基于实例的隐喻理解与生成

语言中的明喻可以看作是带标记的隐喻,比较容易识别,为隐喻的理解和生成提供了很好的知识源.利用web搜索引擎大规模获取明喻实例,自动构建明喻知识库.基于明喻知识库,考察了汉语隐喻的源域分布情况;提出了一个基于实例的隐喻自动理解和生成方法.实验结果表明,隐喻的理解和生成均取得了较高的准确率.该方法具有很好的可扩展性.明喻知识库中所表达的概念之间的组合关系也可以用于其他多种自然语言处理任务.     

Characterization of AlPO systems,precursors of the novel basic catalyst family AlPON

XPS and DRIFTS (diffuse reflectance infrared spectroscopy) spectra of AlPO systems, formally AlPO₄-Al₂O₃, obtained by the sol-gel method have been studied in order to understand their geometric and electronic structure. Both DRIFTS and XPS demonstrate that the acidbase character of these samples depends on a structural modification. For low phosphorus content an amorphous spinel-like solid is proposed. This geometric arrangement alters the electronic density of oxide ions and phosphorus cations and hence their Lewis acid-base properties with respect to the amorphous solid having aluminium and phosphorus only in tetrahedral arrangement.     

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国有企业要建立符合审场经济要求的现代企业制度,中心任务是建立现代公司法人制度和组织制度,并逐步实现产权的多元化。但天然气行业具有由输送网络等形成的自然垄断特征和行业总公司具有的双重职能（行政职能、法人团体）,因而管理不明晰,产业政策不明确,给体制改革带来很大困难。这些难点主要有：①对现在天然气的成本不完全和油气资源的流动矿藏特征,如何进行资产评估和产权界定;②企业组织由行政机构演变而来,如何建立法人治理机构;③如何建立内、外部约束机制;④如何处理计划经济时代遗留下来的“大而全”、“小而全”、“企业办社会”、冗员过多等问题。最后提出了公司制改造方案和政府管制方式。     

Blind omnidirectional image quality assessment with representative features and viewport oriented statistical features

With the development of information technologies, various types of streaming images are generated, such as videos, graphics, Virtual Reality (VR)/omnidirectional images (OIs), etc. Among them, the OIs usually have a broader view and a higher resolution, which provides human an immersive visual experience in a head-mounted display. However, the current image quality assessment works cannot achieve good performance without considering representative human visual features and visual viewing characteristics of OIs, which limited OIs’ further development. Motivated by the above problem, this work proposes a blind omnidirectional image quality assessment (BOIQA) model based on representative features and viewport oriented statistical features. Specifically, we apply the local binary pattern operator to encoder the cross-channel color information, and apply the weighted LBP to extract the structural features. Then the local natural scene statistics (NSS) features are extracted by using the viewport sampling to boost the performance. Finally, we apply support vector regression to predict the OIs’ quality score, and experimental results on CVIQD2018 and OIQA2018 Databases prove that the proposed model achieves better performance than state-of-the-art OIQA models.     

A Materials Perspective on Direct Recycling of Lithium-Ion Batteries: Principles,Challenges and Opportunities

As the dominant means of energy storage technology today, the widespread deployment of lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) would inevitably generate countless spent batteries at their end of life. From the perspectives of environmental protection and resource sustainability, recycling is a necessary strategy to manage end-of-life LIBs. Compared with traditional hydrometallurgical and pyrometallurgical recycling methods, the emerging direct recycling technology, rejuvenating spent electrode materials via a non-destructive way, has attracted rising attention due to its energy efficient processes along with increased economic return and reduced CO₂ footprint. This review investigates the state-of-the-art direct recycling technologies based on effective relithiation through solid-state, aqueous, eutectic solution and ionic liquid mediums and thoroughly discusses the underlying regeneration mechanism of each method regarding different battery chemistries. It is concluded that direct regeneration can be a more energy-efficient, cost-effective, and sustainable way to recycle spent LIBs compared with traditional approaches. Additionally, it is also identified that the direct recycling technology is still in its infancy with several fundamental and technological hurdles such as efficient separation, binder removal and electrolyte recovery. In addressing these remaining challenges, this review proposes an outlook on potential technical avenues to accelerate the development of direct recycling toward industrial applications.     

Maximum Power Extraction Control Algorithm for Hybrid Renewable Energy System

In this research, a modified fractional order proportional integral derivate (FOPID) control method is proposed for the photovoltaic (PV) and thermoelectric generator (TEG) combined hybrid renewable energy system. The faster tracking and steady-state output are aimed at the suggested maximum power point tracking (MPPT) control technique. The derivative order number (µ) value in the improved FOPID (also known as PI^λD^µ) control structure will be dynamically updated utilizing the value of change in PV array voltage output. During the transient, the value of µ is changeable; it’s one at the start and after reaching the maximum power point (MPP), allowing for strong tracking characteristics. TEG will use the freely available waste thermal energy created surrounding the PV array for additional power generation, increasing the system’s energy conversion efficiency. A high-gain DC-DC converter circuit is included in the system to maintain a high amplitude DC input voltage to the inverter circuit. The proposed approach’s performance was investigated using an extensive MATLAB software simulation and validated by comparing findings with the perturbation and observation (P&O) type MPPT control method. The study results demonstrate that the FOPID controller-based MPPT control outperforms the P&O method in harvesting the maximum power achievable from the PV-TEG hybrid source. There is also a better control action and a faster response.     

Personalized voice activated grasping system for a robotic exoskeleton glove

This paper proposes a novel human machine interface (HMI) and electronics system design to control a rehabilitation robotic exoskeleton glove. Such system can be activated with the user’s voice, take voice commands as input, recognize the command and perform biometric authentication in real-time with limited computing power, and execute the command on the exoskeleton. The electronics design is a stand-alone plug-and-play modulated design independent of the exoskeleton design. This personalized voice activated grasping system achieves better wearability, lower latency, and improved security than any existing exoskeleton glove control system.     

面向网络节点的新能源高占比系统消纳阻力精细化评估

随着新能源装机容量的不断提升,新能源高占比系统弃风弃光问题严峻,开展新能源消纳问题研究,精确定位新能源消纳阻力对提升新能源消纳措施的制定有重要意义。文中提出一种面向网络节点的电力系统新能源消纳阻力精细化评估方法。首先,基于潮流追踪算法将网络节点潮流划分为常规机组注入、新能源注入和负荷流出三部分;其次,从网络节点角度建立调峰、调频及节点电压偏差约束与新能源消纳的数学关系模型,计及三者耦合关系分析网络节点弃电情况;然后,构建基于网络节点的新能源消纳阻力评估模型并求解,定位系统中新能源消纳的关键节点,明确各节点新能源消纳制约因素并量化新能源消纳阻力;最后,基于改进IEEE 39节点系统设计算例,验证了评估方法的有效性。所提评估方法可为电力部门采取措施以提升新能源消纳提供依据。     

Structure and Magnetic Property Control of Copper Hydroxide Acetate by Non‐Classical Crystallization

Copper hydroxide acetate (CHA), one layered hydroxide compound with tunable magnetism, attracts great interest because of its potential applications in memory devices. However, ferromagnetism for CHA is only demonstrated by means of GPa pressure. Herein, a new method is reported, involving the combination of different crystallization pathways to control crystallization of amorphous CHA toward the formation of CHA/polymer composites with tunable magnetic properties and even a tunability that can be tested at room temperature. By using poly[(ethylene glycol)₆ methyl ether methacrylate]‐block‐poly[2‐(acetoacetoxy) ethyl methacrylate] (PEGMA‐b‐PAEMA) diblock copolymers as additives in combination with a post‐treatment process by ultracentrifugation, it is demonstrated that CHA and PEGMA‐b‐PAEMA form composites exhibiting different magnetic properties, depending on CHA in‐plane nanostructures. Analytical characterization reveals that crystallization of CHA is induced by ultracentrifugation, during which CHA nanostructures can be well controlled by changing the degrees of polymerization of the PEGMA and PAEMA blocks and their block length ratios. These findings not only present the first example of using crystallization from polymer stabilized amorphous precursors toward the generation of magnetic nanomaterials with tunable magnetism but also pave the way for the future design of functional composite materials.     

A Novel and Facile Route to Synthesize Atomic‐Layered MoS2 Film for Large‐Area Electronics

High‐quality and large‐area molybdenum disulfide (MoS₂) thin film is highly desirable for applications in large‐area electronics. However, there remains a challenge in attaining MoS₂ film of reasonable crystallinity due to the absence of appropriate choice and control of precursors, as well as choice of suitable growth substrates. Herein, a novel and facile route is reported for synthesizing few‐layered MoS₂ film with new precursors via chemical vapor deposition. Prior to growth, an aqueous solution of sodium molybdate as the molybdenum precursor is spun onto the growth substrate and dimethyl disulfide as the liquid sulfur precursor is supplied with a bubbling system during growth. To supplement the limiting effect of Mo (sodium molybdate), a supplementary Mo is supplied by dissolving molybdenum hexacarbonyl (Mo(CO)₆) in the liquid sulfur precursor delivered by the bubbler. By precisely controlling the amounts of precursors and hydrogen flow, full coverage of MoS₂ film is readily achievable in 20 min. Large‐area MoS₂ field effect transistors (FETs) fabricated with a conventional photolithography have a carrier mobility as high as 18.9 cm² V^?1 s^?1, which is the highest reported for bottom‐gated MoS₂‐FETs fabricated via photolithography with an on/off ratio of ≈10⁵ at room temperature.