Molecularly imprinted polymers by phase inversion technique for the selective recognition of saccharides of biomedical interest in aqueous solutions

The purpose of this work was the preparation and characterization of polymeric membranes for the selective recognition of saccharides using molecular imprinting technology associated with phase inversion. A system able to bind saccharides with high selectivity is particularly important in the pharmaceutical sector, since some of these compounds are constituents of molecules which can exert serious toxic effects even at very low concentrations. Two polymeric matrices were prepared using poly(ethylene‐co‐vinyl alcohol) copolymers, with an ethylene molar content of 32% and 44%, and were imprinted with two different saccharide molecules: maltose and 2‐keto‐3‐deoxy‐d ‐manno‐octulosonate (KDO). Matrices imprinted against maltose and KDO showed an easy template extraction, high binding capability and satisfactory selectivity, particularly for the matrix with an ethylene molar content of 44%. © 2017 Society of Chemical Industry     

A comparison of the hydrolysis of sweet potato starch with β-amylase and infrared radiation allows prediction of reducing sugar production

The apparent reaction rate constants (k) of the reaction that generates reducing sugar (presented as mg maltose equivalents) from raw sweet potato starch by using β‐amylase were determined by varying enzyme concentration, starch concentration and pH. The Arrhenius plot of the k‐value reached a peak at approximately 86 °C; the activation energy and frequency factor were also determined. Moreover, the amount of reducing sugar produced in sweet potato heated by infrared irradiation was estimated by using the values of k and the kinetic parameters. The calculated amounts of reducing sugar produced generally agreed with the experimental values. These results indicate that the amount of reducing sugar produced in heat‐treated sweet potato can be predicted by the methodology described in this study.     

提高转化糖浆质量的研究

转化糖浆的质量受多种因素的影响 ,通过实验 ,确定了制备转化糖浆的最佳工艺条件 ,经工厂生产使用 ,证明这些选择是可行的     

METHODS FOR THE ANALYSIS OF C4 TO C10 FATTY ACIDS IN BEER,WORT AND CARBOHYDRATE SYRUPS

Methods have been developed for the analysis of C4 to C10 fatty acids in beer, wort and carbohydrate syrups. The methods are based on the adsorption of the aqueous samples on to solid supports followed by removal of the fatty acids with organic solvents. The methods are suitable for routine batchwise analysis of fatty acids and the reproducibility of the analysis and recoveries of the acids are generally good. Problems often encountered with analysis of C4 to C10 fatty acids and possible solutions are also discussed.     

HAP模板法制备有序多孔炭材料及其电性能研究

利用纳米羟基磷灰石(HAP)为模板,麦芽糖(MO)为碳源,通过固化、炭化等过程,制备有序多孔炭材料(HAP-C)。采用扫描电镜(SEM)、N2吸/脱附以及电化学分析方法等对HAP-C进行物理表征和电化学性能分析。结果显示,HAP/MO的质量比对HAP-C的比表面积、孔结构以及电化学性能有着重要影响。制备的多孔炭呈海绵骨架结构,具有较高的比表面积(1 073.5 m2/g)和大的孔容(3.28 cm3/g)。电化学测试显示,当HAP/MO的质量比为1∶2(HAP-C-1∶2)时,具有较高的质量比电容,在扫描速度为5 m V/s时,质量比电容达198 F/g;倍率性能测试显示,当电流密度增大25倍时,质量比电容保持率为58.0%,显示出良好的倍率性能。     

蔗汁、糖浆和废糖蜜酿制甘蔗酒的风味比较

为了了解蔗汁、糖浆和废糖蜜酿制的甘蔗蒸馏酒在风味上的区别,了解甘蔗蒸馏酒的主要风味特征,从甘蔗制糖厂采集蔗汁、糖浆和糖蜜,用粟酒裂殖酵母发酵,通过蒸馏、陈酿得到甘蔗酒,用二氯甲烷萃取法提取香味成分,用GC-MS进行分析。结果表明:10种香味成分为3种原料甘蔗蒸馏酒所共有,可能是构成甘蔗蒸馏酒特征风味的主体香味成分;糖蜜甘蔗酒（朗姆酒）含有多种美拉德反应产物表现出焦香风味的特征,而蔗汁甘蔗酒和糖浆甘蔗酒没有明显的美拉德反应产物,表现出清香的甘蔗酒的风味特征。本研究对于甘蔗酒开发时原料的选择具有指导意义,同时有利于加深对甘蔗蒸馏酒风味特征和香气成分的认识。      

无花果果脯生产中褐变糖液的脱色实验

无花果果脯蜜饯生产中糖液褐变严重影响产品质量,为确保产品质量和提高生产效益,研究褐变糖液脱色十分必要。用脱色剂方法脱色,经单因素法和正交实验法得到的最优化工艺条件是:竹质粉末活性炭+H103树脂、脱色时间60⁷0 min、脱色酸度p H7.0、脱色温度48℃、脱色剂配比m（H103）∶m（竹质粉末活性炭）=1∶2.0、脱色剂用量6.5 g/20 m L原糖液。其结果之一是糖液脱色率可达85.68%±0.18%（p<0.05）;其二是在固形物含量和色度相同下,本法所得脱色糖液与用白砂糖直接配制的糖液相比总糖量略降（低2.36%±0.08%,p<0.05）,比还原糖稍增（高2.16%±0.08%,p<0.05）,还含有蛋白质（132.4±12.4）mg/kg（p<0.05）和花青素（9.6±2.2）mg/kg（p<0.05）。且储藏效果和稳定性均更好,无花果果脯试制品也完全符合我国GB 14884-2003要求。本法可实现褐变糖液综合利用,且应用于生产可行。      

Thermomechanical study of the phase behaviour of agarose/gelatin mixtures in the presence of glucose syrup as co-solute

In an effort to draw attention to the subject of structure/function relationships in high-solid biopolymer mixtures, this investigation produces binary composites of agarose with gelatin and systematically increases the amount of glucose syrup, which is the co-solute in this system. Experimental work was carried out using small-deformation dynamic oscillation on shear and modulated differential scanning calorimetry. Agarose/gelatin mixtures in an aqueous low-solid environment form non-interactive bicontinuous networks. Addition of glucose syrup to the polymeric blend prevents the formation of stable double helices in the environment. Gelatin, on the other hand, better withstands the co-solute-induced change in solvent quality. At subzero temperatures, materials go through the rubber-to-glass transition whose DSC glass transition temperature (T_g) is governed by the total level of solids in the system. Estimation of the mechanical T_g acquires physical significance by utilising the theory of free volume, as modelled by the Williams, Landel and Ferry (WLF) equation. The single value of T_g estimated by this approach argues in accordance with experimental observations for the predominance of the gelatin network in the high-solid mixture.     

固定床色谱分离超高麦芽糖浆中的糊精

糊精是妨碍麦芽糖结晶和晶浆过滤的主要因素。从精制超高麦芽糖浆中除去糊精的有效方法之一是固定床色谱分离法。通过实验研究,证实色谱分离法可以有效地除去糊精,麦芽糖的单程收率可达50%,浓缩糖浆的结晶速度加快,晶浆过滤变得相对容易。结晶麦芽糖的纯度超过98%。     

Hydrolysis of topinambur (Jerusalem artichoke) fructans by extracellular inulinase of Kluyveromyces marxianus var. bulgaricus

Extracellular inulinase from Kluyveromyces marxianus var. bulgaricus catalysed the hydrolysis of pure inulin and the extracts of fresh and dried topinambur (Jerusalem artichoke). At an enzyme concentration of 10 IU g^?1 of substrate the three substrates were hydrolysed respectively to 65–3, 77–3 and 83–9%. The relationship between the extent of hydrolysis, reaction time and enzyme concentration was studied and a kinetic model of hydrolysis was derived.