反应器和钢烟囱整体吊装的难点和对策

介绍了在金陵石化炼油厂200万t/a柴油加氢装置建设中,将质量为237t的反应器和高60m的钢烟囱成功进行整体吊装过程中的关键技术.通过此项工程实践得出以下结论象钢烟囱这样细长重物的整体吊装,由两台吊车抬立起后,再由主吊车独立吊装就位的施工方法简单易行,安全可靠,应用范围广;结构复杂细长杆的吊装强度和挠度计算比较复杂,在计算过程中可以忽略部分次要件的质量,分别以两吊点为支点计算上下吊点所受的力,然后再按比例放余量,使两吊点受力之和等于细长杆的重力,计算挠度时,可以适当地把问题夸大化,从而建立近似的力学模型;高压厚壁重型容器的吊装,宜直接设置专门吊盖与大法兰用螺栓把紧起吊;施工现场地基坚实是保证吊车站位和吊装施工的前提条件.     

Micromechanical approach to damage mechanics of composite materials with fabric tensors

The purpose of this study is to apply continuum damage mechanics – introduced through the concept of fabric tensors – to composite materials within the framework of the theory of elasticity. A directional data model of damage mechanics for composite materials will be developed using fabric tensors. The introduction of fabric tensors into the analysis of damage of composite materials will allow for an enhanced and better understood physical meaning of damage. The micromechanical approach will be used here to relate the damage effect through fabric tensors to the behavior of composite materials. In this approach, damage mechanics is introduced separately to the constituents of the composite material through different constituents’ damage effect tensors. The damaged properties of the composite system as a whole can then be obtained by proper homogenization of the damaged properties of the constituents.

The derivation of a generalized formulation of damage evolution will be shown here in a mathematically consistent manner that is based on sound thermodynamic principles. Numerical examples will be presented to show applicability. In addition, damage evolution for the one-dimensional tension case is also illustrated.     

稀土改善09CuPTiRE耐候钢耐蚀性的作用机理

应用扫描电镜(SEM)、离子探针(IMA)、X射线光电子能谱(XPS)和交流阻抗法研究含不同稀土耐候钢稀土提高耐大气腐蚀作用机理。结果表明,合适的稀土含量可显著提高钢的耐腐蚀性,稀土能促进Si、Cu和P在内锈层中以Si~(4+)、Cu~+和P~(5+)形态富集,并观察到锈层中的稀土。钢中加入稀土形成了致密连续厚而粘附性好的含硅铜稀土的复合铁锈层,从而提高了抗大气腐蚀性能。     

Numerical analysis of two-dimensional steady-state and transient heat transfer in a parallel duct filled with pressurized He II

Analysis on steady-state and transient heat transfer on a flat plate at the middle of a parallel duct immersed in He II was performed for bath temperatures from 1.8 to 2.1 K at 101.3 kPa. Two-dimensional computer code named SUPER-2D developed by the authors based on the two-fluid model and the theory of mutual friction was used. Steady-state critical heat flux (CHF) and the time lag from the application of a step heat input to λ transition, that is called a lifetime, were obtained numerically for various step heat fluxes and for the channel gaps from 2 to 20 mm. Effect of the gap restriction on the CHF and the lifetime were clarified. The solutions were compared with the experimental data for the ducts with the same structures and the corresponding conditions. They agreed well with the experimental data. The heat transport mechanism in the parallel duct was clarified.     

SLIMLINE+K型多功能撬装双滚筒试井绞车简介

SLIMLINE K型多功能撬装双滚筒试井绞车为整体式结构，多用于海上平台，可进行电子压力计和机械压力计试井，以及井下工具的投放、震击、打捞等完井作业。该试井绞车采用先进的数控技术，使起下纲丝／电缆实现自动化控制，该系统能够对斜井、定向井进行随钻测试。     

珠钢不锈钢冶炼技术探讨

本文阐述了不锈钢冶炼的关键技术，为生产准备提供帮助。     

乳化型轧制液的质量标准研究

对国内目前所使用的冷轧薄钢板(汽车钢板)轧制液母液和乳化液的质量指标及常用试验评定方法进行了考察，并对产品的性能要求进行了研究与分析，制订出一套标准以供参考，包括乳化液稳定性、润滑性、防锈性、抗泡性、使用周期及粘度、闪点等性能。     

IF板与08Al板的成形性能研究

通过模拟成形性试验，对新型超深冲用IF钢板和传统冲压用08Al钢板的冲压成形性能进行了研究．结果表明：IF板的拉深性能、扩孔性能、胀形性能以及“拉深-胀形”复合性能等均优于08Al板，其中，扩孔性能和平面各向异性的改善最为显著；各项试验中，IF板的成形力普遍小于08Al板。     

美国钢铁企业的并购浪潮及特点分析

介绍了最近美国大型钢铁企业发生的主要并购活动。并对这些并购活动的特点进行了分析。     

Fatigue Behavior and Retrofit Investigation of Distortion-Induced Web Gap Cracking

This paper studies a Kansas Department of Transportation welded plate girder bridge that developed fatigue cracks at small web gaps close to the girder top flange. Repair had been previously performed by softening the connection plate end with a slot retrofit, but cracks were recently found to have reinitiated at some of the repaired details and are again propagating. A comprehensive finite-element method study was performed to investigate the cracking behavior observed in the bridge and to recommend appropriate measures for future bridge retrofit. The analytical results show that stresses developed at the top flange web gaps could exceed yielding under the loading of an HS15 fatigue truck. The current slot repair used in the bridge was found to have introduced higher magnitude fatigue stresses in the web gap. To achieve a permanent repair of the bridge, it is recommended that a welded connection plate to flange attachment be used during future bridge retrofit. The web gap details should be able to withstand unlimited number of load cycles once this additional repair is performed.