Photon counts modulation in optical time domain reflectometry

The quantum fluctuation of photon counting limits the field application of optical time domain reflection. A method of photon counts modulation optics time domain reflection with single photon detection at 1.55 μm is presented. The influence of quantum fluctuation can be effectively controlled by demodulation technology since quantum fluctuation shows a uniform distribution in the frequency domain. Combined with the changing of the integration time of the lock-in amplifier, the signal to noise ratio is significantly enhanced. Accordingly the signal to noise improvement ratio reaches 31.7 dB compared with the direct photon counting measurement.     

A functional probe with bowtie aperture and bull's eye structure for nanolithograph

The bowtie aperture surrounded by concentric gratings(the bull’s eye structure) integrated on the near-field scanning optical microscopy(NSOM) probe(aluminum coated fiber tip) for nanolithography has been investigated using the finite-difference time domain(FDTD) method.By modifying the parameters of the bowtie aperture and the concentric gratings,a maximal field enhancement factor of 391.69 has been achieved,which is 18 times larger than that obtained from the single bowtie aperture.Additionally,the light spot depends on the gap size of the bowtie aperture and can be confined to sub-wavelength.The superiority of the combination of the bowtie aperture and the bull’s eye structure is confirmed,and the mechanism for the electric field enhancement in this derived structure is analyzed.     

Improving lithographic masks with the assistance of indentations

Indentations etched on the output surface of a metallic mask are proposed to produce fine lithographic patterns with a resolution of 500 nm using the finite-difference time domain(FDTD) method.Such a designed mask is capable of enhancing near field lithography(NFL) resolution more than three times compared with the structure without indentations.The simulation results show that the interference disturbance between the adjacent lithographic channels can be eliminated efficiently by employing the indentations.As a straightforward consequence,the channel-to-channel interspaces can be shortened significantly,maintaining a uniform field distribution and high contrast.     

3,6-二肼基-1,2,4,5-四嗪的晶体结构及理论研究

通过缓慢蒸发溶剂法培养得到3, 6-二肼基-1, 2, 4, 5-四嗪(DHT)的单晶, 用X-射线单晶衍射仪进行了结构测定. 该晶体属于单斜晶系, P2(1)/c空间群, a=4.032 (4) ?, b=5.649 (6) ?, c=12.074 (14) ?. β=99.32°, Z=2, V=271.4(5) ?3. DHT分子中肼基N原子与四嗪环基本位于同一平面呈现轴对称结构, 分子中的大量氢键使之形成箭尾形排列的三维网络结构. 通过实验测得DHT的燃烧热为1787kJ?mol-1, 5s爆发点为454 K. 在DFT-B3LYP/6-311G*水平下对DHT的电子结构和自然键轨道进行了分析. 通过原子化能的方法计算得到DHT的标准生成热为1075 kJ?mol-1, 与实验值接近. 爆轰性能计算表明, DHT在密度为1.64 g?cm-3时, 爆速和爆压分别为9.27 km?s-1和36.02 GPa, 高于TNT和HMX.     

检验火柴头中硫元素的几套微量化改进方案

1研究背景苏教版《实验化学(选修)》教材在牙膏和火柴头中某些成分的检验课题中利用火柴头的燃烧实验检验硫元素。笔者在开展含硫火柴头燃烧实验的教学时,基于操作简捷安全、药品用量少、实验绿色化等角度的考量,对该实验重新进行了微量化设计与实践。2实验设计     

电源电路抗γ总剂量辐射性能建模与裕量与不确定性量化评估

针对电源电路抗总剂量辐射性能评估问题,建立了元器件和电路的性能模型,并搭建测试电路对模型进行了测试。开展了辐照敏感关键元器件的总剂量辐照试验,获取了元器件关键参数随累积总剂量变化的实验数据,将参数变化规律注入模型,开展了电源电路抗辐射性能仿真,获得了电路关键特征参数输出电压随累积总剂量的变化规律。采用裕量与不确定性量化(QMU)方法对电源电路的抗辐射性能进行评估,并与电路实际辐照实验结果进行对比,结果表明,QMU评估结果与实际实验结果保持了较好的一致性。     

一种计算HEMP环境下电缆感应电流的混合算法北大核心CSCD

对高空核爆电磁脉冲(HEMP)环境下、地面上方电缆的感应电流进行了研究。考虑有耗地面的影响,提出了一种将时域积分方程(TDIE)和时域传输模式法结合求解有耗半空间上方电缆瞬态电流的时域方法。通过电磁波本征模的关联性得到斜入射有耗半空间平面波的时域反射系数,不需计算贝塞尔函数的无穷项和便可以得到时域反射系数的精确解。最后给出了核爆脉冲照射下地面上方电缆感应的电流的仿真结果。结果表明:对于水平放置的电缆,当反射脉冲到达电缆后,反射场总是试图抵消入射场,使得电缆上感应电流小于只考虑入射脉冲时的感应电流;电缆的耦合电流会随架设的高度发生显著变化,相对于铺地的电缆,架空的电缆有更大的感应电流。     

爆炸波中的混合不确定度量化方法

将认知不确定作为外层,偶然不确定作为内层,利用混合不确定理论处理爆炸波中的不确定度问题.分别使用非嵌入多项式混沌方法（NIPC）和Dempster-Shafer理论处理偶然不确定和认知不确定,用迎风格式求解确定系统.结果表明：NIPC和Dempster-Shafer结构为模型输入参数和初边值不确定性对输出响应量的影响提供一种有效方法,对各种建模与模拟不确定性评估和确认建模与模拟具有很好的参考价值.     

圆筒试验JWL状态方程参数的贝叶斯标定

在研究数值模拟的输入参数引入的不确定性时,通常需要人为给定每个输入参数的概率分布,且输入参数概率分布的选择可能会对分析结果产生直接影响。利用贝叶斯方法标定了圆筒试验JWL状态方程参数,得到了标定参数的估计值和后验分布,并研究了不同统计模型假设对标定参数的估计值和后验分布的影响。贝叶斯后验分布融合了基准试验的试验数据的信息,因此将其作为不确定度量化分析时输入参数的初始概率分布,可以尽量减少分布选择引入的认知不确定性。     

Decoupling coefficients of dilatational wave for Biot’s dynamic equation and its Green’s functions in frequency domain

Green’s functions for Biot’s dynamic equation in the frequency domain can be a highly useful tool for the investigation of dynamic responses of a saturated porous medium. Its applications are found in soil dynamics, seismology, earthquake engineering, rock mechanics, geophysics, and acoustics. However, the mathematical work for deriving it can be daunting. Green’s functions have been presented utilizing an analogy between the dynamic thermoelasticity and the dynamic poroelasticity in the frequency domain using the u-p formulation. In this work, a special term “decoupling coefficient” for the decomposition of the fast and slow dilatational waves is proposed and expressed to present a new methodology for deriving the poroelastodynamic Green’s functions. The correctness of the solution is demonstrated by numerically comparing the current solution with Cheng’s previous solution. The separation of the two waves in the present methodology allows the more accurate evaluation of Green’s functions, particularly the solution of the slow dilatational wave. This can be advantageous for the numerical implementation of the boundary element method (BEM) and other applications.