接种固氮菌对纤维素分解过程的影响

从纤维素分解菌与联合固氮菌的接种配比,研究了混合培养对滤纸分解的影响。试验共设6个处理样,总接种量均为10%(V/V):处理Ⅰ,2%固氮菌+8%纤维素分解菌;处理Ⅱ,4%固氮菌+6%纤维素分解菌;处理Ⅲ,6%固氮菌+4%纤维素分解菌;处理Ⅳ,10%纤维素分解菌;处理Ⅴ,10%固氮菌;CK(空白对照)。结果显示:与处理Ⅳ相比,处理Ⅰ、Ⅱ的CMC酶活力及处理Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ的滤纸分解率有明显提高。接种固氮菌的各处理样中,培养液中氮素含量与CK相比均有显著提高(P<0.05),且培养过程中pH值比较平稳,而未接种固氮菌处理培养液的氮素则低于CK,pH急剧降低。所有处理样中,接种2%固氮菌效果最佳,培养192h,其CMC酶活力与滤纸分解率比处理Ⅳ分别提高43.4%、240%;与处理Ⅴ相比,固氮菌数有显著增加(P<0.05),培养液中氮含量提高28.0%。     

外源紫杉醇作用下南方红豆杉细胞凋亡及其动力学研究

利用光学显微照相技术、细胞总DNA琼脂糖凝胶电泳和TUNEL标记等手段 ,研究了外源紫杉醇(Taxol)作用下南方红豆杉细胞的凋亡及其动力学。研究结果表明 ,外源紫杉醇能显著提高南方红豆杉细胞凋亡的速率和发生率 ,表明高浓度紫杉醇不利于细胞的生长。凋亡动力学研究对指导大规模植物细胞培养生产紫杉醇具有重要意义     

用D_2EHPA-煤油溶剂萃取分离L-异亮氨酸

本文研究了从发酵液中用D2EHPA－煤油溶剂萃取分离L－异亮氨酸工艺．考察了萃取时pH值、萃取剂浓度和异亮氨酸浓度对于异亮氨酸和缬氨酸的萃取分配比的影响．在计算机上进行回归，得到以下分配模型：当1≤pH≤3．5时lgDIle＝0．09906pH2＋0．8625pH＋2．2696lgCHR－0．09188lg2CIle＋0．1766lgCIle－1．366lgDrmVal＝－0．0293pH2＋0．550pH＋1．2659lgCHR－0．2420lg2CIle＋0．4549lgCIle－1．696用此模型，应用分馏萃取理论，进行逐级计算，求取了萃取工艺的主要参数，并在φ20mm的多级离心萃取器上对上述结果进行了验证．结果表明：当CHR浓度为1．5mol／L，相比V：L：L’＝2：1：2，N’＝3，N＝6时，异亮氨酸的收率达到90％以上，纯度＞99％．实验取得了较为满意的结果．     

Synthesis of polymer materials for use as cell culture substrates

Up to today, several techniques have been used to maintain cells in culture for studying many aspects of cell biology and physiology. More often, cell culture is dependent on proper anchorage of cells to the growth surface. Thus, poly-l-lysine, fibronectin or laminin are the most commonly used substrates. In this study, electrosynthesized biocompatible polymer films are proposed as an alternative to these standard substrates. The electrosynthesized polymers tested were polyethylenimine, polypropylenimine and polypyrrole. Then, the adhesion, proliferation and morphology of rat neuronal cell lines were investigated on these polymer substrates in an attempt to develop new and efficient polymer materials for cell culture. During their growth on the polymers, the evolution of the cell morphology was monitored using both confocal microscopy and immunohistochemistry, leading to the conclusion of a normal development. An estimation of the adhesion and proliferation rates of rat neuronal cell cultures indicated that polyethylenimine and polypropylenimine were the best substrates for culturing olfactory neuronal cells. A method to favour the differentiation of the neuronal cells was also developed since the final aim of this work is to develop a biosensor for odour detection using differentiated neuronal cells as transducers. Consequently, a biosensor was microfabricated using silicon technology. This microsystem allowed us to culture the cells on a silicon wafer and to position the cells on certain parts of the silicon wafer.     

超滤-反渗透集成工艺处理玉米酒糟废水

研究了玉米酒精生产过程中产生的玉米酒糟废水的膜分离过程,开发了处理玉米酒糟废水的超滤-反渗透集成工艺。超滤选用截留相对分子质量为6 000的GR81PP膜平板分离器,入口压力控制为0.6 MPa,操作温度为50℃;反渗透选用标准脱盐率为90%的ESNAI-4040卷式膜分离器,入口压力控制为2.2 MPa,操作温度为40℃。反渗透透过液中蛋白质的平均截留率为94.70%,甘油的平均截留率为65.15%,COD值降到1 000 mg/L左右,可作为工艺回用水,而且反渗透浓缩液中可回收甘油等有用物质,超滤浓缩液可浓缩成饲料,节能效果显著。     

蔗渣浆低浓黑液多聚物粘度对温度依赖性的关联模型

利用聚合物自由体积理论模拟了蔗渣浆低浓黑液对粘度对温度的依赖性的数学模型，最终得出黑液多聚物粘度与温度的相关式：η=A1exp[B1/(T-T0)]。利用示差扫描量热分析技术（DSC）得出了蔗渣黑液多聚物中连续相与分散相的转变曲线，并获得了表观温度T0的平均值为255K；通过实验数据拟合可回归出蔗渣黑液多聚物在不同浓度时的系数A1和B1值。因此，使用该粘度的数学模型可估算蔗渣低浓（接近40％固含量）黑液多聚物在操作温度范围内（20－100℃）的粘度值。     

糖蜜酒精废液OD值测定条件的确定

糖蜜酒精废液光密度的测定没有统一的方法,通过正交试验和单因素试验,对糖蜜酒精废液的光密度(OD)值的测定条件进行了研究。结果表明在波长为400nm和自然pH值的测定条件下,OD值最大,稀释度为20倍时光密度值落在最佳读数范围内。     

Ethanol production from raw starch by a recombinant yeast having saccharification and fermentation activities

In order to develop a method for converting raw starch into ethanol efficiently, direct fermentation of ozonized raw starch using a recombinant yeast was investigated. Ozonolysis was carried out as a pretreatment to convert raw starch into ethanol rapidly and efficiently, and then the effect of the ozone degradation conditions on the degree of polymerization and the amount of amylose in a raw starch was determined. Since the degree of polymerization was low and the amount of amylose was high, raw starch treated with an ozone concentration of 40 gm^?3 and an ozonation time of 30 min was the material chosen for alcohol fermentation. Though the recombinant yeast could not convert the untreated raw starch, it converted the soluble starch and the ozonized raw starch at a comparatively high yield into ethanol. About 56% of the ozonized raw starch decomposed, and the ethanol concentration obtained from the ozonized raw starch was markedly greater than that obtained from untreated raw starch. The dynamic behavior of cell growth, substrate degradation, and ethanol production was examined in a continuous culture under various dilution rates, and the optimal dilution rate, ie 0.15 h^?1, was determined for maximizing the ethanol productivity (amount of ethanol produced per unit time). © 2002 Society of Chemical Industry     

民族文化差异与日用陶瓷的文化营销

在经济全球化的背景下,由于民族文化、区域文化差异性和多样性的存在,日用陶瓷企业在开展国际营销活动时需要一个行之有效的营销策略。本文通过分析民族文化差异,为日用陶瓷企业实施国际文化营销提供一些建议。     

玉米浆为有机氮源的L-乳酸发酵的研究

利用细菌厌氧发酵生产L-乳酸,以降低L-乳酸生产成本为主要目的,实验以玉米浆为有机氮源,以硫酸铵为主要无机氮源,研究了不同接种量对发酵过程的影响;并就以玉米浆替代酵母粉、豆粕水解液、生物素为有机氮源的L-乳酸发酵进行了对比研究实验,实验证明了玉米浆做为有机氮源用于L-乳酸发酵的可行性。在保证生产能力的同时,使用玉米浆为有机氮源对进一步降低L-乳酸生产成本,减少玉米浆对环境的污染进行了探索。