Prediction of outcome from intensive care after gastroenterologic emergency

Prognostic factors determining the outcome from intensive care were studied in 952 patients admitted to 25 Finnish ICUs after gastroenterologic emergency. Logistic regression analysis was used to create predictive models based on the APACHE II–system. The models were constructed by using data from a random two–thirds of the study population and validated in the remaining independent one–third together with the original APACHE II–index. The Acute Physiology Score, age, and a pre–existing liver disease were the three most important determinants of outcome. The inclusion of the TISS score describing the intensity of treatment into a model did not enhance the accuracy of the prediction. Our models were better calibrated than the original APACHE II–equation when tested by the goodness–of–fit –statistics. These statistical models may help the clinicians to predict the outcome for an individual patient by providing them information about the relative impacts of predictive factors or about the probability of death. These probabilities should be interpreted cautiously, taking into acount the limitations of statistical methods. This is especially important when assessing the highrisk patients. Their number in our study was too low for accurate outcome prediction.     

血清sIL—2r表达水平与脓毒血症的严重程度及预后的关系

目的：探讨脓毒血症患者血清中可溶性白细胞介素２受体（ｓＩＬ２ｒ）的表达水平以及与该病严重程度及预后的关系。方法：采用双抗体夹心酶联免疫分析法检测２９例脓毒血症患者血清ｓＩＬ２ｒ表达水平的动态变化，并以３０例正常人作为对照；用ＡＰＡＣＨＥⅡ评分方法对脓毒血症患者进行疾病严重度评分。结果：①脓毒血症患者血清ｓＩＬ２ｒ表达水平较正常人明显升高（Ｐ＜００１）；②脓毒血症患者中死亡者与存活者的血清ｓＩＬ２ｒ表达水平比较，感染初期及晚期死亡者明显高于存活者（Ｐ＜００５）；③以本组患者感染ｄ１的ＡＰＡＣＨＥⅡ评分的中位数１６为分界点，将患者分为２组，２组的血清ｓＩＬ２ｒ水平有显著差别（Ｐ＜００５）。结论：脓毒血症患者血清ｓＩＬ２ｒ表达水平明显升高；该指标与脓毒血症患者的疾病的严重程度及预后有密切的关系。此项指标的检测对判断脓毒血症患者的病情严重度及预后可能有重要意义     

Benign coital headache

We studied the natural history of patients with a diagnosis of benign coital headache who presented to a private neurological clinic between the years 1978 and 1991. Thirty-two patients (24M, 8F) were invited to participate and 26 patients (83%) responded. The period of follow-up ranged from six months to 14 years (median 6 years). Thirteen patients (50%) had recurrent attacks of coital headache epochs separated by intervals of up to 10 years. Eleven of these patients suffered a concomitant primary headache whereas this was present in only one of those patients without recurrent attacks of coital headache (p < 0.001). In all but one patient, who had a transient blurred vision, the headache was not accompanied by nausea, vomiting, visual disturbances, sensory/motor disturbances, or unconsciousness. We concluded that benign coital headache can be clearly distinguished from headaches due to cerebral aneurysm or arteriovenous malformation rupture. The presence of a concomitant primary headache syndrome is a risk-factor for recurrence of coital headache.     

Adenoma malignum (minimal deviation adenocarcinoma) of the cervix responsive to hormonal treatment

Adenoma malignum (AM) is a rare variant of cervical adenocarcinoma with an unfavorable prognosis despite radiation therapy, surgery, or chemotherapy either alone or in combination. Hitherto, however, the effectiveness of hormonal therapy for this condition has not been evaluated. We report on a patient with cervical AM treated with progesterone before surgery. The progesterone therapy resulted in a complete clinical response and partial surgical response. Later on the treatment was changed to tamoxifen because of side effects of the progesterone treatment. The patient is still without evidence of disease 42 months after the start of the hormonal therapy. The progesterone receptor analysis on the biopsy was clearly positive. This is, to our knowledge, the first case of an AM responsive to hormonal treatment. Furthermore, this is the first case of an AM with bone metastases at the time of primary diagnosis.     

269例10万元以上住院费用及影响因素分析

目的分析高额住院费用的成因及影响因素,以控制医疗费用的过快增长.方法选择某综合医院2002年住院费用在10万元以上的病例共269例,分析其费用构成,并对其影响因素进行多元回归分析.结果269例病人的平均费用为159 765元,以治疗费最高,所占比例为51.32%,药费其次,所占比例为36.25%.住院费用的影响因素为:住院天数、院内感染和预后.结论降低过高的住院费用要缩短无效住院日、控制院内感染以及减少无效的治疗和用药.     

新生儿多器官功能衰竭93例临床分析

本文报告新生儿多器官功能衰竭（ＭＯＦ）９３例，其中治愈２８例，死亡６５例（病死率为６９．８９％）。阐述了ＭＯＦ的发生机制，对其器官衰竭的数目、患儿的成熟度及体温与预后的关系进行了分析。指出新生儿器官功能衰竭发生率最高者为呼吸衰竭（９４．６２％）；认为器官衰竭的数目越多，患儿成熟度（日龄、胎龄、体重）越差，体温越低病死率越高；强调新生儿ＭＯＦ的预后和器官衰竭的不同组合密切相关。     

颊鳞状细胞癌组织中血管内皮生长因子的表达

目的 :研究颊鳞状细胞癌 (颊癌 )组织中血管内皮生长因子 (VEGF)表达与颊癌细胞生长、转移及预后的关系。方法 :用免疫组织化学法对 37例颊癌标本进行染色 ,观察VEGF的阳性表达率 ,并结合病理和随访资料作统计分析。结果 :37例颊癌组织中VEGF的总阳性表达率为 91 .89% ,有淋巴结转移者VEGF强阳性占 69.2 3 % ,无淋巴结转移者VEGF强阳性占 33 .33 % (χ2 =6 .48,P <0 .0 1 ) ;VEGF和肿瘤浸润深度密切相关 (r =4.54 ,P <0 .0 1 ) ;5a生存组VEGF阳性率低于 5a内死亡组 (χ2 =3 .90 ,P <0 .0 5) ;COX分析结果表明VEGF可作为独立的预后判断指标 (风险比 =2 .90 ,χ2 =7.95 ,P <0 .0 1 )。结论 :VEGF在颊癌生长转移中发挥重要作用 ,可以作为颊癌预后的指标     

人脑胶质瘤中cyclinD1/bcl-1和p27/kip1的表达与病理、预后的相关性研究

目的 :研究cyclinD1 bcl 1和p2 7 kip1在脑胶质瘤中表达及其与病理分级和患者预后的关系。方法 :用免疫法组化技术对 4 8例不同恶性程度 (WHO分类法 )的脑胶质瘤组织和 12例非肿瘤组织中cyclinD1 bc1 1和p2 7 kip1蛋白的表达作了检测 ,用图像分析系统定量分析 ,并与临床资料紧密相联系进行统计学处理。结果 :两种蛋白的免疫反应复合物定位于细胞核。其在脑胶质瘤中的阳性表达都高于非肿瘤组织 (P <0 0 5 ) ,cyclinD1 bcl 1阳性颜色的数量和强度都随肿瘤的恶性程度升高而增加 (P <0 0 5 ) ,相反p2 7 kip1阳性染色的数量和强度都随肿瘤的恶性程度升高而降低 (P <0 0 5 )。cyclinD1 bcl 1的高表达或 和p2 7 kip1的低表达预示着预后差。结论 :CyclinD1 bcl 1和p2 7 kip1的异常表达可能与脑胶质瘤的发生发展密切相关 ,二者可能有协同作用。二者的表达都可作为判断预后的一个指标     

25例产道血肿及其预后的临床分析

目的：探讨产道血肿形成的病因，临床处理及预后。方法：选取2001年8月至2006年8月阴道分娩的4000例产妇，其中25例发生产道血肿，对其进行回顾性分析，通过分析其病因，临床处理及转归，对该病的预防，诊治经验和教训进行总结评价。结果：产道血肿的发生率为0．625％，经过积极有效的处理，25例发生产道血肿的产妇均痊愈。结论：分娩过程中，应仔细询问产妇病史，对存在有可能发生出血倾向的高危孕妇应严密观察，争取做到早发现；而已发生血肿的产妇，应针对不同病因早治疗，以改善产妇的预后。