Mn-SOD的纯化方法研究

以嗜热芽孢杆菌B．S110—2所产Mn—SOD为研究对象,对其纯化方法进行了研究,用碱处理的方法替代了传统的硫酸铵分级沉淀蛋白的方法;通过对金属螯合层析中二价金属离子的选择及洗脱液pH的选择,初步建立了一套适合分离纯化Mn-SOD的金属螯合层析体系,为实际生物产品的分离奠定了基础。     

细菌和真菌分解低品位磷矿

研究了枯草芽孢杆菌、假单孢菌和曲霉对低品位磷矿粉的分解作用. 结果表明,3种菌株均显著促进了磷矿粉中磷的浸出,磷的浸出率最高可达7%,其中曲霉的解磷能力远强于枯草芽孢杆菌和假单孢菌,进一步证实了真菌的解磷能力强于细菌. 磷矿粉用量越低,磷的浸出率越高. 随培养时间增加,磷的浸出率逐渐升高,但培养到15 d后磷的浸出几乎达到饱和. 另外,碳源浓度为3%时,枯草芽孢杆菌和假单孢菌培养液中磷的浸出率最高,而碳源浓度为2%时曲霉培养液中磷的浸出率达到最高,浓度过高或过低均抑制磷的浸出.     

枯草芽孢杆菌Dg5041液体发酵生产γ-聚谷氨酸

以枯草芽孢杆菌Dg5041为生产菌,对其摇瓶发酵生产γ–聚谷氨酸(γ-PGA)的工艺进行研究,通过单因素实验和正交实验获得了该菌的优化培养条件。优化的培养基组成为:葡萄糖35 g/L,酵母膏10 g/L,谷氨酸钠40 g/L,MgSO41.0 g/L,K2HPO4 2.0 g/L,MnSO40.5 g/L,pH 7.0,250 mL锥形瓶装液量50 mL。菌种在37℃,120 r/min培养24 h加入5%NaCl后继续培养24 h,γ-PGA产量达到18.54 g/L。研究结果表明,枯草芽孢杆菌Dg5041是一株很有潜力的γ-PGA高产菌。     

纳豆激酶液体发酵条件的优化

以纳豆枯草芽孢杆菌(Bacillus subtilis natto)为出发菌,研究了其液体发酵产生纳豆激酶(Nattokinase,NK)的培养基组成(碳源、氮源、碳氮比和金属离子组成)和培养条件(温度、初始pH值、发酵时间、接种量和装液量)对产酶量的影响.结果表明,液体发酵培养基的最佳碳源为麦芽糖,浓度为1.0%;最...     

Effects of nitrogen ion irradiation on endoglucanase activity and gene mutation of Bacillus subtilis Bac01

Bacillus subtilis Bac01 was mutated by 15 keV N+ ions of 1.5×1016 cm-2.The mutant strain Bacll with high yield of endoglucanase was isolated using carboxymethylcellulose sodium and congo red indicative plates.It exhibited higher endoglucanase activitiy (381.89IU) than the original strain Bac01 (93.33IU).Two 1,500 bp endoglucanase gene fragments were obtained with PCR amplification from B.subtilis Bac01 and mutant strain Bac11.BLAST comparison result indicated that 10 nucleotides mutated.Bioinformatics methods were used to analyze the two predicted amino acid sequences,and it was found that 5 amino acid residues changed,being all in the cellulose-binding domain of endoglucanase.     

高温大曲中高产四甲基吡嗪芽孢杆菌的分离鉴定及发酵条件优化

该研究从高温大曲中分离筛选产四甲基吡嗪（TTMP）芽孢杆菌,采用细胞形态学观察、生理生化试验及分子生物学技术对高产四甲基吡嗪菌株进行鉴定,并优化四甲基吡嗪产量最高菌株的发酵条件。结果表明,经初筛从高温大曲中分离出20株产四甲基吡嗪芽孢杆菌（编号为WH1～WH20）,经过复筛得到四甲基吡嗪产量较高的菌株WH7、WH10和WH20。其中菌株WH7和WH20被鉴定为副淀粉芽孢杆菌（Bacillus paramycoides）,菌株WH10被鉴定贝莱斯芽孢杆菌（Bacillus velezensis）。菌株WH10的最佳发酵条件为：前发酵温度37℃、前发酵时间72 h,后发酵温度60℃,后发酵时间20 h,初始pH值6.5,铵盐添加量4 g/L。在此优化条件下,四甲基吡嗪产量为728.38 mg/L,比优化前提高了167%。     

Physicochemical and Theoretical Characterization of a New Small Non-Metal Schiff Base with a Differential Antimicrobial Effect against Gram-Positive Bacteria

Searching for adequate and effective compounds displaying antimicrobial activities, especially against Gram-positive bacteria, is an important research area due to the high hospitalization and mortality rates of these bacterial infections in both the human and veterinary fields. In this work, we explored (E)-4-amino-3-((3,5-di-tert-butyl-2-hydroxybenzylidene)amino) benzoic acid (SB-1, harboring an intramolecular hydrogen bond) and (E)-2-((4-nitrobenzilidene)amino)aniline (SB-2), two Schiff bases derivatives. Results demonstrated that SB-1 showed an antibacterial activity determined by the minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) against Staphylococcus aureus, Enterococcus faecalis, and Bacillus cereus (Gram-positive bacteria involved in human and animal diseases such as skin infections, pneumonia, diarrheal syndrome, and urinary tract infections, among others), which was similar to that shown by the classical antibiotic chloramphenicol. By contrast, this compound showed no effect against Gram-negative bacteria (Klebsiella pneumoniae, Escherichia coli, and Salmonella enterica). Furthermore, we provide a comprehensive physicochemical and theoretical characterization of SB-1 (as well as several analyses for SB-2), including elemental analysis, ESMS, ¹H and ¹³C NMR (assigned by 1D and 2D techniques), DEPT, UV-Vis, FTIR, and cyclic voltammetry. We also performed a computational study through the DFT theory level, including geometry optimization, TD-DFT, NBO, and global and local reactivity analyses.     

矿化细菌Bacillus paramycoides对重金属Pb(Ⅱ)和Cd(Ⅱ)的去除及矿化特性

随着金属矿山开采和冶炼活动的增加,重金属污染问题日益严峻,微生物诱导生物矿化可有效固定重金属离子,被认为是一种重要的重金属污染环境修复工艺,对重金属污染生态修复有重要的现实意义。本研究从贵州黔西北某铅锌矿区周边土壤中分离出一株耐Pb(II)和Cd(II)菌株GS-2,经形态学特征和16S rRNA鉴定为Bacillus paramycoides,菌株GS-2对Pb(II)和Cd(II)的耐受分别高达1500和50 mg/L,对250 mg/L Pb(II)和5 mg/L Cd(II)去除率分别为99.54%和69.04%,对重金属Pb(II) 和Cd(II)（均为25 mg/L）混合去除率分别为99.73%和71.6%。SEM-EDS、FTIR和XRD结果显示,菌株通过表面的羟基、羧基、酰胺基和磷酸基团等官能团将Pb(II)和Cd(II)诱导矿化成Ca2.5Pb7.5(OH)2(PO4)6、Ca2.1Pb7.9Cl2(PO4)6、Pb3(PO4)2、Pb5(PO4)3OH、Pb9(PO4)6、Pb10(PO4)6(OH)2和Ca0.67Cd0.33CO3等晶体矿物。菌株GS-2具有较好的去除和矿化能力,对环境中Pb(II)和Cd(II)污染的生物修复具有一定应用潜力。     

耐酒精半纤维素降解菌的筛选、鉴定及产酶分析

从石油污染严重地区的贫瘠土壤中筛选得到的一株高产木聚糖酶且能够耐受一定浓度酒精的细菌,经生理生化实验及16SrDNA鉴定为短小芽孢杆菌(Bacillus pumilus),命名为DT83。对其产木聚糖酶的发酵条件进行优化,结果表明:最适碳源为木聚糖,最适氮源为蛋白胨,产酶最适温度为28℃,最佳初始pH值为8.5。SDS-PAGE分析表明,木聚糖酶分子量约为23kD。DT83和E.coli BL21的酒精耐受实验结果比较表明,DT83具有较高酒精耐受度,可达到8%～10%。     

胶质芽孢杆菌对水中Pb2+生物吸附-浮选性能研究

用胶质芽孢杆菌作吸附剂,探讨了采用生物吸附-浮选法去除水相中Pb2 的可能性,并对生物吸附机理和吸附剂与捕收剂的作用机理进行了分析.结果表明,用阳离子型捕收剂对胶质芽孢杆菌有较高的去除率,在pH为3～6的范围内,用十二胺浮选吸附了Pb2 的胶质芽孢杆菌,可获得较好的菌细胞和Pb2 的去除效果.在浮选pH=6.25、十二胺用量为0.375 mol/L时,菌细胞和Pb2 的去除率均达到了98%以上.选用Na2CO3作为解吸剂,浓度为1.2 mol/L、pH=4.75时,对吸附Pb2 后的胶质芽孢杆菌的解吸效果可以达到100%.动电位测试和红外光谱分析结果表明,胶质芽孢杆菌的自然等电点为2.39,吸附Pb2 后变为2.83,菌细胞与Pb2 的吸附过程主要与细胞多糖成分有关,吸附过程主要是静电吸引;吸附了Pb2 的菌细胞用十二胺浮选后等电点增至2.94,十二胺对菌细胞的浮选与细胞表面的酰胺基团和缔合-OH有关,吸附过程中有静电力、氢键和范德华力参与.