稀土微合金化对5CrNiMo钢组织和性能的影响

以稀土为微合金化元素，在实际生产条件下用常规冶炼工艺，将稀土合金以瞬时密流工艺添加到5CrNiMo钢中，采用金相显微镜、扫描电镜等对5CrNiMo钢微观组织进行了系统研究，并进行了常规力学性能和成分检测。各项试验结果表明：加入微量的稀土元素后，5CrNiMo钢中硫含量降至0．009％和0．005％的高纯度钢数量级。退火组织、淬火组织和淬火后回火组织均显著细化，在硬度、强度相当的情况下，5CrNiMo钢的冲击功与不添加稀土元素的同炉次钢相比，分别提高14J和19J，增幅达5l％和68％。在试样表面达到相同龟裂程度时，试样所需的冷热循环周次比不加稀土的试样分别提高了35％和69％。     

Grain refinement of low carbon steel produced by CSP process

In comparison with conventional production for hot strips, compact strip production (CSP) brings about some new micro-structural phenomena. Investigations were carried out to clarify the grain refinement mechanism of low carbon steel strips produced by the EAF-CSP process. Samples, obtained from the same rolling stock during continuous rolling, were examined through SEM,TEM and XEDS. Thin slabs have a dominant columnar structure and the spacing of the secondary dendrite arms ranges from 90 to ～125 μm. The average grain sizes for the central area of the samples from the 1st to 6th pass are 41.6, 25.2, 21.4, 20.2, 13.1, 6.7 μm,respectively. Large number of nanometer oxide and sulfide have been found in the low carbon steel produced by the CSP process.The grain refinement mechanism can be summarized as follows: finer solidification structure of the thin slab; austenite recrystalliza-tion at higher temperature and stain accumulation at lower temperature caused by the great reduction of single rolling pass during continuous rolling; nano-scaled precipitates of sulfide and oxide which drag grain boundaries of austenite or ferrite to prevent the grain coarsening.     

Influence of hydrogen content on the behavior of grain reflnement in hypereutectic aluminum-silicon alloy

Dissolved hydrogen is harmful to mechanical properties of refined hypereutectic aluminum-silicon alloys. In the present work, by using a stepped-form mold and the hydrogen-detecting instrument HYSCANⅡ, the relationship between the initial hydrogen content in the melt and the refinement effect on the casting of hypereutectic aluminum-silicon alloy was investigated. The experimental results show that the cooling rate, the hydrogen content and the grain refinement effect are three interactive factors. When the hydrogen content is above 0.20 mL/100 g and the cooling rate is lower than that in 50 mm-thick step, hydrogen dissolved in the alloy melt influences the grain refinement effect. With increasing the cooling rate, the critical hydrogen content increases too. It is expected that much hydrogen in the melt make the net interfacial energy larger than or equal to zero, resulting in the shielding of the particles A1P during solidification and that the critical gas content is closely related to the critical     

Refinement of packet size in low carbon bainitic steel by special thermo-mechanical control process

The packet size of bainitic steel can be refined by a special relaxation-precipitation-control phase transformation (RPC) technology, When processed by RPC process, the low carbon bainitic steel composes of two kinds of main intermediate transformation phases. One is ultra-fine lath-like bainitic ferrite and the lath is less than 1 tam in width and about 6 tam in length; the alignment of laths forms a refined packet, and the size of packets is about 5-7 ~am in length and about 3-4 tam in width, The other is acicular structure. The morphology and distribution of these acicular structures are influenced by relaxation process, the thin and short acicular structures cut the prior austenite grain and refine the bainitic packet size, For the optimum relaxation time, the packet size can be refined to the finest. The mechanical properties are influenced by relaxation time and the 800 MPa grade low carbon bainitic steel with excellent toughness can be obtained by RPC process,     

Effect of electromagnetic stirring methods on solidification structures of Sn-11% Sb binary alloy

In this paper,a spiral magnetic field electromagnetic stirrer,which can separately induce two different magnetic fields,is introduced. The corresponding central magnetic flux curves of the stirrer were measured by two different probes of the Tesla meter. Meanwhile,the mentioned spiral magnetic field electromagnetic stirrer was used,the effect of the two different magnetic fields on solidification of Sn-11% Sb binary alloy was studied,and the segregations and metallographic structures of the ingot samples were analyzed. The research results show that,with the same electromagnetic stirring parameters,the spiral magnetic field electromagnetic stirring is more effective in reducing the composition difference between the upper and lower parts of the ingot. The microstructure photos show that the grain size was more refined.     

基于软件交互行为日志的动态模型构建

建立软件交互行为模型是认识软件的内部机理和运行规律的基础。根据监控收集的典型的电子商务软件交互日志文档,挖掘其中的不变量约束规则,借鉴有限状态机构造方法构建动态模型。为确保模型的确定性和完备性,对模型进行精化和抽象,并给出了相应的建模算法。通过实例证实了该方法的正确性和有效性。     

An accelerated incremental radiosity algorithm

The incremental radiosity method has been shown to be an efficient technique for providing global illumination in dynamic environments as it exploits temporal coherence in object space.This paper presents an accelerated incremental radiosity algorithm,which is based on a dynamically followed partial matrix.This not only reduces the computation cost in determining incremental form-factors when the geometrical relationships between objects are constantly changing,but also simplifies the management of user interaction with comparatively little storage cost.     

曲面的自适应三角网格剖分

在传统的映射法基础上 ,采用自适应三角网格加密法能有效地处理带有特征约束条件的任意曲面的三角剖分问题 .在平面三角化算法中对环边统一处理 ,并且采取了一种简单有效的曲率估算方法 ,提高了运行效率 ;并在保持外观的基础上进行了网格质量的优化     

反例引导的模型检验工具的设计

针对模型组合中常见的"状态空间爆炸"问题,分析了抽象和组合两种方法各自的优缺点,采用"反例引导的抽象精化"框架和模型检验思想,将抽象和组合结合起来,为模型组合的检验提出了一种新的方法.设计了模型的抽象、组合、检验和精化算法,开发了一款基于反例引导的、图形化的模型检验工具,使用Kripke结构建立模型,用LTL描述性质,从而表明了反例引导的模型检验方法的过程.     

P-RE-Sr复合变质对A390合金组织的影响

通过加入P＋RE＋Sr对A390合金进行复合变质处理,并探讨了不同变质剂的不同变质工艺对该合金显微组织的影响.研究结果表明：当变质剂加入顺序采用先加P,变质温度为825℃,变质时间20min,接着加入RE,变质温度为825℃,变质时间10 min,再后加入Sr,变质温度为760℃,变质时间为30min,所得初晶硅尺寸为...