RuTiSnMn/Ti阳极的电化学性能

热分解制备了RuTiSnMn／Ti阳极，在4mA／cm^2的电流密度下进行了恒电流试验。通过循环伏安法和交流阻抗谱研究了阳极在35g／LNaCl溶液、20g／LNaOH溶液和模拟孔隙液中的电化学行为．利用EsEM对阳极失效前后的微观形貌进行了观察,结果表明：阳极具有优良的耐析氯、氧反应能力；钛基体逐渐形成TiO2的钝化膜使阳极的氧化物膜电阻增大，活性组元的消耗使法拉第电荷传递电阻增加，这两者最终导致阳极失效。     

常压混合脱硅工艺生产种分精液

本文介绍了碳分、种分工艺对精液硅量指数A/S的不同要求,认为种分精液单独生产是很有必要的.本文从理论上分析了目前所应用的脱硅工艺,提出了一种常压生产种分精液的方法-常压混合脱硅工艺,并对某厂采用此工艺进行种分精液生产的情况进行了简单的介绍.     

Sulfidation behavior of Fe-25Cr-20Ni-1.5Al2O3 in simulated coal combustion/gasification environments

The effect of minor addition of -Al₂O₃ dispersoids on the sulfidation behavior of Fe-25Cr-20Ni was investigated over a range of pO₂, 1.13×10^–20 to 1.18×10 ****^–22 atm. at constant pS₂=1.22×10^–8 atm. Fe-25Cr-20Ni and Fe-25Cr-20Ni 1.5 Al₂O₃ with and without preformed oxide scales were exposed to bioxidant gas mixtures H₂/H₂O/H₂S/Ar at 700° C. Both isothermal and cyclic exposures were included. Scales were characterized by a combination of several surface analytical tools. A remarkable improvement in sulfidation resistance is observed in Fe-25Cr-20Ni-1.5Al₂O₃ under the conditions investigated here. This is attributed to the ability of the alloy to form and maintain a predominantly Cr₂O₃ scale with reduced Fe-diffusion and content. Possible scientific reasons for such improvement are discussed. The base alloy, Fe-25Cr-20Ni, fails to develop and retain such a Cr₂O₃ scale and undergoes sulfidation within a few minutes of exposure. The scale breakdown process by sulfidation is explained qualitatively. Experimental evidence suggests that sulfur in the environment enhances Fe-diffusion and content in the scale.     

疲劳裂纹扩展的非比例过载效应SCIEI

本工作研究了比例(Ⅰ型)过载及非比例(复合型)过载对常幅Ⅰ型疲劳裂纹扩展的影响。结果表明:Ⅰ型过载所引起的裂纹滞后扩展效应远较复合型为强。因此,在估算疲劳寿命时将零、构件实际承受的过载(大都为非比例过载)简单地当作比例过载处理,可能会过高地估计寿命,带来不安全因素。文章从Ⅰ型及复合型过载所引起的裂纹钝化、裂端塑性区的形状、尺寸及裂纹闭合等方面讨论了它们对裂纹扩展滞后效应的影响。     

层流等离子体射流铝合金表面熔覆SiCp/Al-Si涂层的磨损过程

采用层流等离子体炬作为加热热源，在ZL104铝硅合金表面制备镍包SiCp／Al-Si复合熔覆层。磨损过程中，该熔覆层中的SiCp颗粒微凸体对磨轮的切削产生的切屑，在熔覆层表面形成机械混合层(MML)，此机械混合层硬度较高，耐磨性好，使熔覆层在磨损过程中经历了较长距离的磨损孕育阶段，从而改变了铝合金的磨损过程，延缓了中等磨损向严重磨损的转变。     

初探混联法生产氧化铝的工艺优化

在目前的生产条件下。通过大量的混联法物料衡算，定量地研究了供矿铝硅比、熟料铝硅比和拜年法赤泥铝硅比对混联法的制造成本、能耗和拜年法与烧结法的生产比例的影响规律，提出我国混联法生产进一步优化的方向和途径。并开发了研究和评价的计算软件。为混联法的生产和设计的进一步优化奠定基础。     

某一转炉或精炼炉故障下炼钢-连铸生产重调度方法及应用

炼钢-连铸生产中会出现某一台转炉或精炼炉故障, 目前已有的重调度方法没有考虑多重精炼或只进行了仿真研究, 难以有效应用到具有多重精炼的钢厂, 而采用人工调整方式则容易导致炉次等待时间过长或断浇. 为此,通过引入炉次生产状态参数, 建立0-1 混合整数规划重调度模型, 提出由“未加工”炉次的设备指派、“未加工”炉次的开工时间优化和浇铸时间调整3 部分组成的重调度方法. 将该方法应用于某钢铁厂炼钢-连铸生产调度过程的实际工程应用验证了所提出方法的有效性.

     

基于Cournot-Bertrand 混合竞争的企业集团转移定价决策

研究多部门企业集团在最终产品市场面临Cournot-Bertrand 混合竞争时的转移定价决策问题. 由动态博弈的逆向归纳求解方法可知, 均衡转移定价策略将随着最终产品之间的关系而有所差异. 当竞争对手仅生产最终产品时, 最优转移价格高于边际成本, 且采用价格-产量竞争优于产量-价格竞争; 当竞争对手为垂直一体化企业时, 采用产量-价格竞争的最优转移价格高于边际成本, 采用价格-产量竞争则低于边际成本, 而且采用产量-价格竞争优于价格-产量竞争.

     

Modelling demand response in organized wholesale energy markets

We propose a bi-level optimization model for demand response in organized wholesale energy markets. In this model, the lower level performs the economic dispatch of energy and generates the price and the upper level minimizes the total amount of demand response subject to a net benefit requirement. In an economic sense, demand response is a trade of ‘consuming rights’ instead of a sale of energy. Therefore it must be traded separately from the energy market. Although a bi-level optimization model is very hard to solve in general, we demonstrate that realistic power networks have characteristics that can be exploited to reduce the effective size of the problem instance. In particular, we transform the nonconvex net benefit test constraint to an equivalent linear form, and reformulate the nonconvex complementarity conditions of doubly bounded variables using SOS2 constraints. For realistic instances of the MPEC, we employ a three-phase approach that exploits the fast local solution from a nonlinear programming solver as well as LP-based bound strengthening within a mixed integer/SOS2 formulation. The model is tested against various data cases and settings, and generates useful insight for demand response dispatch operations in practice.