俯卧拍背法缓解胆绞痛的临床观察及护理

本文采用俯卧拍背法缓解胆绞痛４１例，其中２３例经此法治疗后疼痛立即消失（５６．１％）；１５例明显缓解（３６．６％）；３例缓解不明显（７．３％）。具有操作简便、安全，易被患者接受，值得推广。     

角膜移植术护理探讨

以１５例角膜移植术的护理实践，总结出该手术的护理常规，并对本组病例中发生的并发症的护理进行了讨论，强调护士密切观察病情，有效地处理并嫌下对手术成功的重要性。     

护理人员的职业损伤因素及健康维护

作者指出临床一线的护理人员是发生职业损伤的高危群体。产生职业损伤的危险因素包括基础教育和继续教育缺乏职业损伤及其防范知识；影响护理人员身体健康的诸因素，如化疗专用的溶药设备、洁净操作台或相对密闭的溶药环境不健全；乙型肝炎等医院内易感性等疾病增加，被血液、体液等污染的医疗锐器刺伤是护理人员职业感染的主要途径；护理人员工作职业特点对健康不利的影响，护理人员心理压力大。为维护护理人员身心健康，应加入医院感染、职业损伤和健康维护的在校理论教育内容，加强护理人员职业安全教育，采取防范职业损伤的措施，如化疗药物中心配药、使用一次性手套等措施。     

Art in medical education: Especially plastic surgery

The importance of art studies in the training of plastic surgeons has not been well recognized. Presently, very few medical schools offer courses on art or include it in the humanities. Because the study of art is a great experience that helps to develop the trained eye, the inclusion of art in medical education is recommended. For plastic and aesthetic surgeons, art knowledge can greatly add to the development of surgical skill. Courses in drawing, modeling, and casting are recommended along with lectures or seminars on art appreciation.Delivered as the Nojarova Lecture at the New York Academy of Medicine, the New York Regional Society of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, March 3, 1990. Also given at the Italian-American Conference of Plastic Surgeons, Venice, Italy, September 23, 1990     

Using educational interventions to improve the handwashing habits of preschool children

The effectiveness of educational activities on changing the handwashing habits of preschool children was evaluated using parental surveys and direct observations. Baseline handwashing behaviors were observed and recorded, and parents completed a pre-intervention survey. After interventions were administered, post-intervention data was collected on preschoolers' handwashing habits. Children participated in one, three or five handwashing intervention activities. Results of this study indicate that the educational activities implemented resulted in increased knowledge of the importance of proper handwashing and in positive changes in the children's handwashing habits, particularly for the children who participated in all five interventions.     

产后出血的预防和护理（附117例分析）

目的探讨产后出血的原因与护理、预防的方法，确保产妇安全。方法回顾性分析本组产妇分娩后大出血的病情观察、护理、治疗和预防的方法。结果经过精心护理和积极治疗，及时止血，解除了病人的紧张情绪，117例病人平均住院8d，均痊愈出院。结论加强对产妇，特别是产后出血病人的护理，对预防和及时控制出血，加快病人康复有重要意义。     

从中日沿海城市部分老年人生活满足感比较看老年社区护理的发展

目的 通过比较中日两围老年人生活满足感，探讨老年人社区护理的发展方向。方法 中国大连市选取60岁以上老年人，进行人户调查，日本滨松市选取俱乐部的65岁以上老年人，填写问卷。结果 除在与亲人、朋友交往及存钱以防万一等方面外，2国老年人在其他生活满足感方面比较，差异均有统计学意义，P〈0．05。结论 中日两国不同的经济基础导致了不同层次需求的差异。在中国发展老年人社区护理，一方面可以借鉴国外经验，从物质基础上改进和完善；另一方面，借助传统文化优势，从社会风气上进行促进。     

Analysis on Mental Features and Nursing Countermeasures for Malignant Ovarian Tumor Patients

Objective To inquire into the mental features of malignant ovarian tumor patients and advance the way to appease the mental state. Methods The mental health status of 168 malignant ovarian tumor patients was evaluated using Symptom Checklist 90 （SCL-90）, and compared with that of normal crowd and other gynecologic malignant tumor patients. Results The scores of suppression, anxiety, fear, somatization, constrain, hostility, interpersonal relationship of the ovary malignant tumor patients were higher than those of the normal model, and the scores of suppression, anxiety, interpersonal relationship higher than those of other gynecologic malignant tumor patients. Conclusions To strengthen the nursing teaching, understand the mental state on time, use moral support therapy, and help the patients to change their inadequate attitude and behavior, can strengthen the therapy confidence and promote the health rehabilitation.     

喂饲泵应用的临床观察及护理

目的 探讨用喂饲泵行肠内营养摄入的临床应用价值。方法 实验组30例采用喂饲泵控制肠内营养液的滴入速度，对照组采用传统方法，用20ml或50ml注射器灌注营养液，观察两组并发症的发生情况，所得量化指标进行卡方检验。结果实验组其返流、呕吐、腹胀、吸入性肺炎的发生率明显低于对照组。结论应用喂饲泵行肠内营养的摄入，可有效预防并发症的发生。