0.2 mT Residual offset of CMOS integrated vertical Hall sensors

A residual offset lower than 0.2 mT is obtained with a CMOS integrated vertical Hall (VH)-sensor microsystem. Instead of the conventional design with five contacts in the sensor active area, we apply a layout with only four contacts. This design shows a higher effectiveness for the offset reduction by the spinning current (SC) method, because of the symmetrical current flow for the two different biasing phases. Furthermore, to obtain very low offsets, coupled sensors are integrated with the spinning current electronics in the final microsystem. A sensitivity up to S_v=0.025 V/VT is achieved for these sensors without any additional technology step. The measured output noise level of the integrated microsystem (1.9 μT/ ) is in the usual range of commercial integrated Hall-sensors. Our new developments open the way to the realization of compact, low-cost angular sensors with 10 bit resolution.     

Relationship between static electrification of transformer oils with turbidity and spectrophotometry measurements

The paper presents the research results on electrostatic charging tendency (ECT) of transformer oil in a spinning disk system. The measurements were performed at different aging severity. Changes in static electrification were related to some classical aging indexes (conductivity, dissipation factor, water content, resistivity, etc.). Fast, inexpensive and reliable laboratory testing procedures developed by ASTM (D 6802 and D 6181) were also used to monitor the decay products as trace impurities. The obtained results show that static electrification currents increase with temperature, oil flow velocity, coating disk material properties and oil’s aging byproducts. The polarity, the amplitude and the time constant of the streaming electrification currents are also affected. This contribution is not only intended to provide a fresh review in this domain of research, but also contains a substantial amount of new material with a view of closing some gaps in the present state of knowledge of transformer oil streaming electrification phenomenon.     

Review of the recent developments in cellulose nanocomposite processing

This review addresses the recent developments of the processing of cellulose nanocomposites, focusing on the most used techniques, including solution casting, melt-processing of thermoplastic cellulose nanocomposites and resin impregnation of cellulose nanopapers using thermoset resins. Important techniques, such as partially dissolved cellulose nanocomposites, nanocomposite foams reinforced with nanocellulose, as well as long continuous fibers or filaments, are also addressed. It is shown how the research on cellulose nanocomposites has rapidly increased during the last 10 years, and manufacturing techniques have been developed from simple casting to these more sophisticated methods. To produce cellulose nanocomposites for commercial use, the processing of these materials must be developed from laboratory to industrially viable methods.     

灯具罩旋压机专用数控系统的设计与实现

在灯具罩生产行业至今没有由专用数控系统组成的旋压机床,大部分由通用数控机床改造而成,故数控系统功能浪费、数控旋压机床成本高。因此,采用工控机、伺服驱动器和变频器等硬件设备,设计了灯具罩数控旋压机床的电气控制系统,并根据灯具罩的几何形状和旋压加工工艺,开发了灯具罩旋压轨迹控制模型,在此基础上研制了灯具罩数控旋压机床的专用数控系统。该系统只要将模具参数、加工轨迹外轮廓参数和灯具罩加工参数输入专用数控系统,就可以按照设定算法自动生成加工轨迹图,滚刀按照轨迹图自动进行旋压加工,从而实现加工过程的全自动控制。     

Influence of the Disk Diameter and Baffle Position on the Performance of Generated Colloidal Gas Aphrons

Aphrons are surfactant‐stabilized microbubbles with thick soapy shells. Colloidal gas aphrons (CGA) with an average diameter of 50 μm have some unique properties: a high interfacial area due to their small size, a thick soapy shell and, above all, high stability compared to conventional foams. Various factors that can influence the performance of CGA dispersion, such as the type and concentration of surfactant, mixing time and processing parameters, have already been extensively studied. However, although CGA applications in various fields continue to advance, the influence of the disk diameter and baffle position of the aphron generator on the performance of CGAs has not been well studied. In this experimental work, the influences of the spinning disk diameter and baffle position inside the aphron generator have been investigated. Analyzing the drainage curve of various experimental runs revealed that the disk diameter and baffle position might have a positive impact on the stability of CGA dispersion particularly when the generation time or surfactant concentration is low. The experimental findings have been supported by other techniques such as half‐life time and a new stability index, T_0.1, the time elapsed when the drained liquid from CGA dispersion reaches ten percent of its final height.     

关于涤纶POY纺丝油剂发展问题的思考

本文针对我国涤纶长丝的纺丝技术与生产能力方面所存在的问题,提出了有关POY纺丝油剂发展对策的见解。     

奥氏体不锈钢高精度薄璧管的旋压工艺研究

本文叙述了1Cr18Ni9Ti钢高精度薄壁管的旋压工艺。该薄壁管璧厚为0.35mm,长度600mm,壁厚偏差≤0.01mm,粗糙度Rα0.63～1.25μm。通过试验找出了比较理想的旋压工艺参数,文章还讨论了影响旋压薄璧管精度的主要因素。     

水电站和蓄能电站事故旋转备用效益评估模型

本文提出了水电站和蓄能电站承担事故旋转备用时的效益评估模型和算法，其独特之处是考虑了各台机组故障之间以及机组故障与负荷变化之间的相关性和不同类型机组的技术、经济、可靠性特征，并通过概率生产模拟从生产成本和可靠性指标两方面评价方案的优劣．实例分析表明，结果是合理的，并具有较高的实用价值．     

Vibration analysis of a rotating flexible shaft–disk system

Free vibrations of a spinning disk–shaft system are analysed using the finite-element method. The spinning disk is described by the Kirchhoff plate theory. The shaft is modelled by a rotating beam. Using Lagrange’s principle and including the rigid-body translation and tilting motion, equations of motion of the spinning flexible disk and shaft are derived consistently to satisfying the geometric compatibility conditions on the internal boundaries among the substructures. The finite-element method is then used to discretize the derived governing equations. The method is applied to the shaft–disk spinning system. The sensitivity to the running speed as well as the effect of both disk flexibility and boundary condition on the natural frequencies of the spinning system are numerically investigated.     

Robust Graded Sliding Mode Tracking Control for Low Speed Spinning Ballistic Missiles

The nonlinear dynamic model of spinning ballistic missiles is established during the first boosting phase of the missile. Based on the conventional backstepping sliding mode control and the assumption of a two time-scale separation of missile dynamics, a graded sliding mode controller is designed with two sub-sliding surfaces which have invariability to external disturbances and parameter perturbations, and a matrix which comprises three first order low pass filters is introduced to prevent ＂explosion of terms＂. Owing to the upper bounds of the uncertainties are difficult to obtain in advance, adaptive laws are introduced to estimate the values of the uncertainties in real-time. Eventually, the numerical simulation results given to show the proposed controller can ensure the steady flight of missiles.