to 0.8% nHAp, PET bottles block the light transmission approximately 80% within 400–700 nm wave length zone. The study demonstrates that the PET/nHAp composite bottles can be used in the food industry, particularly in the packaging of milk and milk products which are vulnerable to light exposure.