动力总成悬置元件特性对整车振动的影响

本文建立了轿车整车动力学模型，通过仿真计算和实车测试分析了怠速工况下液压悬置和橡胶悬置元件对整车振动的影响。试验测试结果与理论计算结果基本吻合，证明所建模型与分析方法是正确的，可用于分析轿车动力学问题。     

应用有限元法研究车架结构的耐撞性

本文应用有限地对车辆正面碰撞过程中车架结构的大变形过程进行了计算机模拟。文中介绍了非线性有限元分析的基本方程，运用微机版ＤＹＮＡ３Ｄ软件，在合理简化的基础上，建立了车呆结构的有限元模型，通过计算机模拟，预测了车辆正碰过程中车架的变形位置和变形形式。针对存在的问题，对车架结构进行了改进设计。实车碰撞试验表明：改进后，车架结构的耐撞性有明显提高。     

三轴汽车前后轮角输入时的响应特性

本文详细推导了三轴汽车线性二自由度模型的运动微分方程，分析了汽车对前后轮角输入时的移居记响应特性。从汽车动力学的角度讨论了前后轮转应具备的比例关系。该方法同样适用于其它多轴汽车的建模分析。     

Marginal costs of freeway traffic congestion with on-road pollution exposure externality

The health cost of on-road air pollution exposure is a component of traffic marginal costs that has not previously been assessed. The main objective of this paper is to introduce on-road pollution exposure as an externality of traffic, particularly important during traffic congestion when on-road pollution exposure is highest. Marginal private and external cost equations are developed that include on-road pollution exposure in addition to time, fuel, and pollution emissions components. The marginal external cost of on-road exposure includes terms for the marginal vehicle’s emissions, the increased emissions from all vehicles caused by additional congestion from the marginal vehicle, and the additional exposure duration for all travelers caused by additional congestion from the marginal vehicle. A sensitivity analysis shows that on-road pollution exposure can be a large portion (18%) of marginal social costs of traffic flow near freeway capacity, ranging from 4% to 38% with different exposure parameters. In an optimal pricing scenario, excluding the on-road exposure externality can lead to 6% residual welfare loss because of sub-optimal tolls. While regional pollution generates greater costs in uncongested conditions, on-road exposure comes to dominate health costs on congested freeways because of increased duration and intensity of exposure. The estimated marginal cost and benefit curves indicate a theoretical preference for price controls to address the externality problem. The inclusion of on-road exposure costs reduces the magnitudes of projects required to cover implementation costs for intelligent transportation system (ITS) improvements; the net benefits of road-pricing ITS systems are increased more than the net benefits of ITS traffic flow improvements. When considering distinct vehicle classes, inclusion of on-road exposure costs greatly increases heavy-duty vehicle marginal costs because of their higher emissions rates and greater roadway capacity utilization. Lastly, there are large uncertainties associated with the parameters utilized in the estimation of health outcomes that are a function of travel pollution intensity and duration. More research is needed to develop on-road exposure modeling tools that link repeated short-duration exposure and health outcomes.     

汽车车身计算机辅助设计系统的集成环境

本文分析了计算机辅助车身设计的特点，指出必须集成的观战构建车身ＣＡＤ系统，并给出了一车身身ＣＡＤ系统集成环境的组织结构。     

基于GIS/GPS的高速公路车辆追尾预警系统研究

分析了高速公路车辆追尾事故的原因,研究了车辆安全制动距离,综合驾驶员跟驰与车辆制动模型得到安全距离函数,提出一种基于GIS/GPS的高速公路车辆追尾预警系统框架,建立了车辆报警流程图。该系统有利于预防追尾事故,提高高速公路安全。     

汽车保险杠标准对比分析

目前对汽车保险杠产品认证主要采用中国、美国和欧盟3种标准,是评价车辆碰撞性能的依据。通过对比美国、欧洲和我国汽车保险杠标准,对主要差异点进行了具体分析,指出了差异存在的原因。汽车保险杠标准明确了汽车保险杠的弹性变形特性能吸收大量的碰撞能量,对强烈撞击有较大的缓冲作用,对车辆和乘员起到保护作用,便于指导车辆生产企业加强对汽车保险杠结构的优化设计,以提高汽车保险杠的耐撞性。     

走-停巡航系统分层控制器设计

结合驾驶统计模型，设计了走一停自适应巡航系统的纵向车间距离控制器。上位控制器的设计与车辆模型无关。在建立目标性能函数的基础上得到控制律；而下位控制器则将油门和制动控制独立设计，依据一定的切换逻辑使它们分别作用于车辆。在制动控制的设计中引入了改进型史密斯预估器。在多种工况下的仿真试验中表明控制器性能良好。     

汽车平顺性时域仿真分析

采用虚拟试验场技术进行了汽车行驶平顺性的时域仿真。建立了面向汽车平顺性分析的整车刚弹耦合有限元模型,同时建立了脉冲输入路面模型和随机输入路面模型。采用1/3倍频带分布加速度均方根值方法及总加权方法对试验车辆的平顺性进行了评价。试验结果表明,运用虚拟试验场技术能够真实地反映汽车的行驶平顺性,仿真分析结果可靠。     

声全息方法识别汽车运动噪声

本文提出利用声全息原理，对运动状态下的汽车噪声源进行识别的方法，它能够用来分析汽车在高速运动过程中发动机的噪声，轮胎噪声和空气动力学噪声，通过低速和高速实验表明该方法是一种有效的方法，能够快速，准确识别运动车辆的噪声。