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综合超前地质预报在小坪子隧洞中的运用研究 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
研究目的:研究如何在施工过程中对隧洞掌子面前方的地质条件进行预报,减少地质灾害的发生。研究方法:在超前地质预报的宏观预报、长期预报、短期预报、临近警报等不同阶段,以地质理论为基础,综合运用地质方法、地球物理勘探方法、钻探方法,结合实践经验进行研究。研究结果:得出了地质预报的阶段性和不同阶段的预报方法,提出了地质超前预报体系各方法的相互关系,得出了实施超前地质预报应采用的步骤、方法及实施时应注意的问题。研究结论:深埋长大隧洞施工过程中的地质预报,只有采取地质理论的、地球物理的、钻探的等综合的方法,并且按宏观的、长期的、短期的、临近的思路进行才能取得好的效果。 相似文献
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J.F. Shriver H.E. Hurlburt O.M. Smedstad A.J. Wallcraft R.C. Rhodes 《Journal of Marine Systems》2007,65(1-4):3
A 1/32° global ocean nowcast/forecast system has been developed by the Naval Research Laboratory at the Stennis Space Center. It started running at the Naval Oceanographic Office in near real-time on 1 Nov. 2003 and has been running daily in real-time since 1 Mar. 2005. It became an operational system on 6 March 2006, replacing the existing 1/16° system which ceased operation on 12 March 2006. Both systems use the NRL Layered Ocean Model (NLOM) with assimilation of sea surface height from satellite altimeters and sea surface temperature from multi-channel satellite infrared radiometers. Real-time and archived results are available online at http://www.ocean.nrlssc.navy.mil/global_nlom. The 1/32° system has improvements over the earlier system that can be grouped into two categories: (1) better resolution and representation of dynamical processes and (2) design modifications. The design modifications are the result of accrued knowledge since the development of the earlier 1/16° system. The improved horizontal resolution of the 1/32° system has significant dynamical benefits which increase the ability of the model to accurately nowcast and skillfully forecast. At the finer resolution, current pathways and their transports become more accurate, the sea surface height (SSH) variability increases and becomes more realistic and even the global ocean circulation experiences some changes (including inter-basin exchange). These improvements make the 1/32° system a better dynamical interpolator of assimilated satellite altimeter track data, using a one-day model forecast as the first guess. The result is quantitatively more accurate nowcasts, as is illustrated by several model-data comparisons. Based on comparisons with ocean color imagery in the northwestern Arabian Sea and the Gulf of Oman, the 1/32° system has even demonstrated the ability to map small eddies, 25–75 km in diameter, with 70% reliability and a median eddy center location error of 22.5 km, a surprising and unanticipated result from assimilation of altimeter track data. For all of the eddies (50% small eddies), the reliability was 80% and the median eddy center location error was 29 km. The 1/32° system also exhibits improved forecast skill in relation to the 1/16° system. This is due to (a) a more accurate initial condition for the forecast and (b) better resolution and representation of critical dynamical processes (such as upper ocean – topographic coupling via mesoscale flow instabilities) which allow the model to more accurately evolve these features in time while running in forecast mode (forecast atmospheric forcing for the first 5 days, then gradually reverting toward climatology for the remainder of the 30-day forecast period). At 1/32° resolution, forecast SSH generally compares better with unassimilated observations and the anomaly correlation of the forecast SSH exceeds that from persistence by a larger amount than found in the 1/16° system. 相似文献
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研究目的:复杂的岩溶隧道易发生突水突泥安全质量事故,为了对隧道前方地质富水状况进行准确的探测,给隧道安全、快速施工提供超前地质依据。研究结果:通过结合水平超前钻探验证,证明在岩溶隧道依靠高密度直流电法对岩溶富水情况探测较为准确,为防止隧道发生突水突泥,保证安全、快速施工提供了有力保障。 相似文献
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CO2减排是国际关注的热点问题。将CO2注入地下地质构造永久封存是CO2减排的有效途径。挪威Sleipner气田盐水层CO2封存工程是世界上第一个完全为了对CO2进行地质封存而实施的商业项目,为CO2的海上捕集、地质存储及其监测提供了极其宝贵的经验。详细介绍Sleipner气田海上平台MDEA法天然气分离CO2技术及CO2高压密相回注工艺,为我国南海莺歌海盆地天然气田伴生二氧化碳的埋存和利用提供参考。 相似文献
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本文针对齐齐哈尔市永安立交桥桥址地理环境局限的特殊条件,提出一个既能满足交通要求,又节省建设用地,减少投资的工程设计方案,经建成后多年的运行,效果明显。 相似文献
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