Preparation of hexagonal ultrathin WO<Subscript>3</Subscript> nano-ribbons and their electrochemical performance as an anode material in lithium ion batteries

Hexagonal ultrathin WO₃ nano-ribbons (HUWNRs) of subnanometer thicknesses, 2–5 nm widths, and lengths of up to several micrometers were prepared by a solvothermal method. The as-prepared HUWNRs grow along the [001] direction, and the main exposed facet is the (120) crystal plane. The HUWNRs exhibit good electrochemical performance as an anode material in lithium ion batteries because of their unique structure. It is believed that these unique materials may be applied in many fields.

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The nucleation and growth of borophene on the Ag (111) surface

B sheets have been intently studied, and various candidates with vacancies have been reported in theoretical investigations, including their possible growth on metal surfaces. However, a recent experiment reported that the borophene formed on a Ag (111) surface consisted of a buckled triangular lattice without vacancies. Our calculations propose a novel nucleation mechanism of B clusters and emphasize the B–Ag interaction in the growth process of borophene, demonstrating the structural evolution of triangular fragments with various profiles and vacancy distributions. Compared with the triangular lattice without vacancies, we have confirmed that the sheet energetically favored during the nucleation and growth is that containing 1/6 vacancies in a stripe pattern, whose scanning tunneling microscopy image is in better agreement with the experimental observation.

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胞内冰形成机理研究进展

在生物样本的低温保存过程中,胞内冰是造成细胞损伤的主要因素之一。影响胞内冰形成的因素包括降温速率、细胞对水分的渗透能力、细胞膜完整性、胞外冰及低温保护剂等。本文详细讨论并分析了目前有关胞内冰形成机制的主要理论:孔理论、SCN理论、VCN理论以及细胞膜受损理论,总结了胞内冰最新的研究进展。提出利用水通道阻断剂或基因敲除的方法来研究水通道蛋白和胞内冰形成的关系,指明胞内冰形成机制及今后的研究方向。     

冰生消过程体系导热系数动态变化特性

本文利用基于瞬变平面热源技术的Hot Disk热常数分析仪研究了冰生消过程中导热系数的变化规律。根据体系状态的变化,冰的生消过程可以分为5个阶段:未结冰过程(纯水)、结冰过程(冰水混合)、纯冰过程、融冰过程(冰水混合)、完全融解(纯水)。实验温度从10.3℃降至-11.0℃,然后再升至10.3℃,5个阶段中测得的导热系数分别为0.592~0.669 W/(m·K)、0.603~2.284 W/(m·K)、2.019~3.106 W/(m·K)、0.611~1.945 W/(m·K)和0.596~0.598 W/(m·K)。结果表明:水结冰融冰过程中,体系导热系数发生动态变化,并且体系导热系数值可能不是纯冰或冰水混合物的导热系数;当温度接近冰点时,水或冰的结构可能改变,导致体系导热系数突变。由于冰和水的密度不同,在结冰融冰过程中体系局部微环境的冰水两相可能存在微弱的自然对流,进而影响体系的导热系数。在实际生产活动中冰的生消过程一般接连发生,考虑体系导热系数动态变化的因素,可以避免热平衡失调影响生物环境或涉冰构筑物结构性能。     

Spin Valve Effect of 2D‐Materials Based Magnetic Junctions

The magnetotransport properties of spin valve structure are highly influenced by the type of intervening layer inserted between the ferromagnetic electrodes. In this scenario, spin filtering effect at the interfaces plays a crucial role in determining the magnetoresistance (MR) of such magnetic structures, which can be enhanced by using a suitable intervening layer. Here, the authors investigate the spin filtering effect of the two‐dimensional layers such as hexagonal boron nitride (hBN), graphene (Gr), and Gr‐hBN hybrid system for modifying the magnetotransport characteristics of the vertical spin valve architectures (Ni/hBN/Ni, Ni/Gr/Ni, and Ni/Gr‐hBN/Ni). Compared to graphene, hBN incorporated magnetic junction reveals higher MR and spin polarizations (P) suggesting better spin filtering at the interfaces. The MR for hBN incorporated junction is calculated to be ≈0.83%, while that of graphene junction it is estimated to be ≈0.16%. Similar contrast is observed in the ‘P’ of ferromagnets (FMs) for the two junctions, that is, ≈6.4% for hBN based magnetic junction and ≈2.8% for graphene device. However, for Gr‐hBN device, the signal not only get inverts, but it also suggests efficient spin filtering mechanism at the FM interfaces. Their results can be useful to comprehend the origin of spin filtering and the choice of non‐magnetic spacer for magnetotransport characteristics.

     

导线覆冰密度的研究

简述了国内外导线覆冰密度的研究概况,据观冰站和气象站的实测覆冰资料,通过导线覆冰密度影响因素的分析,揭示了川西南地区导线覆冰密度的特性和变化规律,提出了重冰线路设计计算冰厚时,覆冰密度值的选取原则。     

六角网格上的图象处理算法

介绍了六角网格,并从图形、图象处理的角度分析了其优点,提出了在六角网格上进行图象处理的数字化过程,以及一个轮廓跟踪算法．     

灰色关联分析在凌汛预报中的应用

解冻期最高水位是凌汛状况的间接体现,综合因素作用的产物。利用灰色关联分析方法在诸多因子中寻求最大因子并进行因子排序分析,结合各因子自身的强弱变化特点,对松花江佳木斯江段凌汛趋势进行预测。