Hermeneutic reading of classic texts

The purpose of this article is to broaden the understandinfg of the hermeneutic reading of classic texts. The aim is to show how the choice of a specific scientific tradition in conjunction with a methodological approach creates the foundation that clarifies the actual realization of the reading. This hermeneutic reading of classic texts is inspired by Gadamer's notion that it is the researcher's own research tradition and a clearly formulated theoretical fundamental order that shape the researcher's attitude towards texts and create the starting point that guides all reading, uncovering and interpretation. The researcher's ethical position originates in a will to openness towards what is different in the text and which constantly sets the researcher's preunderstanding and research tradition in movement. It is the researcher's attitude towards the text that allows the text to address, touch and arouse wonder. Through a flexible, lingering and repeated reading of classic texts, what is different emerges with a timeless value. The reading of classic texts is an act that may rediscover and create understanding for essential dimensions and of human beings' reality on a deeper level. The hermeneutic reading of classic texts thus brings to light constantly new possibilities of uncovering for a new envisioning and interpretation for a new understanding of the essential concepts and phenomena within caring science.     

基于Watson关怀理论的护理干预在老年代谢综合征患者中的应用

目的:探讨基于Watson关怀理论的护理干预在老年代谢综合征(MS)患者中的应用效果。方法:采用便利抽样法,纳入2017年6月—2019年6月山西省人民医院全科医疗科收治的118例MS患者作为研究对象,根据纳入时间将患者分为观察组(2018年7月—2019年6月,n=54)和对照组(2017年6月—2018年6月,n=64)。对照组予以常规护理干预,观察组在此基础上予以基于Watson关怀理论的护理干预。干预前和干预6个月后,评估两组治疗依从性、实验室指标(空腹血糖、糖化血红蛋白、总胆固醇、收缩压)、疾病感知情况、主观幸福感。结果:干预前两组治疗依从性、实验室指标、疾病感知得分、主观幸福感得分差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。干预6个月后,观察组治疗依从性,主观幸福感,疾病感知的个人控制、治疗控制、疾病一致维度得分高于对照组,空腹血糖,糖化血红蛋白,总胆固醇,收缩压,疾病病程、感知后果、疾病周期、情绪控制维度得分低于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:基于Watson关怀理论的护理干预应用于老年MS患者效果良好,对其主观幸福感和疾病感知情况均产生积极影响。     

Why industrial methods do not work in healthcare: an analytical approach

Healthcare professionals and managers in hospitals are frequently suggested to learn from industry and business to improve quality and efficiency. However, evidence that the implementation of industrial techniques and business methods has a meaningful effect on patient outcomes is often lacking. An explanation for this phenomenon is thought to be the complexity of the hospital organisation and the diversity of patients. In this article, we use the practice approach to discuss the application of industrial techniques and business methods in healthcare. We employ a practice model that offers three perspectives to understand professional practices: Identity and intrinsic values, Interests of stakeholders, and Ideals and basic beliefs (Triple I). This model demonstrates that the nature of healthcare practices differs strongly from the nature of industrial and business practices. Healthcare has a moral nature that does not let itself be easily organised along technological or business categories. This may provide a fundamental explanation of why industrial techniques and business methods in general will be less successful in healthcare. At the same time, this model invites hospitals to develop innovative approaches that do justice to the identity and intrinsic values of healthcare. In this process, insights from industry and business cannot be copied but have to be used as sources of inspiration.     

三甲医院外科护士关怀能力与患者整体满意度的相关性研究

目的了解三甲医院外科护士关怀能力现状及其与患者整体护理满意度的关系。方法分别采用护士关怀能力评价量表和患者整体护理满意度调查问卷对15所三甲医院75个科室的455名护士和465例出院患者进行调查。结果护士关怀能力总均分为(197.31±26.74)分,不同性别、职称、护龄的护士间差异有统计学意义(P<0.05,P<0.01);出院患者的整体护理满意度总分为(45.34±8.85)分,不同科室间差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);护士关怀能力和患者整体护理满意度呈正相关(P<0.01),回归分析显示护士关怀能力各维度对整体护理满意度具有预测作用(均P<0.01)。结论外科护士关怀能力和患者整体护理满意度存在正相关关系,较高的关怀能力有助于提升患者的整体护理满意度。     

叙事教育在实习护生人文关怀能力培养中的应用

目的探讨叙事教育对实习护生人文关怀能力的影响。方法对345名实习护生进行叙事教育,包括欣赏文学作品、音乐、人文励志电影,书写反思日记,分享人文关怀故事等。分别于临床实习前、后对其人文关怀能力进行问卷调查。结果护生人文关怀能力显著提高(均P0.05)。结论采用多种方式的叙事教育能够提高实习护生的人文关怀能力。     

Lamentation and loss: expressions of caring by contemporary surgical nurses

AIM: This paper is a report of a phenomenological study of caring from the perspective of nurses working on surgical wards. BACKGROUND: While care and caring are complex foundational nursing concepts which have received considerable and ongoing attention from theorists, researchers and clinicians, there has been little research into caring on surgical units. METHOD: A convenience sample of ten nurses working on surgical units in a public teaching hospital in Canada was interviewed using van Manen's phenomenological approach. Data were collected during 2001 using semi-structured interviews. FINDINGS: The major theme of lamentation and loss was identified from the data. Participants revealed a dichotomous tension between what caring should be and what actually occurs. This tension was pervasive and generated lament - an expression of grief and mourning for the loss of caring. The essential structures supporting this theme included lack of time, lack of caring support, tasking, increased acuity, lack of continuity of care, emotional divestment and not caring for each other. Loss and sadness were articulated and participants lamented and grieved about the loss of care in contemporary practice. CONCLUSION: The forces and influences described by participants undermined caring in the new practice milieu. If this is a glimpse of the future, then the values of the nursing profession may be under siege. Caring as the central core, the essence or unifying concept of nursing may be subject to marginalization in contemporary practice.     

Correlates of affective empathy,perspective taking,and generativity among a sample of adults

Previous research suggests that empathy can be cultivated by social ideals and relationships with people. The current study examines family importance and religious importance as correlates of affective empathy, perspective taking, and generativity among a sample of adults aged 18 to 35 (N = 722). Given the ethnic and racial diversity represented by Millennials and Generation Z, the moderating role of racial group membership is explored as well. Results indicate that family importance is positively associated with affective empathy, perspective taking, and generativity for the overall sample, though the relationship is particularly strong for non-Hispanic whites. Religious importance is significantly related to affective empathy and generativity (not perspective taking), primarily among Black, Indigenous, and/or People of Color. Due to the increasing visibility of victimization towards socially vulnerable groups, it is important to understand how attitudes oriented towards helping and empathizing with others are fostered. Implications for further research are discussed.