激光选区熔化Ti-6Al-4V合金的动态力学性能及其本构关系

为了开展激光选区熔化（SLM）增材制造钛合金的动态力学性能研究,分别采用热模拟材料试验机、分离式霍普金森压杆装置对激光选区熔化钛合金在不同温度下进行了准静态和动态压缩实验,并基于实验结果拟合Johnson-Cook本构模型,同时对钛合金在高温、高应变率下的力学行为进行了有限元模拟。结果表明,相对于铸造或锻造钛合金,激光选区熔化钛合金具有更细小、均匀的组织,使其屈服强度有明显的提升,且表现出明显的应变率强化效应和热软化效应。有限元模拟结果与实验有着较高的重合度,进一步验证了本构参数的有效性,为扩大激光选区熔化技术及其产品的应用提供了理论基础。     

爆炸冲击波作用下人体肺部的损伤

为探究肺部爆炸伤的致伤机制与评价指标,构建了人体-爆炸流场有限元模型,通过与爆炸事故中人员损伤情况比对,验证了模型的有效性。共进行39个爆炸工况的数值模拟,通过改变爆炸当量与距离,使得胸部受到不同量级爆炸载荷作用,肺部损伤等级从无损伤到严重损伤。通过分析爆炸流场分布、胸腔动力学响应、肺部应力分布等阐明肺部爆炸伤的力学机制。基于人体有限元模型输出的损伤响应,提出肺部爆炸伤的评价指标。研究结果表明:在爆炸载荷作用下,胸前壁高速撞击胸腔脏器,导致肺部产生应力波。随后在惯性作用下,胸前壁持续挤压胸腔脏器,并造成胸腔变形。应力波是造成肺部损伤的主要原因,胸腔变形挤压肺部造成的损伤风险较低。肺部损伤集中在靠近胸前壁及心脏的区域。胸骨速度峰值和胸骨加速度峰值可作为肺部爆炸伤的评价指标。胸部压缩量及黏性响应系数不能反映应力波对肺部造成的损伤,不适合评价肺部爆炸伤。     

NODAL O（h^4）-SUPERCONVERGENCE IN 3D BY AVERAGING PIECEWISE LINEAR,BILINEAR, AND TRILINEAR FE APPROXIMATIONS

We construct and analyse a nodal O（h^4）-superconvergent FE scheme for approximating the Poisson equation with homogeneous boundary conditions in three-dimensional domains by means of piecewise trilinear functions. The scheme is based on averaging the equations that arise from FE approximations on uniform cubic, tetrahedral, and prismatic partitions. This approach presents a three-dimensional generalization of a two-dimensional averaging of linear and bilinear elements which also exhibits nodal O（h^4）-superconvergence （ultracon- vergence）. The obtained superconvergence result is illustrated by two numerical examples.     

半线性抛物方程的时空有限元方法的误差估计

<正>1引言本文考虑如下半线性抛物方程(?)其中Ω∈R~2.函数f(u):C→C满足:(1)|f(u)|≤c|u|(?)u∈C(Ω)(2)Lipschitz条件,即     

Optimization designed large-stroke MEMS micromirror for adaptive optics

A novel micromirror based on the PolyMUMPs process is designed and presented. The hexagonal micromirror with a diameter of 450 μm consists of three supporting bilayer cantilevers and a mirror plate. The bilayer cantilevers, formed with a polysilicon layer and a gold layer, elevate the mirror plate according to residual stress-induced bending. Both analytical and finite element analysis (FEA) models are built to calculate the elevated height of the free end of the cantilever. The analytical solution is in accordance with the FEA simulation results, with longitudinal stresses applied only. Results of a three-dimensional (3D) simulation with two direction stresses applied also show the elevated height to be proportional to the width of the cantilever and the length of the gold layer. Due to the torque of the joint, the elevated heights of the two kinds of cantilevers assembled with the mirror plates are much smaller than those of the free end of the cantilevers. Both micromirrors with different cantilevers are fabricated. The elevated heights of the fabricated micromirrors are measured using Veeco optical profiler, which show good coincidence with simulation results.     

夹具对复合材料加筋板剪切试验屈曲载荷的影响

复合材料加筋板在剪切载荷作用下的屈曲和后屈曲性能试验是难度较高的结构试验,载荷通常需要由设计合理的夹具传递到试件上,本文采用的是对拉式的剪切试验夹具.在试验中,由于引入的夹具是弹性体,与试件结合成一体,参与了屈曲过程,所以与理想的约束情况有差异.本文采用数值方法,模拟夹具对试验结果的影响,发现不同的夹持模型,对屈曲载荷...     

LOCALLY STABILIZED FINITE ELEMENT METHOD FOR STOKES PROBLEM WITH NONLINEAR SLIP BOUNDARY CONDITIONS

Based on the low-order conforming finite element subspace （Vh, Mh） such as the P1-P0 triangle element or the Q1-P0 quadrilateral element, the locally stabilized finite element method for the Stokes problem with nonlinear slip boundary conditions is investigated in this paper. For this class of nonlinear slip boundary conditions including the subdifferential property, the weak variational formulation associated with the Stokes problem is an variational inequality. Since （Vh, Mh） does not satisfy the discrete inf-sup conditions, a macroelement condition is introduced for constructing the locally stabilized formulation such that the stability of （Vh, Mh） is established. Under these conditions, we obtain the H1 and L2 error estimates for the numerical solutions.     

采用微分求积法分析薄板的气动弹性响应

为减轻结构重量，新一代飞行器的结构设计中更多地采用了薄壁结构，在超音速或超高音速飞行条件下，薄板的气动弹性响应相当剧烈。分析薄板的气动弹性响应方法主要有两类：第一类为经典的伽辽金方法；第二类为有限元方法。受薄板形状和边界条件的限制，伽辽金方法能够研究的问题是非常有限的，有限元方法虽然具有普适性，但本质上属于数值方法，其计算精度和收敛性必将受所选单元类型以及数值计算误差的影响。在薄板的气动弹性分析领域，文中采用一种全新的方法，即微分求积方法。     

杂交有限元的区域分解法

近几年来,由于并行计算机的迅速发展,求解椭圆型微分方程的区城分解法又引起了人们的重视.这一方法的基本思想是把求解区域分解成许多子区域,每个子区域上用一台计算机求解.这种方法适应并行机的需要,是用并行机解大型椭圆型偏微分方程的一