ACTH-producing cells of 21-day-old rat fetuses after maternal dexamethasone exposure

Adrenocorticotrophic hormone (ACTH) is essential for developmental maturation of numerous organ systems during the fetal period and for adaptation to environmental challenges. Immunocytochemical and stereological methods were used in the present study to examine the effects of dexamethasone (Dx) administration during pregnancy on fetal rat pituitary ACTH-producing cells. Doses of 0.5, 0.5 and 1.0 mg Dx/kg body weight/day were given to the dams on 3 consecutive days starting on day 16 of gestation. Morphometric analysis of the ACTH-producing cells of fetuses at 21 days of gestation revealed significant inhibition by 24% and 27%, respectively, of cell volume and cell number after maternal Dx administration, whereas the volume of cell nuclei and volume density of ACTH-stained cells were insignificantly decreased. Immunocytochemical analysis showed reduced numbers, sizes and immunopositivity of ACTH cells of 21-day-old fetuses from Dx-treated dams as compared with the control group. Maternal Dx treatment in the period of intense differentiation of the hypothalamo-hypophyseal-adrenal system had an inhibitory effect on fetal function and proliferative activity of ACTH-producing cells at 21 days of gestation. Thus, inhibition of activity of fetal ACTH-producing cells may lead to adrenal suppression, modified activity of the hypothalamo-pituitary-adrenal axis and reduced body weight possibly causing lasting functional abnormalities.     

产科多器官功能障碍综合征临床分析

目的探讨产科多器功能障碍综合征（MODS）的诱因、临床诊断及处理。方法对16例MODS的临床资料进行回顾性分析。结果导致MODS的主要因素为妊娠期高血压疾病及产后出血,器官功能障碍以肾功能衰竭为最多见。结论及时处理MODS的诱发因素,积极治疗妊娠期高血压疾病及产后出血,早期诊断及治疗肾功能衰竭及凝血功能障碍,是减少产科MODS患者死亡的关键。     

5992例孕产妇梅毒筛查与分析

目的 了解妊娠期梅毒的流行情况及对围产结局的影响。方法 对5992例孕产妇进行甲苯胺红不加热血清试验（TRUST）筛查，对TRUST阳性病例再进行梅毒螺旋体血清颗粒凝集试验（TPPA）确诊。并对围产结局进行观察分析。结果 5992例孕产妇，检出梅毒患者43例（0．72％），其中30例经青霉素治疗的患者其新产儿经半年以上随访无1例感染梅毒，在未治疗的13例患者中有10例分娩的新生儿TPPA滴度均≥1：40，其中2例为先天性梅毒。1例为死亡梅毒婴儿。结论 开展妊娠期梅毒血清学的产前筛查，加强对妊娠期梅毒的治疗，对减少先天性梅毒的发生尤为重要。     

Contractile activity of neonatal heart cells in culture derived from offspring of exercised pregnant rats

Summary 5-day-old neonatal offspring of exercised or non-exercised pregnant Sprague Dawley rats were used to prepare primary cultures of beating myocardial cells. The cells from the exercise group exhibited a slower beating rate for both single and aggregate cells; a larger cell size; an increased percentage of contracting cells; a greater capacity to form confluent monolayers, and a greater viability. It was concluded that exercise during the period of pregnancy produced morphological alterations in the myocardium of the progeny.     

The distribution of fetal nuchal translucency thickness in normal Korean fetuses

The aim of present study was to establish normative data for the distribution of nuchal translucency (NT) thickness in normal Korean fetuses. The data were collected from pregnant women with singleton pregnancies in whom fetal ultrasound was performed and the fetal NT thickness was measured between 11 and 14 weeks of gestation. Among them, a total of 2,577 fetuses with a known normal outcome were included in this study. The distribution of multiple of median (MoM) values of the NT thickness with crown-rump length (CRL) in 10-mm intervals and the 95th percentile of MoM were calculated with the linear regression method. The present study showed that NT measurements increase with increasing CRL and a false positive rate increases with increasing gestational age. Therefore, a fixed cut-off point through the first trimester was not appropriate and each NT measurement should be examined according to the gestational age. The present study offers normative data of the fetal NT thickness in a Korean population, which can be used as reference for screening chromosomal aberrations or other congenital abnormalities in the first trimester.     

Fas在妊娠过程中表达变化的研究

目的探讨Fas在正常妊娠过程及妊娠期高血压疾病(HDCP)中的表达变化及意义。方法分别选取正常妊娠早期和晚期及HDCP胎盘绒毛组织。采用免疫组织化学方法检测Fas表达,并用高清晰彩色病理图像分析系统对其表达进行分析。结果Fas在妊娠早期胎盘组织中极少表达,妊娠晚期胎盘组织中表达增高。HDCP胎盘组织中Fas表达明显升高,与前两组比较差异有极显著性(P<0.01)。结论孕早期滋养细胞表面Fas表达在母胎免疫耐受中发挥重要作用,孕晚期Fas表达增加可能是引起HDCP的原因之一。     

An Animal Model for the Study of the Function of Pregnancy-Specific Beta1 Glycoprotein and Pregnancy Zone Protein: A Review*

ABSTRACT: Two pregnancy-associated murine proteins, PAMP-1 and PAMP-2, have been found to be immunologically cross-reacting analogues to the human proteins pregnancy zone protein (PZP) and pregnancy-specific beta₁-glycoprotien (SP-1), respectively. In this study, the physiochemical and biological properties of the proteins are compared and the effect on pregnancy of administration of monospecific antibodies against the proteins is reported.     

妊娠糖尿病对母婴影响的分析

目的探讨妊娠糖尿病（GDM）对母婴影响。方法观察妊娠糖尿病患者36例及健康孕妇36例,分析其妊娠结局。结果GDM组妊娠期高血压疾病、早产、巨大儿及剖宫产发生率分别为41.7%、27.7%、25%及58.3%,明显高于对照组16.7%、8.3%、5.5%及27.7%,差异有显著性（P〈0.05）。结论GDM是危害孕产妇和围产儿的妊娠并发症,早期诊断GDM及控制血糖是减少母婴并发症的关键。     

米非司酮终止中期妊娠时胎盘循环与超微结构的变化

观察３０例妊娠１６～２４周需终止妊娠者服用米非司酮前后子宫动脉和脐动脉血流速度波型的变化，并用电镜观察了５例胎盘微血管的改变。结果：服用米非司酮后，子宫动脉阻力指数（ＲＩ）和Ｓ／Ｄ比值及脐动脉的Ｓ／Ｄ比值较用药前明显增高，胎盘微血管壁有损伤性表现。提示：子宫胎盘循环动力学的变化及胎盘微血管的损伤可能是米非司酮终止妊娠的重要环节。