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81.
O.V. Borisov F. Hakem T.A. Vilgis J.-F. Joanny A. Johner 《The European physical journal. E, Soft matter》2001,6(1):37-47
We present a scaling theory for the adsorption of a weakly charged polyelectrolyte chain in a poor solvent onto an oppositely
charged surface. Depending on the fraction of charged monomers and on the solvent quality for uncharged monomers, the globule
in the bulk of the solution has either a spherical conformation or a necklace structure. At sufficiently high surface charge
density, a chain in the globular conformation adsorbs in a flat pancake conformation due to the Coulombic attraction to the
oppositely charged surface. Different adsorption regimes are predicted depending on two screening lengths (the Debye screening
length monitored by the salt concentration and the Gouy-Chapman length monitored by the surface charge density), on the degree
of ionization of the polymer and on the solvent strength. At low bulk ionic strength, an increase in the surface charge density
may induce a transition from an adsorbed necklace structure to a uniform pancake due to the enhanced screening of the intra-chain
Coulombic repulsion by the counterions localized near the surface.
Received 12 April 2001 相似文献
82.
研究了双模最小关联混态在不同参数情况下的量子统计性质.发现在一定的参数范围内双模最小关联混态的二阶相干性违反经典的Cauchy-Schwartz不等式,呈现非经典性相关;同时对双模最小关联混态的压缩特性、亚泊松分布等非经典性质进行了分析,通过数值计算得出,每模光子的压缩性及其亚泊松分布均与参数d的取值密切相关. 相似文献
83.
E. Scalas U. Garibaldi S. Donadio 《The European Physical Journal B - Condensed Matter and Complex Systems》2007,60(2):271-272
This erratum corrects a mistake in reference [E. Scalas, U. Garibaldi, S. Donadio, Eur. Phys. J. B 53, 267 (2006)].
In that paper,
we needed an aperiodic version of the BDY game, but, in formula (1),
we incorrectly presented
a periodic transition matrix of period 2 in the special case of g = 2 agents.
Here, we present the right aperiodic version. 相似文献
84.
Recently, Bauke and Mertens conjectured that the local statistics of energies in random spin systems with discrete spin space
should in most circumstances be the same as in the random energy model. We review some rigorous results confirming the validity
of this conjecture. In the context of the SK models, we analyse the limits of the validity of the conjecture for energy levels
growing with the volume of the system. In the case of the Generalised Random energy model, we give a complete analysis for
the behaviour of the local energy statistics at all energy scales. In particular, we show that, in this case, the REM conjecture
holds exactly up to energies E
N
< β
c
N, where β
c
is the critical temperature. We also explain the more complex behaviour that sets in at higher energies.
Research supported in part by the DFG in the Dutch-German Bilateral Research Group “Mathematics of Random Spatial Models from
Physics and Biology” and by the European Science Foundation in the Programme RDSES. 相似文献
85.
B. Dybiec L. Schimansky-Geier 《The European Physical Journal B - Condensed Matter and Complex Systems》2007,57(3):313-320
We study the stationary probability density of a Brownian particle in a potential with a single-well subject to the purely
additive thermal and dichotomous noise sources. We find situations where bimodality of stationary densities emerges due to
presence of dichotomous noise. The solutions are constructed using stochastic dynamics (Langevin equation) or by discretization
of the corresponding Fokker-Planck equations. We find that in models with both noises being additive the potential has to
grow faster than |x| in order to obtain bimodality. For potentials ∝|x| stationary solutions are always of the double exponential
form. 相似文献
86.
An infinitely extending homogenous partially ionized plasma endowed with several physical mechanisms and permeated by a variable magnetic field is considered. The combined effect of these parameters, namely, Hall currents, finite conductivity, ion viscosity, collision with neutrals and thermal conductivity on the gravitational instability of the plasma is studied. It is found that the several mechanisms play different physical roles in the perturbed problem. Jeans' Criterion is analyzed in the framework of Tsallis' statistics for possible modifications due to the presence of nonextensive effects. A simple generalization of the Jeans' criterion is obtained and the standard values are obtained in the limiting case q = 1, q being the nonextensive parameter. (© 2007 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim) 相似文献
87.
Ozhan Kayacan 《Physica A》2007,383(2):391-400
In this study, the nematic-isotropic phase transition is investigated for a sample in the shape of a slab of thickness d, using nonextensive formalism. The interaction potential is written as the sum of the direct interaction of a given nematic molecule with the substrate and of its incomplete interaction with the other nematic molecules due to the presence of the limiting surface. In this framework, we show the effects of the nonextensivity on the nematic-isotropic transition at the nematic-wall interface. The generalized model can shed light on the properties of nematic liquid crystal confined in small-scale structures. 相似文献
88.
We introduce an agent-based model for the spreading of technological developments in socio-economic systems where the technology is mainly used for the collaboration/interaction of agents. Agents use products of different technologies to collaborate with each other which induce costs proportional to the difference of technological levels. Additional costs arise when technologies of different providers are used. Agents can adopt technologies and providers of their interacting partners in order to reduce their costs leading to microscopic rearrangements of the system. Analytical calculations and computer simulations revealed that starting from a random configuration of different technological levels a complex time evolution emerges where the spreading of advanced technologies and the overall technological progress of the system are determined by the amount of advantages more advanced technologies provide, and by the structure of the social environment of agents. We show that agents tend to form clusters of identical technological level with a power law size distribution. When technological progress arises, the spreading of technologies in the system can be described by extreme order statistics. 相似文献
89.
Product probability property, known in the literature as statistical independence, is examined first. Then generalized entropies are introduced, all of which give generalizations to Shannon entropy. It is shown that the nature of the recursivity postulate automatically determines the logarithmic functional form for Shannon entropy. Due to the logarithmic nature, Shannon entropy naturally gives rise to additivity, when applied to situations having product probability property. It is argued that the natural process is non-additivity, important, for example, in statistical mechanics [C. Tsallis, Possible generalization of Boltzmann-Gibbs statistics, J. Stat. Phys. 52 (1988) 479-487; E.G.D. Cohen, Boltzmann and Einstein: statistics and dynamics—an unsolved problem, Pramana 64 (2005) 635-643.], even in product probability property situations and additivity can hold due to the involvement of a recursivity postulate leading to a logarithmic function. Generalized entropies are introduced and some of their properties are examined. Situations are examined where a generalized entropy of order α leads to pathway models, exponential and power law behavior and related differential equations. Connection of this entropy to Kerridge's measure of “inaccuracy” is also explored. 相似文献
90.