GPR34-mediated sensing of lysophosphatidylserine released by apoptotic neutrophils activates type 3 innate lymphoid cells to mediate tissue repair

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胃粘膜相关淋巴组织型淋巴瘤形态学研究

目的：研究胃粘膜相关淋巴细胞（ＭＡＬＴ）型淋巴瘤及共与胃粘膜套细胞淋巴瘤和滤泡性淋巴瘤的鉴别诊断。方法：应用ＨＥ染色和免疫组化ＡＢＣ法检测胃ＭＡＬＴ型淋巴瘤，内镜作幽门螺杆菌培养基尿素试验检测ＨＰ感染。结果：３１例胃ＭＡＬＴ型淋巴瘤中低度恶性２７例，高度恶性４例。细胞类型以ＣＣＬ型最常见。免疫表型以ＩｇＭ为主，缺乏ＩｇＤ，３１例中２８例有ＨＰ感染（占９０．５２％），结论：（１）低恶ＭＡＬＴ型淋巴瘤     

IL-4–BATF signaling directly modulates IL-9 producing mucosal mast cell (MMC9) function in experimental food allergy

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Malignant lymphoma of bronchus-associated lymphoid tissue (BALT) coexistent with pulmonary tuberculosis

A case in which malignant lymphoma occurred in association with a tuberculosis focus in a 70-year-old man is reported. Surrounding the epithelioid cell granulomas with caseous necrosis was a dense and diffuse monotonous infiltration of atypical lymphoid cells. Acid-fast bacilli were found in the granulomas and pulmonary tuberculosis was diagnosed. The infiltrating atypical lymphoid cells occasionally invaded the respiratory epithelium producing lymphoepithelial lesions. Immunohistochemically, the lymphoid cells were positive for CD20, and clonal rearrangement of the immunoglobulin heavy chain gene was demonstrated by polymerase chain reaction (PCR). We diagnosed the lesion as a pulmonary malignant lymphoma of bronchus-associated lymphoid tissue (BALT) occurring in the background of tuberculosis. This is the first reported case of pulmonary BALT lymphoma coexistent with pulmonary tuberculosis.     

Macromolecular DNA-damage in murine and human leukemic and lymphoid cells after in vitro exposure to ASTA Z 7557 (INN mafosfamide)

Summary Cyclophosphamide (CPA) is widely used against leukemic and lymphoproliferative diseases, but in vitro studies on response to this agent so far have been limited to instable derivatives with poor galenic properties. ASTA Z 7557 is a newly synthesized activated cyclophosphamide that circumvents the need for hepatic activation and has good stability. The critical cytotoxic lesions after exposure to bifunctional alkylating agents presumably are DNA interstrand crosslinks (ISC). We have, therefore, examined the formation and apparent removal of ISC after in vitro treatment with ASTA Z 7557 by use of the highly sensitive alkaline elution technique. Survival of murine L1210 cells was determined after 1 hour in vitro exposure with a D 37 value of 5.7 g/ml (from the initial shoulder part of the survival curve) and a Do value of 1.5 g/ml (from the exponential part of the curve). Previous labelling of L1210 cells by ¹²⁵IUdR simplified the alkaline elution procedure but there was some cytotoxicity of the radiochemical itself with a reduction of cloning efficiency from 77% to 61 %. The maximum of ISC was observed at 6 h after initiation of treatment with much of the damage apparently removed at 24 h. The simultaneous presence of DNA single strand breaks (SSB), however, confounds the analysis of DNA damage at 24 h and early cytolysis and unaided death of human lymphocytes often preclude the analysis of macromolecular damage at this time. Human peripheral blood cells isolated from patients with leukemic or lymphoproliferative diseases showed a remarkable heterogeneity with regard to the formation of ISC at 3 h. Thus, analysis of macromolecular damage may become an additional prognostic factor for response to CPA beyond the morphologic classification of these diseases.     

Extraskeletal myxoid chondrosarcoma characterized by microtubular aggregates in the rough endoplasmic reticulum and tubulin immunoreactivity

A case is reported of a 66-year-old female with an extraskeletal myxoid chondrosarcoma which had originated in the lateral region of the right knee. The tumour tissue of the primary, recurrent, and metastatic deposits in the lungs was examined by electron microscopy and immunohistochemistry. Almost all the sarcoma cells in every tumour specimen harboured immunoreactivity to both alpha- and beta-subunits of S-100 protein. A large population of cells in the subcutaneous tumour at autopsy had numerous parallel arrays of microtubules within the rough endoplasmic reticulum in addition to the well-described ultrastructural features indicative of chondroblastic origin. These structures were present in round to polygonal, but not in fibroblastic, tumour cells. Tubulin immunoreactivity in the tumour cells showed the same tendency, being frequently positive in the large cells of the subcutaneous tumour but weakly positive in the fibroblastic and medium-sized cells of the recurrent and metastatic tumours. The parallel arrays of intracisternal microtubules therefore may be composed of tubulin protein, as in ordinary cytoplasmic microtubules.     

Characterization of lymphoid cell populations in bovine lymphosarcomas (“leukosis”) by flow-cytofluorometry

Acridine orange stained cell suspensions from ten cases of bovine lymphosarcoma were analyzed by flow-cytofluorometry. The green DNA-AO fluorescence showed in all cases, but one, two distinct separate lymphoid cell subpopulations. One corresponded to (normal) diploid lymphoid cells, the other had variable aneuploid values. The histograms of the latter cell populations also indicated cells in S- and G₂-phase. Low-angle light scatter histograms did not show a distinct separation between the different cell types, although two maxima could be distinguished. The relative proportions between the two cell populations varied between 20 and 80% with domination of one or the other cell type.There was some conformity to the histological and cytological picture in the ordinary light microscope, although neither a clear distinction in separable cell types nor differential counts was possible.The diploid lymphocyte subpopulation in the tumor might represent an immunoreactive process against the BLV-induced lymphosarcoma.