Study on Hydrocracking of VGO Derived from Kazakhstan-Russian Mixed Crude

1 Introduction With the successful completion of the construction of the China-Kazakhstan oil pipeline the refinery at Dushanzi Pet- rochemical Company will process the Kazakhstan-Russian mixed crude at full steam starting 2007. The high sulfur, nitro- gen and heavy metals contents in the Kazakhstan-Russian mixed crude would have a serious impact on the secondary processing units of the Dushanzi refinery, in particular on the distillate hydrocracking unit, which mainly operates on vacuum g…     

从数据库到数据仓库——广电未来的制胜武器

在目前数据爆炸、信息匮乏的情况下，需要利用数据仓库系统集成1个或多个独立传统数据库数据，通过分析海量数据发现市场潜在规律，获取商业信息以支持商业决策，这将是广电未来的制胜武器。     

Fast handoff with reducing waste rate approach for wireless resources management in UMTS mobile networks

3G Wideband CDMA systems adopt the Orthogonal Variable Spreading Factor code tree as the channelization codes management for achieving high data rate transmission in personal multimedia communications. It assigns a single channelization code for each accepted connection. Nevertheless, it wastes the system capacity when the required rate is not powers of two of the basic rate. One good solution is to assign multiple codes for each accepted connection but it causes two inevitable drawbacks: long handoff delay and new call setup delay due to high complexity of processing with multiple channelization codes, and high cost of using more number of rake combiners. Especially, long handoff delay may result in more call dropping probability and higher Grade of Service, which will degrade significantly the utilization and revenue of the 3G cellular systems. Therefore, we propose herein an adaptive efficient codes determination algorithm based on the Markov Decision Process analysis approach to reduce the waste rate and reassignments significantly while providing fast handoff. Numerical results demonstrate that the proposed approach yields several advantages, including the lowest GOS, the least waste rate, and the least number of reassignments. Meanwhile, the optimal number of rake combiners is also analyzed in this paper. This research was supported in part by the National Science Council of Taiwan, ROC, under contract NSC-93-2213-E-324-018.     

Effective Location Based Services with Dynamic Data Management in Mobile Environments

With the proliferation of mobile computing technologies, location based services have been identified as one of the most promising target application. We classify mobile information service domains based on feature characteristics of the information sources and different patterns of mobile information access. By carefully examining the service requirements, we identify the dynamic data management problem that must be addressed for effective location based services in mobile environments. We then devise a general architecture and cost model for servicing both location independent and location dependent data. Based on the architecture and cost model, we propose a set of dynamic data management strategies that employs judicious caching, proactive server pushing and neighborhood replication to reduce service cost and improve response time under changing user mobility and access patterns. Detail behavior analysis helps us in precisely capturing when and how to apply these strategies. Simulation results suggest that different strategies are effective for different types of data in response to different patterns of movement and information access. Shiow-yang Wu is an associate professor of the Department of Computer Science and Information Engineering at National Dong Hwa University, Hualien, Taiwan, R.O.C. He received the BS and MS degrees in computer engineering from National Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu, Taiwan, ROC, and the PhD degree in computer science from the University of Texas at Austin in 1984, 1986, and 1995, respectively. His research interests include data/knowledge bases, mobile computing, distributed processing, intelligence information systems, and electronic commerce. Kun-Ta Wu was born in Taipei, Taiwan, R.O.C., in 1976. He received the B.S. degree in computer science from Soochow University, Taipei, Taiwan, R.O.C., in 1999 and the M.S. degree in computer science and information engineering from National Dong Hwa University, Hualien, Taiwan, R.O.C., in 2001. Currently, he is an Assistant Researcher in the Domestic Division at Science and Technology Information Center, National Science Council, R.O.C., as a member of Information Gathering and Analysis Group of National Information and Communication Security Taskforce. His research interests include mobile computing, wireless network and information security.     

基于中压加氢改质方案的炼油流程协同优化

中国石化北京燕山分公司(简称燕山分公司）为增产高附加值产品、提升效益，对炼油系统进行了流程协同优化。中压加氢裂化装置掺炼催化裂化柴油，由加氢裂化方案改为加氢改质方案运行，将改质柴油送入三号催化裂化装置（简称三催化装置）的提升管进行回炼；同时，将焦化蜡油改入加氢裂化装置进行加工，而蜡油加氢装置不再加工焦化蜡油以改善催化裂化原料。协同优化后，中压加氢改质装置的柴油产品十六烷值提高7个单位；三催化装置的液化气收率提高1.96百分点，汽油收率增加0.88百分点，总液体收率增加2.28百分点；高压加氢裂化装置喷气燃料产品的密度（20 ℃）降低至806 kg/m3，烟点为23.8 mm，尾油BMCI由11.8降低至10.8；蜡油加氢装置精制蜡油的饱和分质量分数提高4.68百分点，芳香分质量分数降低5.96百分点，氮质量分数降低0.06百分点，使催化裂化原料性质得以改善。通过将中压加氢改质装置的喷气燃料馏分抽出送催化裂化装置回炼，与回炼改质柴油相比，催化裂化汽油的研究法辛烷值（RON）增加1.0个单位，改质柴油十六烷值提高4.8个单位。通过全炼油板块系统性优化，燕山分公司车用柴油产品的十六烷值由53.5降低至51.5，解决了质量过剩问题。     

铝钛共渗钢的研制与工业应用

介绍了开发的铝钛共渗工艺及其特点,该工艺可根据需要调整渗剂配方,实现渗钛或铝钛共渗.研究了一种封闭剂,重点解决了渗剂高温氧化烧结问题,使渗层质量优良、性能稳定.描述了铝钛共渗层的特征和焊接性能及耐腐蚀效果.在中国石化扬子石油化工股份有限公司炼油厂的应用表明,铝钛共渗钢具有良好的抗低温H2S腐蚀的能力,并具有优良的耐冲刷、耐磨蚀性能.     

催化裂解多产丙烯新技术

介绍了国内外利用蜡油或常压渣油等重质原料的增产丙烯技术CPP,ARGG FDFCC和TSRMP;还介绍了利用富含烯烃的混合碳四和催化裂化汽油等轻质原料的增产丙烯技术OCP,Propylur,Superflex,OCT,Meta-4和BASF公司的丁烯歧化工艺技术.     

改炼高含硫原油扩能改造中蒸馏装置的防腐蚀措施

介绍了金陵分公司常减压蒸馏装置改炼高硫原油扩能改造中采取的防腐蚀措施,主要有:①在易腐蚀部位选用耐腐蚀材料或复合材料;用螺杆压缩机回收三顶(常压塔顶、浅减压塔顶和深减压塔顶)气进行系统脱硫,彻底解决三顶气燃烧对炉管和热管的腐蚀以及对环境的污染问题.②施工中加强易腐蚀部位的焊缝检测和施工监督.③及时、合理调整"一脱三注"的化学药剂用量;高温部位增注高温缓蚀剂.④全员参与防腐蚀管理.⑤应用先进腐蚀在线监测系统和塔顶回流罐或产品罐pH值在线监测系统.该装置从2004年7月10日投产以来运行良好.     

能源实时监控与信息管理系统出现的问题及解决的方法

中国石化北京燕化石油化工股份有限公司动力事业部二供水车间电气改造完成后，能源实时监控与信息管理系统出现线路名称不统一、电流互感系数变比不起作用、数据查询功能及统计报表数据的准确性等问题，严重地影响系统的使用。通过对比分析，找到了出现问题的实质，对源代码进行修改，问题得到了解决。同时也成功地解决了其他部门遇到相类似的问题。     

低勘探程度区域油气资源评价方法

目前中国油气资源勘探和开发面临后备可采储量不足，低勘探程度区域受到重视。为了提高低勘探程度区域的资源评价精度，在前人评价的基础上，通过研究并利用勘探程度较高区域的资源评价结果，求准低勘探程度区域的油气聚集量，进而模拟求出其烃排聚系数、储量密度系数、单储系数和单生系数等关键参数，提出了利用练台地质推断法对低勘探程度区域进行评价，并对该方法评价的风险进行了分析。综合地质推断法的成果更能准确反映一个盆地、坳（凹）陷或区带的油气潜力及其分布特征。