Finite elements in the analysis of pressure vessels and piping-a bibliography (1976–1996)

The paper gives a bibliographical review of the finite element methods (FEMs) applied for the analysis of pressure vessel structures/components and piping from the theoretical as well as practical points of view. The range of applications of FEMs in this area is wide and cannot be presented in a single paper; therefore the aim of this review is to give the reader an encyclopaedic view of the differnt possibilities that exist today for the finite element analysis in the fields of pressure vessels and piping. The bibliography at the end of the paper contains approximately 1900 references to papers, conference proceedings and theses/dissertations on the subject that were published in 1976–1996. These are classified in the following categories: linear and non-linear, static and dynamic, stress and deflection analysis; stability problems; thermal problems; fracture mechanics problems; contact problems; fluid-structure interaction problems; manufacturing of pipes and tubes; welded pipes and pressure vessel components; development of special finite elements for pressure vessels and pipes; finite element software; and other topics. Also finite element software, general purpose and special purpose codes, used for the analysis of pressure vessels and pipes are briefly discussed and presented.     

井下储存式电子压力计的软件设计

周静等．井下储存式电子压力计的软件设计．测井技术，１９９４，１８（４）：２８１～２８７论述小功耗井下储存式电子压力计测试系统的组成及系统软件工作原理。利用软硬件结合的方式，来达到降低功耗之目的。特别是采用了软件监视定时器，以便提高系统的稳定性。系统的特点是功耗小，抗干扰能力强，稳定性好，精度高。它与袖珍计算机ＰＣ－Ｅ５００配合进行采集，处理和绘出压力恢复曲线。     

挡土墙填土曲线破裂面的地震主动土压力分析

在地震作用影响下，墙后填土处于极限平衡状态时，假定破裂面为一条通过墙趾的旋轮线。从墙后土楔中取出一微薄水平层，研究其在水平惯性力下的平衡，得到的地震土压力分布和土压力合力作用点位置均与实验结果相吻合。     

SIMILARITY LAW OF FLUCTUATING PRESSURE WITHIN HYDRAULIC JUMP AREA

Through a series of model tests of five scales for 2-D free hydraulic jump, the da-ta of fluctuating pressure acting on the floor level within the hydraulic jump were obtained. Dur-ing the experiments, Froude number varied from 2.94 to 8.61, and Reynolds number rangedfrom 2×10~4 to 6×10~5. Experiment results indicate that the amplitude scale of fluctuating pres-sure is the length scale of model, i. e. P'=L, which agrees with gravity similarity law: Thefrequency scale of the fluctuating pressure is a unity i. e., f=1, which does not satisfy thegravity similarity law.     

地震复合波地质属性的研究方法

在地震资料解释中,地震复合波的地质属性问题一直没有得到很好地解决。本文针对松辽盆地砂泥岩薄互层的地质特点,提出了用波形合成追踪法研究地震复合波地质属性的方法。该方法在地震复合波正演合成过程中有五个可以识别的特征界面,其中 C 界面是地震复合波形成的主导界面;C 至 D 界面间的地层为形成地震复合波的主要地层。因此,找准 C 界面深度是建立地震复合波与钻孔地层间有机联系的关键,对地震地质层位准确标定和利用地震剖面复合波波形信息进行岩性预测极为重要。文中的应用实例表明,用该方法在松辽盆地较好地建立了地震信息与地质信息间的对应关系,解决了一些疑难地质问题,取得了较好的勘探效果。     

铸造Ti—0.2Pd合金SF—1000双级风机叶轮的研制

Ｔｉ－０．２Ｐｄ合金ＳＦ－１０００双级风机叶轮是大型盐酸再生设备的主要部件，采用整体铸造方法制造，无论在技术上还是经济上都是十分有利的。本文主要介绍采用加工石墨，铸铁组合型，真空电弧凝壳熔炼铸造工艺，成功地研制出整体铸造风机叶轮。     

一种新型声波降粘防蜡装置

新型声波降粘防措装置由上、下接头、振动簧片和收缩喷嘴构成。装置安装在抽油泵泵简之下，尾管之上，在压差作用下井下流体以较大速度从装置的喷嘴射出，冲击振动簧片，产生机械振动声波，油水混合液在声波中产生相应的声波力学效应和分散乳化作用等，使混合液在油管内的粘度降低，蜡晶不易聚集长大，从而达到降粘防蜡延长油井热洗周期的目的。室内试验及现场近20口井的应用情况表明，这种装置具有结构简单、成本低廉、应用方便等特点，具有明显的降粘防蜡效果。     

脉冲波形对流化床性能的影响

本文从理论上分析了矩形波和正弦脉波气流对流化床操作性能的影响，发现矩形波在一定条件下优于正弦波的规律，并用实际进行了验证。     

Pyrolysis of tertiarybutylphosphine at low pressure

The pyrolysis of tertiarybutylphosphine (TBP) has been studied in the low pressure conditions used for chemical beam epitaxy (CBE). The pyrolysis studies were carried out in low pressure reactors of two different configurations, one of which is a cracker cell designed for use in a CBE system. The reaction products were studied using a quadrupole mass spectrometer. The products observed are accounted for by a reaction mechanism involving homolysis of the parent TBP molecule to produce PH₂ and C₄H₉ radicals. These undergo subsequent reactions to form the stable products C₄H₈, PH₃ and H₂, with smaller amounts of P and P₂ being produced. The production of the sub-hydride PH₂ using this cracker cell design indicates that the use of partially cracked TBP may be a promising technique for reducing the amount of carbon incorporated into the growing epitaxial layer.     

食品高压装置

高压装置是研究高压食品科学、开发和生产高压食品的核心设备，能否提供性能优良、价格相对便宜的装置是高压食品产业化的关键。本文系统介绍食品高压处理装置的类型、结构、性能、特点及最新研究进展，并就如何降低高压装置造价，提高生产能力等关键问题进行探讨。