Spreading of Cobalt Phase and Silicate Formation in Co/SiO2 Model Catalyst

The electron microscopy technique was used to characterize the cobalt–silica interaction in a model catalyst at high temperature in air. The samples were in the form of thin cobalt films (1 and 4 nm thick) supported on an amorphous layer of SiO₂. It was concluded that cobalt loading determines the evolution of the microstructure, morphology and phase composition. The spreading of the cobalt oxide phase and formation of cobalt silicate was established.     

糠醛加氢制糠醇中γ-Al2O3负载Cu-Zn催化剂的改性研究

采用浸渍法制备Co改性γ-Al₂O₃负载的Cu-Zn催化剂，考察Cu-Zn负载量、Co含量及反应温度等对催化剂性能的影响。结果表明，在413 K、氢气流速0.5 mL·s^－1 和糠醛空速2 h^-1 条件下,当催化剂Cu-Zn/γ-Al₂O₃（Co）中n(Cu)∶n(Zn)∶n(Al)∶n(Co)＝1.0∶2.0∶3.0∶0.51时，糠醇的选择性100％，糠醛转化率94.6％，比使用单纯Cu-Zn/γ-Al₂O₃催化剂的最佳转化率提高11％。     

蓝色氧化锆陶瓷的研制

以微米或纳米氧化锆粉体为主原料,钒锆蓝色料或Co3O4为着色剂,添加适量烧结助剂制备蓝色氧化锆陶瓷。研究了氧化锆、助剂、着色剂等对蓝色氧化锆陶瓷颜色及性能的影响。结果表明:用纳米级ZrO2粉体为原料,钒锆蓝色料为着色剂,添加少量烧结助剂,可制得性能优良、颜色亮丽的蓝色氧化锆陶瓷;用纳米级ZrO2为原料,Co3O4为着色剂,添加少量烧结助剂,可制得性能优良、颜色亮丽的钴蓝色氧化锆陶瓷。     

Noble-free potassium-bimetallic catalysts supported on beta-zeolite for the simultaneous removal of NOx and soot from simulated diesel exhaust

This paper deals with the activity of the KCu and KCo catalysts supported on beta-zeolite for the simultaneous NO_x/soot removal from a simulated diesel exhaust, containing C₃H₆ as model hydrocarbon. In order to reveal the effect of potassium, the corresponding monometallic catalysts (Co/beta and Cu/beta) were analyzed and different potassium loadings were used. In addition, for comparative purpose, the performance of a platinum based catalyst (Pt/beta) was studied. All noble-free catalysts show, at 450 °C, a high activity for the simultaneous NO_x/soot removal. Among them, K1Cu/beta presents the best global performance at 350 and 450 °C achieving a high soot consumption rate (comparable to platinum catalysts) and the highest NO_x reduction. In contrast to platinum catalysts, K1Cu/beta has the advantage that the main reaction products are N₂ and CO_2.     

喷射电沉积块体纳米晶Co-Ni合金工艺的研究

利用扫描电子显微镜（SEM），能谱仪（EDS）及X射线衍射（XRD）等分析方法研究了工艺参数对电解液喷射电沉积法制备块体纳米晶Co-Ni合金沉积层成分及结构的影响。结果表明；在本实验条件下，随电解液喷射速度的增加，沉积层中钴含量增加，而晶粒尺寸减小；随电解液温度的升高，沉积层中钴含量减小到一定值后增大，晶粒尺寸呈相反的趋势。沉积层的表面形貌为胞状结构。     

Electrochemical properties of Pb–Sb, Pb–Ca–Sn and Pb–Co3O4 anodes in copper electrowinning

Three types of anode, Pb–Sb, Pb–Ca–Sn and Pb–Co₃O₄, for copper electrowinning were investigated. The corrosion resistance, as evaluated by cyclic voltammetric (CV) measurements was higher for Pb–Co₃O₄ than for Pb–Sb and Pb–Ca–Sn. During prolonged electrowinning under galvanostatic conditions, the anodic reaction on the Pb–Co₃O₄ anode was depolarized by 0.053 V as compared to Pb–Sb, and by 0.106 V with respect to Pb–Ca–Sn. The composition and structure of the anodic layer were determined by XPS, X-ray and SEM analyses. The surface layer on the three anodes examined was composed mainly of PbSO₄, -PbO₂ and -PbO₂. Different structure of the surface layer was observed: loose and highly spread coral-like structure in the case of Pb–Sb; fibrous structure in the case of Pb–Ca–Sn and dense, fine-grained structure in the case of Pb–Co₃O₄.     

矿山工程设计可靠性研究

本文讨论了矿山工程设计中地质储量、矿山工程建设、工艺系统、露天矿投资等的可靠性计算方法,据此可对矿山能否达到设计规模及预期效益作出评价,从而可采取相应对策。     

DUO-ICP-AES测定精对苯二甲酸中的钴、铬、铁、锰、钼、镍、钛

采用DUO-ICP-AES同时测定精对苯二甲酸中钴、铬、铁、锰、钼、镍、钛,并对仪器的分析线选择、背景校正、入射功率、雾化器压力、辅助气流量、冷却气流量、蠕动泵转速的影响及共存元素的干扰、硝酸铯灰化助剂等因素进行了详细的研究。方法的检测限:钴0.0097 mg/L;铬0.0021 mg/L;铁0.0078 mg/L;锰0.0012 mg/L;钼0.0027 mg/L;镍0.016 mg/L;钛0.0027 mg/L,回收率和精密度分别为93.0%～99.5%和0.37%～3.2%。该方法快速简便,具有良好的精密度和准确度,适用于进出口精对苯二甲酸的日常检验。     

无底柱分段崩落法采矿进路受力过程分析

在使用无底柱分段崩落法的矿山,大都存在着地压现象。其主要表现是采矿进路和联络道的变形破坏。对采矿进路在开挖和回采过程中各阶段受力情况的分析表明,进路的变形、破坏主要是受到岩体初始静应力、爆破动应力和矿柱支撑应力的综合作用的结果。     

Catalytic wall reactor: Catalytic coatings of stainless steel by VOx/TiO2 and Co/SiO2 catalysts

Catalytic wall (structured) reactors and structured supports are suitable to study the catalytic properties of nanosized materials. The coating of metallic (aluminum and stainless steel) plates by thin layers of active phase is presented in two cases, VO_x/TiO₂ and Co/SiO₂, catalysts used in the oxidative dehydrogenation (ODH) of propane and in Fischer–Tropsch synthesis (FTS) of clean fuels, respectively. The preparation of coated plates and their characterisation by various methods of physicochemical analysis are described. Both chemical and physical methods were used for coating. VO_x/TiO₂ layers were obtained by grafting of Ti (on Al or stainless-steel plates) and V (on TiO₂) alkoxides and use of sol–gel media or suspension. A silica primer was deposited (on stainless-steel plate) by plasma-assisted chemical vapour deposition (PACVD) onto which Co oxide and silica were coprecipitated from sol–gel. The catalytic experiments in the respective reactions were carried out in special plate reactors and compared with those of catalytic powders. The study shows that the coating of a metallic substrate by a catalyst is not straightforward and requires specific studies dealing with both chemistry (chemical affinity between substrate and catalytic layers) and catalytic engineering (catalytic performance in taylor-made reactors).