图书馆移动阅读服务的新契机:HTML5和CSS3

针对移动阅读环境和用户需求的变化与现有移动Web标准规范如WAP、WML、XHTML-MP对移动Web发展的不适应,以及图书馆在旧的移动Web标准规范框架下的移动阅读服务在内容、应用架构、服务模式方面的诸多困境,用文献调研和实验验证的方法研究新的Web标准规范HTML5和CSS3的新特性和功能及其相对应旧标准的优点,从HTML5和CSS3对图书馆上游的数字出版领域和图书馆下游的用户需求的直接影响的角度,探讨HTML5和CSS3为图书馆移动阅读服务带来的新契机,得出HTML5和CSS3可使图书馆的移动阅读服务在内容、应用架构、服务模式方面得到提升和变革的结论。     

2.0时代的信息共享空间-基于用户的高校图书馆信息服务平台

论述了2.0时代对信息共享空间所产生的影响及2.0技术在信息共享空间中的应用,构建了基于"以用户为中心"理念的2.0时代的信息共享空间理论模型。作者认为可以把2.0时代的信息共享空间作为基于用户的大学图书馆信息服务平台来弥补现阶段高校图书馆信息服务平台的不足,是当今图书馆信息服务发展创新的新趋势。     

高职高专学生英语学习动机的培养与激发——非智力因素影响学习效果的教学实验

本文从高职高专学生英语学习基础差、成绩差及其原因分析入手,在对影响学习效果的非智力因素进行教学实验的基础上,对如何培养和激发学生学习英语的动机及其教学策略进行了初步探讨。     

Document replication strategies for geographically distributed web search engines

Large-scale web search engines are composed of multiple data centers that are geographically distant to each other. Typically, a user query is processed in a data center that is geographically close to the origin of the query, over a replica of the entire web index. Compared to a centralized, single-center search engine, this architecture offers lower query response times as the network latencies between the users and data centers are reduced. However, it does not scale well with increasing index sizes and query traffic volumes because queries are evaluated on the entire web index, which has to be replicated and maintained in all data centers. As a remedy to this scalability problem, we propose a document replication framework in which documents are selectively replicated on data centers based on regional user interests. Within this framework, we propose three different document replication strategies, each optimizing a different objective: reducing the potential search quality loss, the average query response time, or the total query workload of the search system. For all three strategies, we consider two alternative types of capacity constraints on index sizes of data centers. Moreover, we investigate the performance impact of query forwarding and result caching. We evaluate our strategies via detailed simulations, using a large query log and a document collection obtained from the Yahoo! web search engine.     

互联网上重要临床医学网址简介

本文对文献计量学统计分析出来的四个综合性临床医学网站的结构、使用和特点加以评价和介绍     

Overhyped Fad or Missed Opportunity? A History of Academic Libraries and the Social Web

The emergence of social media has radically transformed the way we create and consume information. These changes have in turn given rise to new models of librarianship centered on principles of participation, interaction, and collaboration. Over the last decade, academic libraries have eagerly adopted social media as a means of enhancing services and connecting with a new generation of users. But how exactly has this technology changed libraries? In what ways has the social web transformed library services or our relationships with users? This article attempts to assess the impact of social media on academic libraries in the United States through a review of the literature published since 2005. In particular, it looks at how academic libraries have used social media to improve or develop new services. By comparing published case studies with the theoretical literature, this article seeks to separate theory from practice and determine the extent to which the social web has transformed library practice. The author concludes that, despite several noteworthy examples, the majority of social library applications ultimately fail to live up to the transformative potential promised within the literature and that this failure may have more to do with philosophical rather than technical limitations.     

Introduction to the special issue on teaching and learning in information retrieval

We present an overview of the special issue in this paper. The main objective is to provide information for lecturers on how to improve the student experience, using current knowledge in the field. To this end we present an overview of six papers covering areas as diverse as tools and methods used to support teaching and learning, pedagogical challenges in teaching mathematics for search, etc.     

基于Web使用挖掘的实时推荐技术

随着因特网的飞速发展,Web己成为人们获取信息的一个重要途径。然而由于Web信息的日益增长,搜索、浏览过程中总是会出现一些自己毫不关心的话题,为了满足不同背景、不同目的和不同时期的查询请求,提出了个性化实时推荐技术。本文就是利用Web使用挖掘技术来分析用户的浏览模式,根据用户的当前访问需要,自动实时地为用户提供推荐页面,实现个性化服务。     

基于信息增强的多视角矩阵分类器设计

由于受限于人工成本,很多现实世界中的多视角数据集是由少量有标签样本和大量无标检样本组成的。当前传统的多视角矩阵分类器无法有效处理这类数据集。为了处理这个问题,将Universum学习引入多视角矩阵分类器中,提出基于信息增强的多视角矩阵分类器。由于Universum学习可以生成额外的无标签样本,这类样本虽然没有被指定类别标签,但是包含了部分有标签样本的信息,所以Universum学习可以增强有效样本信息。实验表明,相比于传统的多视角矩阵分类器,本文提出的基于信息增强的多视角矩阵分类器具有更好的分类性能。     

Does teaching style explain differences in learner achievement in low and high performing schools in Kenya?

Quality of instructional delivery is an important determinant of the extent to which the teaching process has an impact on learning achievement. The literature identifies many contributors of learning achievement including teacher, curricula, teaching, student, home and school environments. On an ‘education production function’ approach, achievement may be modelled as an outcome determined by school and classroom based inputs. The processes of achievement determination are typically assumed, in the absence of detailed information about actual classroom practices. In Kenya, primary schools continue to report differentials in performance on standardized tests even when policy implementers distribute teachers normally to these schools. Such differences in academic performance have been reported even among schools within the same neighbourhood. Schools from the same neighbourhood draw students with similar backgrounds and expose them to teachers who have gone through the same training. This paper hypothesizes that teaching style plays a key role in explaining the differences in academic performance among students between primary schools. Using data from 72 math lessons that were filmed in 72 primary schools in Kenya, the authors demonstrate the extent to which teaching practice explains differences in performance among students and schools. While controlling for individual and school based factors, the paper uses mixed methods to analyse the linkages between teaching practices and learning achievement. The main research finding and policy implication is that students learning achievement can be improved through quality teaching, even when other conditions such as class size are not conducive.