对可压缩流体若干问题的讨论

根据气体幼力学中一维定常等熵等流的基本方程组,得出的一维定常等熵管流的速度变化与管截面变化关系式,定性一讨论了一维定常等熵管流的截面变化对气流速度的影响。     

用动力学法测杨氏模量实验及其实验装置的研制

介绍了新研制的用动力学法杨氏模量的实验装置,它具有功耗低,灵敏度高的特点;教学中测量悬线不同位置时的共振频率,用作图法拟合出其精确值,以减少由于悬线不在节点引起的系统性误差,测量精密度比传统的静态拉伸法高一个量级以上。     

非均匀孔隙内加热丝上的沸腾核化现象

本文利用可视化实验台对非均匀孔隙内加热铂丝上的沸腾核化和气泡动力学特性进行可视化观测,分类整理和对比分析了不同条件下的实验现象。实验表明,非均匀孔隙内加热丝上的沸腾核化具有空间区域性,气泡动力学特性包括界面传递、干涸与湿润过程在不同特征区域,如角缝区、稀疏区和密集区呈现出各自特征。     

The growth and modification of materials via ion–surface processing

A wide variety of gas phase ions with kinetic energies from 1–10⁷ eV increasingly are being used for the growth and modification of state-of-the-art material interfaces. Ions can be used to deposit thin films; expose fresh interfaces by sputtering; grow mixed interface layers from ions, ambient neutrals, and/or surface atoms; modify the phases of interfaces; dope trace elements into interface regions; impart specific chemical functionalities to a surface; toughen materials; and create micron- and nanometer-scale interface structures. Several examples are developed which demonstrate the variety of technologically important interface modification that is possible with gas phase ions. These examples have been selected to demonstrate how the choice of the ion and its kinetic energy controls modification and deposition for several different materials. Examples are drawn from experiments, computer simulations, fundamental research, and active technological applications. Finally, a list of research areas is provided for which ion–surface modification promises considerable scientific and technological advances in the new millennium.     

单晶硅纳米薄膜面向导热MD研究的探讨

本文分析了经典分子动力学(Molecular Dynamics)技术在模拟厚度在纳米量级的单晶硅薄膜平行于薄膜平面方向的热导率时出现的用难,指出精确计算薄膜表面附近处的原子运动状态对于单晶硅纳米薄膜面向热导率的分子动力学模拟具有重要意义,并在此基础上提出采用基于分子动力学和预处理共轭梯度法(Preconditioned conjugate Gradients)的Ab Initio方案模拟面向热导率。     

Stability and Morphodynamics

Linear and nonlinear aspects of the development of morphodynamical features of fluvial and coastal environments are reviewed. It is emphasized that, in spite of the as yet incomplete understanding of the mechanics of sediment transport, some essential mechanisms operating in morphodynamics have been recently clarified by employing classical tools of linear and weakly nonlinear stability theory.     

假火花开关初始放电过程的理论计算

假火花开关具有耐压高、放电电流大及电流上升速率快的优点。本文利用流体模型及当地场近似，对其放电过程进行了理论计算。结果表明，在放电初始阶段，空心阴极效应起关键作用。同时，对不同初始条件（初始电子、离子密度不同）及不同边界条件（开关结构尺寸不同）的放电过程进行了计算。给出了放电时间、放电电流、最佳阴阳极距离和阴极孔尺寸大小。     

A boundary integral formulation for elastically deformable particles in a viscous fluid

This paper reports a formulation and implementation of a mixed (both direct and indirect) boundary element method using the double layer and its adjoint in a form suitable for solving Stokes flow problems involving elastically deformable particles. The formulation is essentially the Completed Double Layer Boundary Element Method for solving an exterior traction problem for the surrounding fluid or solid phase, followed by an interior displacement, and a mobility problem (if required) for the elastic particles. At the heart of the method is a deflation procedure that allows iterative solution strategies to be adopted, effectively opens the way for large-scale simulations of suspensions of deformable particles to be performed. Several problems are considered, to illustrate and benchmark the method. In particular, an analytical solution for an elastic sphere in an elongational flow is derived. The stresslet calculations for an elastic sphere in shear and elongational flows indicate that elasticity of the inclusions can potentially lead to positive second normal stress difference in shear flow, and an increase in the tensile resistance in elongational flow.This work is supported by a grant from the Australian Research Grant Council. X-J F wishes to acknowledge the support of the National Natural Science Foundation of China.     

Existence and Uniqueness of the Solution of Nonlinear Population Evolution Equations

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