炼油厂全流程优化建模方法研究

为了克服使用线性规划和单处理单元非线性规划进行生产优化的内在缺点，在建立原油单元、催化裂化、催化重整和汽油调合等4个重要处理单元详细模型的基础上，将单处理单元非线性过程模型集成到一个全流程优化非线性模型中。优化的目标函数是使炼油厂全厂利润最大。决策变量是那些显著影响全厂效益的变量，约束条件是单个处理单元约束条件的集合。对某炼油厂进行实例研究，结果表明该全流程模型能有效处理全厂优化问题，所得利润在线性规划的基础上提高4．5％。     

渤海绥中油田J3井疏水缔合聚合物驱数值模拟研究

为了进一步提高渤海油田J3井区缔合聚合物驱的技术经济效果,在渤海油田室内配方和先导性矿场试验研究基础上,利用化学驱油藏数值模拟软件FAPMS,分析和研究了高浓度缔合聚合物前置段塞、主段塞的大小和浓度以及段塞组合方式对驱油效果的影响,优化设计了渤海绥中油田J3井区块矿场试验的最佳注入程序及段塞大小。结果表明,通过对不同浓度的疏水缔合聚合物注入的前置段塞及主段塞和梯度式后续段塞的优化后,原油采收率比未优化时提高了约10个百分点。研究表明,渤海油田应该高度重视聚合物驱的注入方式和段塞优化设计,进一步提高聚合物的技术经济效果。     

宝浪油田宝北区块低渗透油藏层系优化研究

针对宝浪油田宝北区块低孔低渗油藏地质特征以及油层层数多、分布井段长、部分零散层动用难度大等问题 ,研究了宝北区有效厚度、油层层数、单井产能及单井控制地质储量等层系划分与组合的技术经济界限 ,并在此基础上进行了宝北区层系划分与组合优化论证 ,最终优选出宝北区开发层系     

Profiling Voids Embedded in a Slab by a Non-Linear Model

In this paper, by applying a non linear model for the electromagnetic inverse scattering, a technique for the dielectric profiling of a planarly layered medium is investigated and applied to void localization and diagnostics inside a homogeneous lossless slab (one-dimensional geometry). Data are collected under plane wave multifrequency normal incidence. Suitable finite dimensional representations for the unknown functions are introduced and their influence on the model is discussed. The resulting functional equation is solved by the method of weighted residuals and the solution algorithm amounts to minimizing a non quadratic function, where particular attention is devoted to reduce the occurrence of local minima. Finally, the inversion algorithm is validated by applications to both simulated and experimental data.     

A Neural Network Approach for Signal Detection in Digital Communications

In this paper, we propose a new approach for signal detection in wireless digital communications based on the neural network with transient chaos and time-varying gain (NNTCTG), and give a concrete model of the signal detector after appropriate transformations and mappings. It is well known that the problem of the maximum likelihood signal detection can be described as a complex optimization problem that has so many local optima that conventional Hopfield-type neural networks fail to solve. By refraining from the serious local optima problem of Hopfield-type neural networks, the NNTCTG makes use of the time-varying parameters of the recurrent neural network to control the evolving behavior of the network so that the network undergoes the transition from chaotic behavior to gradient convergence. It has richer and more flexible dynamics rather than conventional neural networks only with point attractors, so that it can be expected to have much ability to search for globally optimal or near-optimal solutions. After going through a transiently inverse-bifurcation process, the NNTCTG can approach the global optimum or the neighborhood of global optimum of our problem. Simulation experiments have been performed to show the effectiveness and validation of the proposed neural network based method for the signal detection in digital communications.     

8Li次级束的产生

在北京串列加速器次级束流线上通过2 H(7Li,8Li) 1H逆运动学反应产生了用于核天体物理研究的8Li次级束。准直后的次级束纯度达到 80 %以上 ,对于 44MeV的7Li强度约为 3 0s- 1·pnA- 1,可以用来进行逆几何转移反应的实验测量。     

Modelling the impact of energy taxation

Energy taxation in Sweden is complicated and strongly guides and governs district energy production. Consequently, there is a need for methods for accurate calculation and analysis of effects that different energy tax schemes may have on district energy utilities. Here, a practicable method to analyse influence of such governmental policy measures is demonstrated. The Swedish Government has for some years now been working on a reform of energy taxation, and during this process, several interest groups have expressed their own proposals for improving and developing the system of energy taxation. Together with the present system of taxation, four new alternatives, including the proposed directive of the European Commission, are outlined in the paper. In a case study, an analysis is made of how the different tax alternatives may influence the choice of profitable investments and use of energy carriers in a medium‐sized district‐heating utility. The calculations are made with a linear‐programming model framework. By calculating suitable types and sizes of new investments, if any, and the operation of existing and potential plants, total energy costs are minimized. Results of the analysis include the most profitable investments, which fuel should be used, roughly when during a year plants should be in operation, and at what output. In most scenarios, the most profitable measure is to invest in a waste incineration plant. However, a crucial assumption is, with reference to the new Swedish waste disposal act, a significant income from incinerating refuse. Without this income, different tax schemes result in different technical solutions being most profitable. An investment in cogeneration seems possible in only one scenario. It is also found that particular features of some alternatives seem to oppose both main governmental policy goals, and intentions of the district heating company. Copyright © 2002 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Influence of the intrinsic layer characteristics on a-Si:H p–i–n solar cell performance analysed by means of a computer simulation

In this paper a set of one-dimensional simulations of a-Si:H p–i–n junctions under different illumination conditions and with different intrinsic layer are presented. The simulation program ASCA permits the analysis of the internal electrical behaviour of the cell allowing a comparison among the different internal configurations determined by a change in the input set. Results about the internal electric configuration will be presented and discussed outlining their influence on the current tension characteristic curve. Considerations about the drift–diffusion and the generation–recombination balance distributions, outlined by the simulation, can be used to explain the correlation between the basic device output, the i-layer characteristics (thickness and DOS), the incident radiation intensity and photon energy.     

多输入单输出逆高斯分布流域汇流模型

本文将逆高斯分布应用于由水库和区间组成的复杂的流域汇流系统，并建立了多输入单输出逆高斯单位线模型。讨论了模型参数的估计方法，并对沾益流域的雨洪资料进行了实例分析。