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991.
Alexander N. Dranishnikov 《Indagationes Mathematicae》2018,29(1):429-449
We give a survey of old and new results in dimension theory of compact metric spaces. Most of the relatively new results presented in the survey are based on the cohomological dimension approach. We complement the survey by stating the basics of cohomological dimension theory and listing some of its applications beyond the dimension theory. 相似文献
992.
在单位区间[0,1]上构造了图像长度为无穷的一维连续函数.该函数含有不可数个但Lebesgue测度为0的无界变差点.所有无界变差点组成的集合中每一点皆为该集合的聚点. 相似文献
993.
Some cosmological solutions for string model are derived in higher dimensional spherically symmetric space-time, following
the techniques used by Letelier. The equations of state for strings have been used for different solutions. Also polynomial
relation between the metric coefficients has been assumed in some cases. 相似文献
994.
K S Virbhadra 《Pramana》1995,44(4):317-322
A nonstatic and circularly symmetric exact solution of the Einstein equations (with a cosmological constant Λ and null fluid)
in 2 + 1 dimensions is given. This is a nonstatic generalization of the uncharged spinless BTZ metric. For Λ = 0, the spacetime
is though not flat, the Kretschmann invariant vanishes. The energy, momentum, and power output for this metric are obtained.
Further a static and circularly symmetric exact solution of the Einsteinmassless scalar equations is given, which has a curvature
singularity atr = 0 and the scalar field diverges atr = 0 as well as at infinity. 相似文献
995.
一个平衡半拟补Ockham代数(简称bdpO-代数)是一个〈2,2,1,1,0,0〉类型的代数(L;∧,∨,f,*,0,1).其中(L;f)是Ockham代数,(L;*)是半拟补代数,且一元运算f和*由恒等式[f(x)]*=f2(x)与f(x*)=x**所连结.本文讨论bdpO-代数中滤子的性质及其同余特征,并刻画某些同余一致与同余凝聚性质. 相似文献
996.
997.
Darin R. Stephenson James J. Zhang 《Proceedings of the American Mathematical Society》1997,125(6):1593-1605
We show that every graded locally finite right noetherian algebra has sub-exponential growth. As a consequence, every noetherian algebra with exponential growth has no finite dimensional filtration which leads to a right (or left) noetherian associated graded algebra. We also prove that every connected graded right noetherian algebra with finite global dimension has finite GK-dimension. Using this, we can classify all connected graded noetherian algebras of global dimension two.
998.
A numerical simulation code for three dimensional problems of near-field optics has been developed using the volume integral equation with the moment method. The object is assumed to be continuous and macroscopic dielectric and can be treated by macroscopic Maxwell#x0027;s equations. The code can treat the large-scale moment method matrix that is obtained by the discretization of the volume integral equation. The resultant matrix equation is solved by an iteration method called the generalized minimum residual method with reasonable computational cost for simple problems of near field optics. Simulation of a simplified model of a scanning near-field optical microscope has been performed and basic polarization characteristics of the system have been investigated in detail. The code is also applied to the collection-mode of a photon scanning tunneling microscope, where the incident wave is the evanescent wave, and basic relation between near-field and far field i.e., output image, is recognized. 相似文献
999.
Huifu Xu 《Journal of Mathematical Analysis and Applications》2010,368(2):692-708
Sample average approximation (SAA) is one of the most popular methods for solving stochastic optimization and equilibrium problems. Research on SAA has been mostly focused on the case when sampling is independent and identically distributed (iid) with exceptions (Dai et al. (2000) [9], Homem-de-Mello (2008) [16]). In this paper we study SAA with general sampling (including iid sampling and non-iid sampling) for solving nonsmooth stochastic optimization problems, stochastic Nash equilibrium problems and stochastic generalized equations. To this end, we first derive the uniform exponential convergence of the sample average of a class of lower semicontinuous random functions and then apply it to a nonsmooth stochastic minimization problem. Exponential convergence of estimators of both optimal solutions and M-stationary points (characterized by Mordukhovich limiting subgradients (Mordukhovich (2006) [23], Rockafellar and Wets (1998) [32])) are established under mild conditions. We also use the unform convergence result to establish the exponential rate of convergence of statistical estimators of a stochastic Nash equilibrium problem and estimators of the solutions to a stochastic generalized equation problem. 相似文献
1000.
In this paper, multigrid methods with residual scaling techniques for symmetric positive definite linear systems are considered. The idea of perturbed two-grid methods proposed in [7] is used to estimate the convergence factor of multigrid methods with residual scaled by positive constant scaling factors. We will show that if the convergence factors of the two-grid methods are uniformly bounded by σ (σ<0.5), then the convergence factors of the W-cycle multigrid methods are uniformly bounded by σ/(1−σ), whether the residuals are scaled at some or all levels. This result extends Notay’s Theorem 3.1 in [7] to more general cases. The result also confirms the viewpoint that the W-cycle multigrid method will converge sufficiently well as long as the convergence factor of the two-grid method is small enough. In the case where the convergence factor of the two-grid method is not small enough, by appropriate choice of the cycle index γ, we can guarantee that the convergence factor of the multigrid methods with residual scaling techniques still has a uniform bound less than σ/(1−σ). Numerical experiments are provided to show that the performance of multigrid methods can be improved by scaling the residual with a constant factor. The convergence rates of the two-grid methods and the multigrid methods show that the W-cycle multigrid methods perform better if the convergence rate of the two-grid method becomes smaller. These numerical experiments support the proposed theoretical results in this paper. 相似文献