The limits of path error-neglecting in straight lane driving

Abstract

It is argued that driving cannot simply be considered as a permanent, closed-loop task. Time-to-line-crossing (TLC) is used as a measure to quantify the potential role of visual open-loop and path-error-neglecting strategies. Basically, TLC represents the time available for a driver to neglect path errors until the moment at which any part of the vehicle reaches one of the lane boundaries. The strategy adopted by drivers during error-neglecting should be represented in terms of decision rules, describing how drivers switch from error-neglecting to error-correcting when approaching the edge of a lane. The experiment to be presented in this paper was designed to provide these rules for a straight lane-keeping task. Drivers were instructed to neglect the vehicle path error and to switch to error-correcting only at that moment when the vehicle heading could still comfortably be corrected to prevent a crossing of the lane boundary. The results show that the lateral distance from the lane boundary at which drivers switch to error-correction increases about linearly with the lateral approach speed. This mechanism results in an approximately constant TLC (time) distance at the moment of decision: this result being consistent over a broad range of speeds.     

单车场关联物流运输调度问题的混沌遗传算法

提出了关联物流运输调度问题(Incident Vehicle Routing Problem,IVRP)概念,建立了单车场单车型的IVRP模型,并用混沌遗传算法求解关联物流运输调度问题.混沌遗传算法的基本思想是把混沌变量加载于遗传算法的变量群体中,利用混沌变量对子代群体进行微小扰动并随着搜索过程的进行逐渐调整扰动幅度.研究表明,该方法能有效地解决关联物流运输调度问题.     

带时间窗动态车辆路径问题的优化调度策略

针对带时间窗动态车辆路径问题(DVRPTW),根据优化时间点的选取建立DVRPTW的一系列静态子模型,研究优化调度策略,分别是基于新顾客插入后的重复优化方法、批处理的方法或两者的混合。通过定义紧急顾客,提出一种新的紧急顾客插入和分批驱动调度策略,该策略只需实时插入紧急顾客,具有快速响应、计算负荷小和路径计划更新频率低的优点。仿真对比实验比较了4种策略的优劣,并探讨分批优化间隔长度对调度性能的影响。     

重型车辆防抱死系统控制算法仿真研究

文章提出了一种新型的NPID非线性控制算法,并将其应用于重型车辆ABS(防抱死制动系统)问题中。NPID算法不仅鲁棒性强,而且参数便于整定。使用仿真软件TruckSim,在各种情况下的仿真结果显示,相对于常规的PID控制器,NPID控制器具有更短的制动距离和更好的速度表现。     

无人机组合导航系统信息融合方法研究

针对小型无人机通常采用的无线电导航,综合考虑无人机具体情况以及其它导航方式的特点,提出了一种将无线电导航系统(RP)、全球导航星系统(GN SS)、多普勒导航系统(DN S)、地形辅助导航系统(TAN)和景象匹配导航系统(SMN)组合起来,取长补短,构成基于联邦卡尔曼滤波器的DR/RP/GN SS/DN S/TAN/SMN组合导航系统。仿真结果表明,该方法完全可以满足导航精度的要求。     

Vehicle routing concepts in the closed-loop container network of ARN—a case study

In this paper we discuss a real-life case study to optimize the logistics network for the collection of containers from end-of-life vehicle dismantlers in the Netherlands. Advanced planning concepts, such as dynamic assignment of dismantlers to logistic service providers, are analyzed using a simulation model. Based on this model, we periodically solve a vehicle routing problem to gain insight into the long-term performance of the system. The vehicle routing problem considered is a multi-depot pickup and delivery problem with alternative delivery locations. A special characteristic of the problem is the limited vehicle capacity of two containers. We solve this problem with a heuristic based on route generation and set partitioning.     

车牌识别系统的设计与实现

针对某市电子警察的需要设计了车牌识别系统。本方案选用的是基于小波变换的车牌定位和基于改进的BP神经网络的字符识别。用该方法构造的车牌识别系统识别率高、识别速度快、车牌定位准确，在实际运用中取得了良好的运行效果。     

一种实用的Gabor滤波器组参数设置方法

Gabor滤波器的参数设置是Gabor特征提取过程中的一个重要问题。文中针对现有方法(实验法和优化法)的优缺点，提出一种实用的Gaobr 滤波器组参数设置方法，该方法根据Gabor特征与滤波器方向参数之间具有垂直关系的性质，人为确定方向参数。在每个特定方向，以滤波器的频率带宽参数为指导，基于Fisher准则，进行最佳单Gabor滤波器的设计。确定的滤波器组在性能上是接近最优的，同时算法实现简单，具有较好的实用性和数据相关的特点。在车辆检测和车型识别两类实验中验证了文中方法的有效性和可行性。     

特种车辆驾驶员辅助观察系统设计方法

本文提出了一种基于盲区分析的多摄像头的驾驶员辅助观察系统的设想。通过简化的模型分析了车外盲区,分析了摄像头的安装方法。最后设计了一个试验系统,该系统减少了原本存在的大部分车外盲区,扩大了驾驶员的视野,取得了很好的效果。     

信息融合技术在不停车收费系统中的应用

分析了信息融合技术在不停车收费系统中应用的可行性,介绍了信息融合技术在不停车收费系统中的具体应用、软件设计方法,提出了采用联合证据的方法提高车辆判断的可信度。