糖尿病患者家庭护理研究

糖尿病(DM)是一种常见的内分泌代谢性疾病,由于胰岛素分泌绝对不足,从而引起糖、蛋白质和脂肪代谢紊乱[1]。其中90%~95%为2型糖尿病,Ⅰ型糖尿病需要终身胰岛素治疗,2型糖尿病中有一部分病人在某个时期也需要接受胰岛素治疗。糖尿病作为一种慢性终身性疾病,单纯依赖住院期间的治     

Emotional labor and nursing: an under-appreciated aspect of caring work

This paper describes one component of the findings of a larger research study entitled 'Nurses' social construction of self: Implications for work with abused women'. One of the most consistent themes arising from that study involved nurses' views regarding the relevance of emotional engagement/detachment in pursuit of excellence in their practice. In this article this theme is examined in the light of work on emotional labor and the emotional work of nursing. Nurses' high degree of satisfaction in the emotional rewards of their work with clients is described and contrasted with their dissatisfaction in relation to nursing education and their views of the lack of valuing of nurses' work by others within the healthcare system. The importance of supporting them in relation to the emotional aspects of their work is explored.     

Caring behaviors as perceived by nurse practitioners

PURPOSE: To investigate nurse pratctitioners' (NPs') perceptions of their own caring behaviors and to examine NPs' demographics as a function of their caring behaviors. DATA SOURCES: Responses to the Caring Behaviors Inventory(CBI) and a demographic inquiry from 348 NPs in Louisiana. CONCLUSIONS: CBI mean scores and subscale scores were high for all 348 NPs. No statistically significant difference was found between male NPs' and female NPs' total mean CBI scores or between urban or rural total mean CBI scores. The interaction between nurse gender and area o practice was not statistically significant. IMPLICATIONS FOR PRACTICE: NPs often work in clinic situations where productivity is the most valued characteristic and where little time is afforded for identifying caring behaviors of the NP and/or establishing a caring relationship with the patient. NPs must be extremely conscious of the need not to "throw out the baby with the bathwater" and sacrifice characteristics that are inherent in nursing for those emphasized in primary care practice. As their responsibilities in the health care setting continue to expand, NPs must continually evaluate and validate their roles to ensure quality care that satisfies patients.     

Reformulation of Deviance and Labeling Theory for Nursing

Caring for a "difficult patient" is a concern frequently communicated among nurses and reported in the clinical and research literature. A theoretical perspective explaining the phenomenon of difficult patients is proposed and is based on a reformulation of propositions from labeling theory and the concept of social deviance. Applications to nursing practice focus on patient characteristics judged as deviant by nurses, communication of the deviant label, and exclusionary and inclusionary reactions to perceived patient deviance.     

The conceptual structure of physical touch in caring

AIMS OF THE STUDY: This study was conducted to clarify and to conceptualize the phenomena of physical touch in caring. BACKGROUND: Physical touch occurs frequently in patient care situations and has specific meanings within the context of caring. However, the concept of physical touch in caring has not been well articulated in the literatures, although the phenomena of touch and physical touch have been studied in relation to comfort, sense of well-being and connectedness. DESIGN/METHOD: The Hybrid Model of concept development was applied to develop a conceptual structure of physical touch in caring, which included a field study carried out in Seoul, South Korea using in-depth interviews with 39 adult subjects consisting of health-care professionals, in-patients, and healthy persons. RESULTS/FINDINGS: The concept of physical touch in caring emerged as a complex phenomenon having meanings on several different dimensions which were encompassed several attributes and the conceptual structure of physical touch in caring centred around five aspects of goals for physical touch: promoting physical comfort, promoting emotional comfort, promoting mind-body comfort, performing social role, and sharing spirituality. CONCLUSIONS: Physical touch in caring as a concept having the dimensions of physical, emotional, social, and spiritual significance needs to be treated in a holistic way and it is possible to enrich the meanings and methods of physical touch in nursing so that its application may have effects that have positive impacts on patients' well-being and comfort.     

Caring research and concepts: a selected review of the literature

• ? A selected review of the literature on caring in nursing is presented. The review relies on the work of the major theorists in this area.
• ? The major conceptualizations of caring are compared and contrasted, along with some of the research approaches which have been applied to investigate the phenomenon of caring in nursing.
• ? The outcome of quantitative and qualitative research on caring is described and the justification for an extension of the quantitative work, through the development of an appropriate inventory and the application of multivariate statistical analysis, is discussed.

     

Structuring the documentation of nursing care on the basis of a theoretical process model

The aim of this study was to develop the documentation of the substance of nursing care on the basis of a theoretical caring process model. The theory is Eriksson's caring process model and her theory of health, suffering and caring. The approach of the research task was dialogue. As a research method Koski's adaptation of Gadamer's theory of hermeneutic experience was used, in which Gadamer's hermeneutic text interpretation is divided into four phases. The phases are the explicit analysis of preunderstanding, hermeneutic dialogue, the merging of horizons and active application. The dialogue is carried on between Eriksson's theory of health, suffering and caring and clinical nursing practice and between the caring process model and nursing practice. The goal is to achieve a new scientific view on which to base the documentation of nursing care. As a result of the dialogue a classification in accordance with Eriksson's caring-process model is presented. In the next phase of the study the classification is piloted in a clinical context. The purpose is to obtain knowledge of whether the suggested classification describes what, according to the theory, it should describe.     

Dimensions of Nurse Caring

Dimensions of nurse caring were elicited through nurse and patient responses on the revised Caring Behaviors Inventory (CBI), a 43-item instrument. Subjects included 278 nurses and 263 patients and former patients. An exploratory factor analysis using the principal components method with varimax rotation was used to identify CBI dimensions; a five factor solution resulted. The five dimensions of nurse caring were respectful deference to others, assurance of human presence, positive connectedness, professional knowledge and skill, and attentiveness to the other's experience     

Relationship between technological influences and caring attributes of Korean nurses

With many well-prepared nurse academics, a buoyant economy and an advanced health-care system, it is timely that research addresses some of the features and characteristics of Korean nurses and communicates this to the English-speaking world. This study focuses on Korean registered nurses and their views of themselves as carers in a modern technological environment. By collecting data from a sample of 560 registered nurses and using an instrument previously administered in an international sample, comparisons to normative data are presented and contrasted to recent reports. The instrument uses Likert items to measure caring attributes and technological influences. The results show that older, more experienced and more qualified Korean nurses tend to report significantly higher scores for caring attributes, yet approximately 80% of the sample were aged less than 30, 70% were unmarried, 70% had less than 6 years experience and 60% were diploma prepared. These results are discussed in the light of normative findings from the international study and, in the context of this unique homogeneous cultural sample, concern is expressed about the lack of senior role models and the apparent drain of senior professionals.