A replacement of traditional insulation refractory brick by a waste-derived lightweight refractory castable

Lightweight insulation refractories are essential for high-temperature performance to reduce energy consumption. This study investigates a new insulation material, that is, solid waste rice husk ash (RHA) derived lightweight refractory castable, replacing traditional insulation refractory brick. The RHA is generated after the burning of rice husk as biomass fuel. The RHA is used as an aggregate and alkali-extracted silica sol from RHA as a binder to fabricate the insulation castable. The nanosilica containing (~30 wt%) sol is employed to synthesize the refractory castable by varying the sol amount (2.5-12.5 wt% silica from sol). The castable specimens are cast by a vibro-caster and fired at 900-1200°C in a muffle furnace. The physic-mechanical and thermal conductivity (κ) of the castable is investigated. At 1100°C with 10 wt% dry sol retaining sample shows an excellent apparent porosity (~65%), low bulk density (~ 0.8 g/cm³), and κ (0.136 W/m k) with sustainable compressive strength (6 MPa). The acquired results are a good match with the literature (other wastes-derived insulation materials) and industrial (silica insulation brick) obtained data. These promising outcomes may inspire the refractory industries for using RHA as an aggregate and RHA extracted sol as a binder for making insulation castable.     

医药副产含磷废盐的提纯研究

随着精细化工及中间体产品的发展,各类副产废盐量不断增加,由于其产生量大及难处理等特点,成为阻碍行业发展的一大瓶颈。主要开展了医药副产含磷废盐的提纯实验研究,针对废盐产生的途径和特性,采用洗脱剂（甲醇-乙醇）+活性炭混合洗脱与重结晶的方式,分别去除废盐中的有机物和氯化钠,回收可利用的磷酸盐,实现废盐的提纯资源化。当洗脱剂与废盐的体积质量比为1 mL/g、洗脱剂甲醇与乙醇的体积比为4∶6、活性炭用量为废盐质量的0.4%时,废盐中的有机物得到了有效去除。随后对得到的混盐进行重结晶得到回收磷酸盐,回收磷酸盐的纯度可达98%以上,符合工业磷酸盐行业标准的要求。将含磷废盐提纯回收磷酸盐,1 t废盐的处理成本约为174.24元,可回收0.61 t磷酸盐,实现了废盐的资源化再利用。     

砂岩翻砂废砂在水泥生料配料中的应用

我公司拥有2×2 500 t/d新型干法水泥生产线,在生产中逐步以废砂来替代砂岩进行生料配料,本文探讨了废砂的使用对水泥生产过程、熟料质量性能以及成本效益等方面的影响。结果表明：使用废砂替代砂岩进行水泥生料配料煅烧硅酸盐水泥熟料,未对熟料煅烧过程及熟料性能产生不良影响,烟气排放指标和熟料质量技术指标均符合国家标准要求。按我公司目前年产熟料110万t、掺加量按5.8%计算,年消耗废砂约10.0万t,每年节约成本约100万元,经济效益明显。     

燃气轮机余热发电系统方案选择

综合利用不同型号燃气轮机余热的发电系统,根据水泥厂自备电站的不同型号燃气轮机余热情况,拟定余热发电技术方案,分析比较不同方案下余热发电系统的技术指标,从而选择合理的技术方案。     

用丝束电极研究混凝土中钢筋腐蚀的不均匀性

用8×8阵列丝束电极模拟研究了混凝土中钢筋的腐蚀.将混凝土试样浸泡在10 %NaCl溶液中,通过测量铁丝束电极的自腐蚀电位和极化电阻,获得了在相同埋置深度和不同埋置深度时,铁丝腐蚀的电位、极化电阻和腐蚀速度分布等信息,研究了混凝土结构和氯离子浓度对它们的影响.结果表明,混凝土中铁丝腐蚀不均匀.自腐蚀电位和极化电阻较分散,电位随时间负移、极化电阻变小,丝束之间的电位差增大.随铁丝埋入深度增加,电位负移量、氯离子浓度和腐蚀速度都减小、极化电阻增加     

地聚合物混凝土配比及力学性能研究

混凝土是巷道支护过程中的重要建筑材料,然而混凝土在巷道施工中常常出现质量问题,为了不影响正常生产,需要对其进行修补。地聚合物混凝土凝结时间快,早期强度高,界面结合能力强,耐高温性和抗冻性强,耐腐蚀性良好,具有用作修补材料的潜力。以粉煤灰和矿粉为原料,Na₂SiO₃溶液和NaOH为碱激发剂制备地聚合物胶砂,研究不同的碱激发剂模数（1.0、1.2、1.4）和掺量（10%、15%、20%）对不同龄期胶砂力学性能的影响。结果表明：当碱激发剂模数为1.2,碱掺量为15%时,胶砂强度达到最大值。设计正交试验,研究了不同水胶比（0.45、0.50、0.55）、粉煤灰掺量（30%、50%、70%）和砂率（30%、35%、40%）对不同龄期地聚合物混凝土的工作性能和力学性能的影响。结果表明：粉煤灰掺量对抗压强度影响最为显著,水胶比次之,而砂率对强度发展几乎没有影响。最优的配合比为水胶比为0.50,粉煤灰掺量为50%,砂率为35%。     

Biosorption behaviors of Cu, Zn, Cd and mixture by waste activated sludge

Biosorption of heavy metal ions, such as Cu²⁺, Cd²⁺ and Zn²⁺, was carried out using waste activated sludge from municipal sewage treatment plant as adsorption material, and the effects of parameters, such as pH value, temperature, reaction time and sorption duration, were studied in detail. The results indicate that the removal rates of Cu²⁺, Zn²⁺ and Cd²⁺ with low concentration are 96.47%, 80% and 90%, respectively, adsorbed by waste activated sludge. Little effect of dosage of activated sludge on the adsorption of Cu²⁺ and more effects on the adsorption of Zn²⁺ and Cd²⁺ are observed. Little effect of temperature is observed, while pH value and adsorption time exert important influence on the sorption process. The adsorption behaviors of heavy metal ions all have parabolic relationships with pH value. The optimum pH value is between 6 and 10, and the optimum adsorption time is 1 h. In single heavy metal ion system, the sorption processes of Cu²⁺, Zn²⁺ and Cd²⁺ are in accordance with Freundlich model, which indicates that it is suitable for the treatment of these three heavy metal ions using intermittent operation. In addition, the sorption capacity of the sludge for Cu²⁺ is preferential to the other two ions.     

IrO2-pH微电极的研制及钢筋/混凝土界面pH的测量

采用电化学阳极氧化和高温碳酸盐氧化两种方法制备 IrO2-pH微电极，其特点是对氢离子响应快、线性范围宽、机械性能好、具有长期稳定性 .考察了该电极的pH响应特性、化学成分、机械性能等.结果表明，这种IrO2-pH微电极 适用于钢筋/混凝土界面pH值的原位测量.     

用铸造废砂制备磷酸盐泡沫陶瓷的研究

以经过活化处理后的铸造废砂为主要原料，以磷酸和磷酸盐为发泡固化剂，再配以必要的添加剂，通过混合搅拌、浇注成型、烧结强化工艺制造的磷酸盐泡沫陶瓷具有高强和多孔特征。研究表明：影响材料性能的主要因素有废砂活性、磷酸、添加剂、烧结工艺以及混合料中的铝硅比等。技术经济分析表明了这项工艺技术具有废物利用量大．生产过程简单，产品用途广泛，对铸造行业的废弃物资源化具有积极意义。     

混凝土小砌块与普通砖混住宅楼造价分析

指出混凝土小型空心砌块是一种节能型的新型墙体材料。本文从经济角度对该种材料和粘土砖材料进行了实例分析、比较,得出了这种新型材料值得推广使用的结论。