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101.
通过回顾我国地质岩心钻探设备发展历程,分析岩心钻探设备的现状,优势和不足,提出了对其今后发展的几点看法。 相似文献
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Summary The gas permeability of a coalbed, unlike that of conventional gas reservoirs, is influenced during gas production not only by the simultaneous changes in effective stress and gas slippage, but also by the volumetric strain of the coal matrix that is associated with gas desorption. A technique for conducting laboratory experiments to separate these effects and estimate their individual contribution is presented in this paper. The results show that for a pressure decrease from 6.2 to 0.7 MPa, the total permeability of the coal sample increased by more than 17 times. A factor of 12 is due to the volumetric strain effect, and a factor of 5 due to the gas slippage effect. Changes in permeability and porosity with gas depletion were also estimated using the measured volumetric strain and the matchstick reservoir model geometry for flow of gas in coalbeds. The resulting variations were compared with results obtained experimentally. Furthermore, the results show that when gas pressure is above 1.7 MPa, the effect of volumetric strain due to matrix shrinkage dominates. As gas pressure falls below 1.7 MPa, both the gas slippage and matrix shrinkage effects play important roles in influencing the permeability. Finally, the change in permeability associated with matrix shrinkage was found to be linearly proportional to the volumetric strain. Since volumetric strain is linearly proportional to the amount of gas desorbed, the change in permeability is a linear function of the amount of desorbing gas. 相似文献
106.
对中国钻孔应变台网观测到的昆仑山口西MS8.1大地震的应变阶资料的研究结果表明:① 很多观测值与静力位错理论计算值不符合;② 北方地震较活跃地区的很多台站观测到异常大的应变阶,而南方构造运动较不活跃地区的台站虽然也观测到地震波动,但是应变阶不明显. 由此推断,地震的触发(可能是动态触发)作用对远场的实际地震应变变化具有重要影响. 也就是说,远场的构造活动(可能是断层活动)是否曾被地震触发,可能决定当地的应变场变化的主要特征. 进一步对昌平台1999年3月11日张北地震与1999年11月1日大同地震的观测资料对比分析表明:断裂带的分布情况对实际地震应变变化有直接影响. 这证明观测到的异常大的地震应变阶可能是地震触发了当地的断层活动的表现. 相似文献
107.
Introduction Based on the elastic theory of the hard inclusion (Dobrovolskii, 1991), we developed an inclusion theory of rheologic medium, and applied the results of bulk-strain field of a rheologic inclusion model to explain the spatial-temporal evolution process of earthquake precursors (SONG, et al, 2000). In the former paper (SONG, et al, 2003), we derived the viscoelastic displacement field of the rheologic inclusion model on the basis of the analytic expression of displacement field o… 相似文献
108.
Introduction The Earth′s crust deforms in the regional tectonic stress field. Borehole strain observation isone important means for studies on the crustal deformation and the stress field. QIU and ZHANG(2002) have introduced the current situation of borehole strain observation in China. OutsideChina, early in September of 1968, Sacks of Carnegie Institution of Washington and Evertson ofUniversity of Texas firstly invented a borehole dilatometer in the world (Sacks, Evertson, 197… 相似文献
109.
Although seismic isolation rubber bearings in bridges and buildings have proven to be a very effective passive method for reducing earthquake‐induced forces, a detailed mechanical modeling of the rubber that is used in bearings under large strains has not been established. Therefore, a 3D model of failure behavior and the design criteria for the safety evaluation of seismic isolation bearings have not yet been developed. This paper presents: (1) correlation‐based template‐matching algorithms to measure large strain fields of continua; (2) a failure criterion for rubber; and (3) the design criteria for the safety evaluation of laminated algorithms, data‐validation algorithms were developed and implemented to eliminate possible unrealistic displacement vectors present in the measured displacement field. The algorithms were successfully employed in the strain field measurement of LRB and rubber materials that are subjected to failure. The measured local strains for rubber material at failure were used to develop a failure criterion for rubber. The validity of the proposed criterion was evaluated by applying it to the LRB; the criterion was introduced into a 3D finite element model of LRB, compared with the experimental results of bearings failure, and verified. Finally, design criteria are proposed for LRB for the safety evaluation. Copyright © 2003 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
110.
Seismic tests have been conducted on two 3‐storey structures protected with pressurized fluid‐viscous spring damper devices. One of the structures was a reinforced concrete frame with clay elements in the slabs, while the other one was a steel frame with steel/concrete composite slabs. The spring dampers were installed through K bracing in between the floors. The tests were performed by means of the pseudodynamic method, which allowed the use of large and full‐size specimens, and by implementing a specific compensation strategy for the strain‐rate effect at the devices. The test results allowed the verification of the adequacy of the attachment system as well as the comparison of the behaviour of the unprotected buildings with several protected configurations, showing the benefits of the application of the devices and the characteristics of their performance. The response of the protected structures was always safer than that of the unprotected ones mainly due to a significant increase of equivalent damping. The increase in the damping ratio depends on the level of deformation. Copyright © 2004 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献