钢丝绳缺陷的微磁无损检测技术研究

为了探讨微磁检测技术在钢丝绳无损探伤领域的应用,采用有限元法,分析了无外加磁场激励状态下利用钢丝绳自身剩余磁场实现断丝缺陷检测的可行性。计算了钢丝绳缺陷处及周围空气中的漏磁场强度、分布规律及可测性;论述了地磁场的影响,为微磁检测技术提供了理论依据。通过对钢丝绳微磁检测方法的实验研究,得出了不同断丝状态下漏磁场的检测结果及变化规律。给出了钢丝绳金属截面损失与检测系统输出量的函数关系,验证了微磁无损探伤技术的可行性与可靠性。     

混凝土钢纤维的掺量对声速和强度的影响

通过对钢纤维混凝土各种配合比的试验,采用无损测量声速、常规测量测出混凝土的抗压强度,判别出混凝土超声速仪声速及强度的关系,结果基本相似,其趋势是一致的。从而对探测C40混凝土的建筑物在建造过程中或运行过程中出现的各种内部隐患、裂缝及其他破坏情况,提供了较有价值的参考数据。同时,并确定出钢纤维体积掺量的合理值,即：C40混凝土钢纤维的掺量应控制在1.0%～1.4%。     

铁磁构件内外表面裂纹低频漏磁检测技术研究

针对承压设备中铁磁性构件内外壁损伤检测问题,发展了一种低频漏磁检测技术。对低频漏磁信号进行分析处理,提取出的低频漏磁信号的幅值和相位信息,用于铁磁构件内外表面损伤检测与定量评价。通过数值仿真和检测实验,研究了裂纹深度和位置(上表面或下表面)的裂纹对漏磁场特征参数空间分布的影响。结果表明,漏磁信号的幅值特征参数和相位特征参数均可用于铁磁性构件上下表面一定深度范围内裂纹检测及定量表征,但两个参数对不同位置及深度范围内裂纹检测的敏感性不同。当裂纹位于试件上表面时,幅值特征参数对裂纹深度变化更敏感;而当裂纹位于试件下表面时,相位特征参数对裂纹深度变化的敏感性更高。本文研究工作为承压设备中铁磁性构件内外壁损伤检测做了有益探索。     

热障涂层无损检测技术研究进展

为提高发动机的涡轮前温度和热端部件服役寿命,热障涂层（TBCs）被广泛应用于燃气涡轮发动机。热障涂层具有多相、多界面和非均质特性,且其服役工况恶劣复杂。寻找一种可以表征涂层显微组织、缺陷、热物性、应力等反映涂层质量和剩余寿命的无损检测方法,对发动机的热端部件安全性和可靠性至关重要。文中综述了超声检测技术（UT）、声发射技术（AE）、红外热成像技术（IRT）、阻抗谱技术（IS）和光激发荧光压电光谱技术（PLPS）的原理以及其在热障涂层无损检测中的研究应用,并详细介绍了太赫兹时域光谱（THz-TDS）技术及其在热障涂层中的应用。最后总结了上述无损检测方法的检测能力,并对热障涂层无损检测方法进行展望。     

监理过程中对DL/T850电站配管标准的一点浅见

通过对DL/T850电站配管标准的理解,结合四大管道监理实践过程中发现的问题,提出了部分标准本身存在的问题及建议,希望对制造厂进行电站配管提供帮助,也为电站配管等管道配管标准的修订提供一定的参考意见。     

超声无损检测的应用与探讨

超声无损检测是物体无损检测的一种重要方法，几乎应用到所有工业部门。本文回顾了超声无损检测技术的发展历史，阐述了超声无损检测技术应用现状，并展望超声无损检测技术未来发展趋势。     

疲劳裂纹的振动红外热成像检测

本文以飞机疲劳裂纹自然损伤件为对象,利用简易装置基于振动红外热成像检测法对微裂纹的检测进行了初步实验,结果证明了该技术用于金属构件裂纹检测的可行性.最后结合航空维修应用需求,提出了应注意的问题.     

ROC dependent event isolation method for image processing based assessment of corroded harbour structures

The localisation and calibration of damage in a structure are often difficult, time consuming, subjective and error prone. The importance of a simple, fast and relatively inexpensive non-destructive technique (NDT) with reliable measurements is thus greatly felt. The usefulness and the efficiency of any such technique are often affected by environmental conditions. The definition of damage and the subsequent interpretation of the possible consequences due to the damage introduce subjectivity into an NDT technique and affect its performance. It is of great importance in terms of practical application to find out the efficiency of an NDT technique in a probabilistic way for various damage definitions and environmental conditions through the use of receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves. Such variations of performance of an NDT tool can be predicted through simulation processes, and the test conditions conducive to good detections can be isolated and ranked according to their relative efficiency. This paper considers a camera based image analysis technique to identify, quantify and classify damage in structures at various levels of scale. The general method has been applied to identify the affected areas on aluminium due to pitting corrosion. The method depends on the optical contrast of the corroded region with respect to its surroundings, performs intelligent edge detection through image processing techniques and computes each affected and closed region to predict the total area of the affected part, together with its spatial distribution on a two-dimensional plane. The effects of various environmental factors on the quality of such images are simulated from an original photograph. The objectivity and the amount of available information, quantification and localisation and the extent of pitting corrosion are observed, together with the various constructed ROC curves. The method provides the engineer, the owner of the structure and the end-user of the NDT technique with a tool to assess the performance of the structure in an as-built condition and decide on the appropriateness of a certain NDT, under a given environmental condition and a certain definition of damage. Moreover, it allows the findings of the NDT results to be introduced in the decision chain and risk analysis.     

Microprocessor application to concrete crack depth measurement

This work investigates the possibility of utilizing the µp-8085 and its application to concrete crack depth evaluation. For the purpose of the nondestructive testing, ultrasonic pulses are of importance in assessing the quality of concrete as well as flaw detection and measurement. This will be useful in repairing concrete columns.     

Quality approach for multi-parametric data fusion

Data fusion has gained widespread use in different areas of measurement in the last years, mainly where the sought output of an analysis cannot be measured directly—medical imaging, non-destructive testing, remote sensing, etc. The process of data fusion as such is not characterized today by any quality characteristics, which makes it impossible to estimate the effectiveness and reliability of the fused data. The authors propose a new approach to the process, free of this drawback. The introduced term of relevant information, with allowance for the first- and second-kind errors and their corresponding penalties, allows application of the Taguchi methodology via the loss function. The presented information scale, with the data-fusion types classified according to the information volume, ensures effectiveness of the planned process. The proposed approach is illustrated in examples of application.