高效燃煤机组关键技术研究进展

提高燃煤电厂的热效率可以实现节能与CO2减排的双重效果。欧盟的"在700℃运行的超临界煤粉锅炉发电即AD700计划"和美国的"超超临界蒸汽计划(USC)"的主要工作是把蒸汽参数提高到700℃,甚至760℃,从而大幅提高机组的热效率。研究表明,开发新的热力系统,缩小卡诺缺口和提高蒸汽参数都可以提高热效率,二者结合可以将现机组效率提高到50%,甚至更高水平。我国可以在欧盟AD700以及美国USC计划的基础上创立一个E50+(效率大于50%)计划平台,集中力量在短期内实现除耐高温材料之外的关键技术研发和示范电站的建设。     

Enhanced methane fermentation of municipal sewage sludge by microbial electrochemical systems integrated with anaerobic digestion

Sewage sludge from a municipal wastewater treatment plant was fed into a microbial electrochemical system, combined with an anaerobic digester (MES-AD), for enhanced methane production and sludge stabilization. The effect of thermally pretreating the sewage sludge on MES-AD performance was investigated. These results were compared to those obtained from control operations, in which the sludge was not pretreated or MES integration was absent. The soluble chemical oxygen demand (SCOD) in the raw sewage sludge after pretreatment was 31% higher than the SCOD in untreated sludge (5804.85 mg/L vs. 4441.46 mg/mL). The methane yield and proportion of methane in biogas generated by the MES-AD were higher than those of the control systems, regardless of the pretreatment process. The maximum methane yield (0.28 L CH₄/g COD) and methane production (1139 mL) were obtained with the MES inoculated with pretreated sewage sludge. Methane yield and production with this system using pretreated sewage were 47% and 56% higher, respectively, than those of the control (0.19 L CH₄/g COD, 730 mL). Additionally, the maximum SCOD removal (89%) and current generation were obtained with the MES inoculated with a pretreated substrate. These results suggested that sewage sludge could be efficiently stabilized with enhanced methane production by synergistic combination of MES-AD system with pretreatment process.     

Biological characteristics of [~(18)F]-THK523 for tau imaging

Reliable and non-invasive diagnostic tools are highly valuable for successful therapeutic strategies for the treatment of Alzheimer's disease(AD). The existence of neurofibrillary tangles(NFTs) consisting of tau protein are one kind of the pathological features of AD, and its level of severity is correlated with the stage of AD.However, no clinically approved positron emission tomography(PET) probe is currently available for selective imaging of neurofibrillary tangles on patients. In this paper, we report our studies on biological characteristics of [18F]-THK523 as a novel tau imaging probe. With low molecular weight, [18F]-THK523 is stable, electrically neutral, lipophilic and non-mass concentration-dependent. Preliminary biological studies have shown the excellent properties of [18F]-THK523 as brain imaging tracer for further research.     

基于FPGA的多通道采集传输模块的设计

由于多通道体制的声纳具有高信噪比和高精度等特性,它已经成为当前声纳的主流。因此,多通道信号的实时、高效采集尤为关键。本文提出了一种基于FPGA的多通道声纳采集模块,它利用FPGA产生AD芯片的控制信号,并将采集到的串行数据转换为并行数据,最后将采集到的数据传至信号预处理模块。该设计具有高精度、低噪的特点,可同时对多路信号进行AD采集、处理和传输,采集数据有效位数达12bit,采样频率可达240Ksps。     

基于单片机的边检液体检测仪的设计

文章论述了一种以STC89C52单片机为主控制单元,以MQ138为甲醛传感器的边检液体检测仪系统。该检测系统可以实时检测甲醛浓度,并显示在LCD上,还会根据实际情况进行报警,以及警情记录和查询。系统设计了相关的硬件电路和相关应用程序。     

基于MSP430的简易阻抗测量仪设计

介绍一种数字化的简易阻抗测量仪设计方法,以MSP430单片机作为控制核心、CPLD进行数字信号处理,DDS信号发生器提供输入信号,通过高速A/D转换器AD7799,实现信号实时采样、数据处理和液晶显示,键盘做功能设置。该设计实现了RLC元件参数的实时测量、自动识别、结构判断和谐振频率测试等功能。测试结果表明该系统具有测试精度高、频率范围宽、可靠性好和性价比高等优点。     

基于FPGA的狄克型辐射计数据采集系统设计

为了对辐射计检波输出后的信号进行采集和存储,设计了一个基于FPGA的狄克型微波辐射计数据采集系统。该系统以FPGA芯片EP2C8Q208为主芯片,以AD7606为模数转换芯片,以SDRAM为存储芯片,并在SOPC中添加了自定义的IP核,进而在FPGA中搭建NIOS II软核来控制AD采集数据并将其存储到SDRAM中,同时也可通过串口或网口将其发到上位机中,该系统简化了电路并具有较好的可移植性。经试验验证,该系统能有效的工作。     

基于双相关算法的蓄电池交流阻抗测试研究

针对常见蓄电池交流阻抗测试方法精度不高的问题,提出了基于双相关算法的测试方法,给出了系统框图,阐述了测试原理。采用Lab VIEW 2011软件进行了两种方法的数学建模和仿真。结果表明,该阻抗测试方法能有效地抑制噪声干扰,可实现对蓄电池交流阻抗的精确测量。     

基于STM32的双通道石英晶体信号源设计

介绍了一种双通道石英晶体测试系统中信号源的设计方法,整个系统以直接数字频率合成技术为核心,以高稳定度恒温晶振为参考时钟,使用ARM微控制器实现对信号源的控制。该信号源具有4路输出、输出频率范围宽、频率转换速度快、频率分辨率高的优点,并且可以编程设定振幅、相位等,为石英晶体电参数测量提供了技术支持,提高了石英晶体测量的精度。测量统计结果表明:信号源输出频率精度高于±0.1 ppm,长期频率稳定度高于±0.1 ppm。     

基于无线传感网络的目标入侵监测系统设计

针对我国广阔的领土及漫长的边防无法实现大范围有效、灵活、低投入的值守警戒,设计了一种基于无线传感网络的目标入侵监测系统。以满足恶劣环境下大范围、长时间,信息准确的无人值守需求。并进行了相应的实验验证,结果表明,该系统可靠性好,功耗低,可实现目标自动监测。