Effect of additives on formation of natural gas hydrate

The formation of natural gas hydrate (NGH) is studied in this work. Kinetics data of hydrate formation with no agitation were collected at various concentrations of the aqueous solutions with different additives such as alkylpolyglucside, sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate and potassium oxalate monohydrate. Various kinds of additive increased the formation rates of NGH and its storage capacity and reduced the induction time of NGH formation. Moreover, the storage capacity, the induction time and the hydrate formation rate were influenced by the concentration of the aqueous solution.     

Effects Of Ozone On The Production Of Biodegradable Dissolved Organic Carbon (BDOC) During Water Treatment

This article deals with the oxidation effect of ozone on the increasing fraction of biodegradable organic matter with the “ozotest” method, a laboratory technique which simulates the effect of ozonation and allows a complete oxidation assessment. Ozone treatment was performed on river water samples and sand filter effluent samples. Ozone consumption, reduction of UV absorbance and BDOC formation were monitored with applied ozone doses from 0 to 10 mg/L and with contact times from 0 to 60 min. The BDOC formation was optimum at an applied ozone dose of 0.25-0.5 mg O₃ per mg DOC (contact time = 5 min) corresponding to apparition of traces of residual ozone and maximum UV reduction. Maximum ozone consumption, UV reduction and BDOC formation occurred simultaneously during the first two minutes of treatment. Concerning BDOC formation, applied ozone dose showed a greater effectiveness than contact time. For the same quantity of consumed ozone, a short contact time associated with a high ozone dose was preferable to a long contact time and a low ozone dose.     

白碱滩油田六中区克下组储层综合评价

白碱滩油田六中区克下组为冲积扇沉积,储集层非均质性严重,在对这类储层进行综合评价时,除了用到孔隙度、渗透率和泥质含量等常规评价参数外,在这里增加了变异系数、突进系数和级差三个参数,使得非均质性的作用在储层综合分类评价中得到充分体现;然后应用聚类分析将储集层分为3种类型,其中1类储层最好,2类储层次之,3类相对较差;最后对每个单层中3类储层的分布进行了分析,进而指导油田的进一步开发。     

氧化物对3CaO·3Al2O3·CaSO4形成的影响

借助XRD测试手段研究了Al2O3、SiO2、Fe2O3以及MgO几种生料中常见氧化物对高温固硫物相3CaO·3Al2O3·CaSO4形成的影响.结果表明,改变Al2O3的含量,不会对3CaO·3Al2O3·CaSO4的形成产生明显影响;Fe2O3及MgO的存在能降低3CaO·3Al2O3·CaSO4的形成温度,但也使其分解温度提前;SiO2的大量存在则会抑制3CaO·3Al2O3·CaSO4的形成.     

宁夏广武山铜矿特征及成矿规律

从宁夏广武山铜矿矿化特征分析成矿原因,试图找出成矿规律.在已有资料的基础上,研究了该地区含矿地层区域铜矿化特征.结果表明,该地区原生黄铜矿型铜矿的原生沉积和次生富集的发生与褪色带关系密切,形成似层状矿体.退色带中铜矿化是氧化-还原过渡带环境的产物,是成矿的有利部位.广武山地区寻找铜矿应注意研究相对应的有利地质成矿部位,可望有新的发现和突破.     

八面河地区孔店组油气成藏条件与勘探方向

在剖析了八面河地区孔店组的地层和沉积特征及其油源、储层、储盖组合条件等油气成藏条件的基础上,认为研究区西北部为有利勘探区带,东北部为较有利勘探区带,南部为潜在勘探区带。     

潜江凹陷东部新沟嘴组轻质油储层测录井特征及产能预测探讨

江汉盆地潜江凹陷东部建新-拖市地区新沟嘴组下段Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ油组均发育有低孔、低渗、致密砂岩岩性圈闭,近年来随着勘探工作的深入,该区陆续发现一批轻质油藏。在对建新-拖市地区地层层序和生储盖特征分析研究的基础上,充分利用地质、气测、测井、试油等多项井筒技术资料全面总结了该地区储层的特性,并探索了使用定量手段评价油层产能的技术。     

重庆磨心坡龙潭组沉积环境与聚煤规律研究

通过野外地质调查及钻探取芯的方法,详细地观察磨心坡勘查区上二叠统龙潭组的岩性、生物化石及沉积构造特征,并应用沉积环境分析与聚煤规律的理论,研究该区的沉积环境和聚煤规律.本区龙潭组成煤沼泽直接发育在潮坪上,煤层厚度不大,但层位稳定,且分布广,易于对比,可采煤层多为高灰、中高-高硫煤.研究表明,该区共经历了10次海侵和11次海退沉积,泻湖-潮坪-台地环境交替出现,主要系海陆交互相含煤构造,属局限海碳酸盐岩台地泥炭坪聚煤环境.研究成果可为磨心坡煤矿开展接替资源勘查提供理论依据和找矿方向.     

川东北飞仙关组异常压力演化与油气成藏

根据实测的下三叠统飞仙关组地层压力资料所展示的地层压力分布与气藏的特征关系,分析了不同类型储层气藏压力成因机制、演化及与油气成藏关系.正常压力系统,多处于台地边缘礁滩相,储层岩性以云岩为主,储集类型多为孔隙型,气藏一般甲烷含量低、硫化氢含量高;异常高压或超高压系统,多处于海槽区或台内云岩欠发育区,储层岩性以灰岩为主,气藏甲烷含量高、不含或含极少量的硫化氢,主要为裂缝型气藏;孔隙型气藏和裂缝型气藏具有明显不同的成压演化机制:以孔隙型储层为主的气藏经历了印支末期-燕山早期古油藏常压阶段,燕山中-晚期液态烃类热裂解成气的超压气藏阶段,TSR反应及其作用和喜马拉雅期的构造抬升使孔隙型储层降压为正常压力系统并最终定型为常压气藏阶段;以裂缝型储层为主气藏经历了燕山中-晚期高压天然气充注和燕山晚期构造挤压作用下古高压气藏阶段,喜马拉雅晚期强烈构造挤压超高压气藏定型阶段.     

Ozonation of Humic Substances: Effects on Molecular Weight Distributions of Organic Carbon and Trihalomethane Formation Potential

Four different sources of humic substances were studied to determine the effects of ozonation on molecular weight-distributions, based on dissolved organic carbon (DOC) and trihalomethane formation potential (THMFP). Solutions of two soil-derived fulvic acids and a one soil-derived humic acid, as well as dissolved organic matter (DOM) associated with a natural water source were studied. Both gel permeation chromatography (GPC) and ultrafiltration (UF) were employed to define apparent molecular weight (AMW). Applied ozone doses ranged from 2.0 to 2.5 mg O₃/mg DOC. Overall samples of untreated and ozonated waters, as well as individual molecular weight fractions, were characterized according to DOC, UV absorbance, and THMFP. Ozonation resulted in a significant disappearance of higher AMW material with a corresponding increase in lower AMW material. Although little overall reduction in DOC concentration was observed, significant overall reductions in UV absorbance and THMFP levels were observed.