全文获取类型
收费全文 | 8315篇 |
免费 | 935篇 |
国内免费 | 576篇 |
学科分类
工业技术 | 9826篇 |
出版年
2024年 | 33篇 |
2023年 | 190篇 |
2022年 | 202篇 |
2021年 | 337篇 |
2020年 | 314篇 |
2019年 | 293篇 |
2018年 | 246篇 |
2017年 | 352篇 |
2016年 | 340篇 |
2015年 | 329篇 |
2014年 | 460篇 |
2013年 | 542篇 |
2012年 | 568篇 |
2011年 | 730篇 |
2010年 | 487篇 |
2009年 | 455篇 |
2008年 | 431篇 |
2007年 | 463篇 |
2006年 | 466篇 |
2005年 | 363篇 |
2004年 | 344篇 |
2003年 | 334篇 |
2002年 | 257篇 |
2001年 | 228篇 |
2000年 | 167篇 |
1999年 | 157篇 |
1998年 | 107篇 |
1997年 | 104篇 |
1996年 | 96篇 |
1995年 | 70篇 |
1994年 | 70篇 |
1993年 | 58篇 |
1992年 | 58篇 |
1991年 | 27篇 |
1990年 | 37篇 |
1989年 | 30篇 |
1988年 | 22篇 |
1987年 | 12篇 |
1986年 | 9篇 |
1985年 | 11篇 |
1984年 | 8篇 |
1983年 | 4篇 |
1982年 | 6篇 |
1981年 | 5篇 |
1979年 | 2篇 |
1959年 | 2篇 |
排序方式: 共有9826条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
21.
The motional transition and heterogeneity of semi‐interpenetrating networks (SIPNs) based on polyurethane (PU) with carboxylic groups and methacrylic copolymer (PM) with tertiary amine groups were studied by the electron spin resonance (ESR) spin probe method. The concentration of functional groups in both prepolymers varied from 0 to 0.45 mmol g?1. Spin‐probed SIPNs show that the temperature‐dependent spectra are sensitive to polymer interactions imposed by functional groups. These interactions determine the free volume distribution in the matrix and temperature at which motional transition takes place. The fraction of free volume increases with functional group concentration and reaches its maximum at 0.25 mmol g?1. Further increases in the functional group concentration reduce the free volume. The results of the networks with strong interactions are discussed in terms of the interference of the plasticizing effect of the PU component and the formation of possible cluster cross‐links, which restricts segmental motions. Copyright © 2003 Society of Chemical Industry 相似文献
22.
介绍了用单根光纤传输测量信号和功率信号的光功率推动液体压力测量仪及其工作原理。该仪器以电容式压力传感器的δ元件作为压力检测元件,采用低功耗前置器电路和简单直杆结构,实现了便携式测量。测量范围为O~100kPa,精度为O.01kPa。 相似文献
23.
本文研究了金属(Cu)/金属(Ag衬底)系统的荷能束辐照引起的表面偏析现象。观察到Cu在多晶Ag衬底上溅射淀积过程中,Ag原子在Cu膜表面的偏析,且淀积Cu原子能量越大,Ag原子偏析程度越大,即观察到了淀积Cu原子10~(-1)~1eV量级的平均能量差异对膜层表面偏析行为的影响。对溅射淀积所得膜层进行keV量级的离子束辐照,Ag原子的表面偏析程度更甚。 相似文献
24.
磷钨酸乙醇染色法在嗜铬颗粒电镜X射线显微分析中的应用 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
通过比较常规透射电镜制样法、快速冷冻固定-冷冻超薄切片法及磷钨酸乙醇(EPTA)染色法在嗜铬颗粒透射电镜X射线显微分析中的应用,发现磷钨酸乙醇染色法能使嗜铬颗粒电子着色,从而较好地显示嗜铬颗粒的超微结构。同时磷钨酸乙醇染色法也以在一定程度上原位保留生物样品中元素,可以应用于检测样品元素含量的变化或比较样品元素含量的组间差别,提示磷钨酸乙醇染色法是一种可应用于透射电镜X射线显微分析的经济简便的生物样品制备方法。 相似文献
25.
二维谐振子与二维氢原子的能量及波函数 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
借助于SU(1,1)代数,找出了二维谐振子与二维氢原子的能量及波函数间的关系. 相似文献
26.
27.
R. Breil T. Fries J. Garnaes J. Haycocks D. Hüser J. Joergensen W. Kautek L. Koenders N. Kofod K. R. Koops R. Korntner B. Lindner W. Mirand A. Neubauer J. Peltonen G. B. Picotto M. Pisani H. Rothe M. Sahre M. Stedman G. Wilkening 《Precision Engineering》2002,26(3)
Comparison measurements on reference standards are reported in which 13 partners with different instruments took part. A set of prototype standards which had been produced and calibrated within a European project were used for the measurements. Here, results of measurements on a 240 nm step height standard and a two-dimensional lateral standard with a nominal pitch of 1 μm are reported. 相似文献
28.
Vatroslav Bubalo Vjekoslav Jerolimov Ivo Bau
i Mladen Andreis Zorica Veksli 《Polymer International》2005,54(5):848-853
The electron‐spin‐resonance (ESR) spin‐probe method, was used to study the heterogeneity of denture resins based on poly(methyl methacrylate). Results for three resins processed by microwave energy, conventional curing and cold curing (depending on the curing procedure and exposed to ageing in various environmental conditions) were compared. All three cured resins were stored over the same time (1200 h) in distilled water at ambient temperature and in artificial saliva at 348 K. The temperature‐dependent ESR spectra of a spin probe dispersed in the denture resins are analyzed in terms of line‐shapes and line‐widths. The appearance of two spectral components was taken as an indication of resin heterogeneity. The results reveal that the cold‐cured resin has a lower local density in comparison with microwave and conventionally cured resin. The amount of residual monomer also contributes to the local motion of polymer segments. The change of denture resins exposed to ageing is influenced both by the structure of the original resin and the ageing conditions. Restricted motion of a spin probe incorporated into the acrylic resins exposed to accelerated ageing suggests additional crosslinking of polymer chains. The differences are observed for all the investigated resins, but the highest change is observed with the cold‐cured resin. The ESR results are accompanied by Tg and Tm measurements. Copyright © 2005 Society of Chemical Industry 相似文献
29.
Hatto F. Jacobi 《国际钢铁研究》2003,74(11-12):667-678
Improvements of solidification processing in conventional or near net shape casting depend on sophisticated methods of macroscopic examination of central unsoundness and inhomogeneity of the cast material. As long as remarkable deviations referring to the quality features exist between the slab centre and the bulk material such methods should be looked after. Two semi‐macroscopic methods of segregation analysis are discussed in this paper: firstly, the potential of the emission spectral analysis combined with sectioning of a sample and secondly, the computer aided micro‐probe analysis. Both methods are restricted to small local areas. The proneness of elements and steel grades with respect to micro‐ and macrosegregation as well as distribution‐ and segregation coefficients are determined. The effect of a diffusion anneal on homogenisation of segregation is studied. Last not least the precipitation of sulphides, phosphides or carbonitrides is estimated. Ultrasonic detection of the central unsoundness of conventional slabs or thin slabs is a new approach towards a quantitative macroscopic examination. The sample size is 400 mm x 300 mm x 30 mm. To achieve a low ultrasonic noise using a 5 MHz‐transducer the samples are heat treated for grain refinement. “Dog bone porosity”, macroscopic topographical misfit between the upper and lower solidifying shells, periodical corner cracks or systematic transverse centre cracks are detected. Obviously, segregations do not reflect the ultrasonic beam. However, it can be presumed that an interrelation exists between porosity and segregation, although these might be locally apart from each other. This new ultrasonic test of the central unsoundness of continuous cast (c.c.) slabs gives valuable arguments to machine builders and maintenance people to decide on the right concepts for strand guidance, support rollers and secondary cooling. Soft reduction can be optimized and variations in casting speed counteracted by dynamic means. R&D service of this kind can help steelmakers when decisions are impending to build new casting machines or revamp old ones. 相似文献
30.
L. M. CRUZ-ORIVE 《Journal of microscopy》2005,219(1):18-28
A new principle is presented to generate isotropic uniform random (IUR) test lines hitting a geometric structure in three-dimensional space (3D). The principle therefore concerns the estimation of surface area, volume, membrane thickness, etc., of arbitrary structures with piecewise smooth boundary. The principle states that a point-sampled test line on an isotropic plane through a fixed point in 3D is effectively an invariant test line in 3D. Particular attention is devoted to the stereology of particles, where an alternative to the surfactor method is obtained to estimate surface area. An interesting case arises when the particle is convex. The methods are illustrated with synthetic examples. 相似文献