贯彻全国水利信息化工作会议精神全面完成近期重点任务

“十一五”期间,水利信息化取得了显著成就,有力支撑了水利各项工作,在水利现代化进程中发挥了不可替代的推动作用。随着“中央一号文件”的出台和中央水利工作会议的召开,对水利信息化工作提出了明确的安排和部署,水利信息化既面临大好的发展机遇,也面临着严峻的挑战,这要求水利信息化工作这在思想上要有新认识,工作中要有新思路,执行中要有新举措,手段上要采用新技术,服务上要拓展新领域。当前,实施“金水工程”是水利信息化工作的总体抓手,加快重点工程建设是近期的首要任务。     

供水管网爆管预警及定位技术的研究与实践

针对爆管事故前控制引入风险管理方法,提出了爆管风险预警的技术路线;针对爆管事故后处理提出了爆管点快速定位技术路线,并进行了实际管网模拟试验.研究及实践结果表明,通过爆管风险评估、爆管风险地图绘制可以起到预警作用;通过压力监控辅以管网水力模型的模拟分析可以有效地提示爆管发生的区域及定位,为爆管事故后快速反应赢得宝贵的时间.     

一起220kV避雷器爆炸事故的分析

文章通过对一起220kV氧化锌避雷器进水受潮故障分析,分析了避雷器爆炸的原因,分析了存在的问题,提出整改措施,为其他电厂避雷器安全运行提供了借鉴。     

水下爆炸冲击载荷作用下舵的动态特性

利用Arbitrary Lagrangian-Eulerian(ALE)有限元方法求解爆炸冲击过程中的流固耦合问题:采用ALE算法描述流体和炸药模型,采用Lagrangain方法描述舵结构模型,不同介质间的界面采用接触罚函数耦合算法。应用有限元软件ANSYS/LS-DYNA仿真模拟舵遭受TNT炸药爆炸冲击作用的全过程,得到舵的应力云图、位移云图,典型位置压力时间历程,加速度时间曲线等冲击响应。计算结果表明:利用A L E方法可以预估舵在水下爆炸冲击载荷作用下的损伤情况,为舵的抗冲击设计提供依据。     

Thermal explosion in a hot gas mixture with organic gel fuel droplets

Recent experimental evidence has uncovered the peculiar behavior of certain gel droplets which, under appropriate ambient thermal conditions, evaporate and burn in an oscillatory fashion. In this work a preliminary foray is made into the theoretical analysis of the nature of the evolution of a hot gas mixture containing organic gel fuel droplets with oscillatory evaporation within the context of thermal-explosion theory. The problem is modeled as a system of highly nonlinear singularly perturbed ordinary differential equations. Non-dimensionalization of the equations enables identification of the parameters that play a major role in determining the dynamical regimes of the system of equations. The method of integral manifolds is exploited for the analysis and it is found, that for certain parametric regions, the system exhibits new dynamical behavior that is quite different from that found for conventional liquid droplets.     

Coulomb explosion following electronic excitation in ion-solid interaction

In atomic collisions in solids by the ions with very strong electronic interaction, it is confirmed that the atomic displacement process is enhanced by electronic excitation. Two experimental results are introduced as examples. The first is the columnar defect formation in a cuprate superconductor Bi₂Sr₂CaCu₂O_x which is irradiated with 3.5 GeV Xe ions, the second is sputtering induced by highly charged ion (HCI) bombardment (Xe^q+; q=15-44). Since there are some indications to show that these phenomena might be the outcome of the Coulomb explosion process, we tried to make a molecular dynamics simulation of the sputtering process based on this Coulomb explosion mechanism. Good agreement between the simulation and experiment was found. For sputtering of electrically conductive materials, the importance of neutralization dynamics of the HCI and the highly charged region in the solid materials was indicated.     

600MW超临界复合循环锅炉制粉系统爆炸原因分析

某电厂600MW超临界复合循环锅炉采用双进双出钢球磨煤机正压直吹式制粉系统.机组在投产后曾多次发生锅炉制粉系统爆炸事故,严重影响锅炉的安全稳定运行.通过分析,启停制粉系统时一次风速过低及磨煤机料位控制过高是造成爆炸的主要原因,为此提出制粉系统运行控制要点,增加磨煤机火灾保护逻辑,效果明显.     

Microstructure and wear resistance of electro-thermal explosion sprayed stellite coating used for remanufacturing

Electro-thermal explosion directional spraying was used to prepare the stellite coating on substrate of the AISI 1045 steel. The morphologies of cross-section and worn scar, porosity, distribution of elements, micro-hardness and wear resistance of the coating were determined by means of SEM, EDAX, micro-hardness tester and sliding wear tester. Because of the compact construction, good bonding and high hardness, the coating is characterized by good wear resistance. The results show that the mainly failure mode of the stellite coating is micro-plowing. Foundation item: Project(2003AA331130) supported by Hi-tech Research and Development Program of China; Project(50235030) supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China     

移动式~(37)Ar快速测量原型系统演示总结报告

研制了用于全面禁止核试验条约现场视察的移动式37Ar快速测量原型系统。进行了移动式37Ar快速测量原型系统演示活动。演示活动通过车载运输、模拟样品快速分离纯化测量、地下样品快速取样分离纯化测量、取样有效性四个场地试验和三次实验室验证测试,全面展示和验证了移动式37Ar快速测量原型系统的技术状态和性能指标。演示结果表明:移动式37Ar快速测量原型系统最小探测下限满足探测当量大于1kt的地下核试验的要求,且具有“机动、快速、小型”的特点,但系统仍需在降低探测限、增强稳定性和自动化程度等方面开展进一步研究工作。