Modification mechanism of cerium on the Al-18Si alloy

The effect of the rare earth cerium （Ce） on the hypereutectic Al-Si alloy under different casting states have been studied by optical microscope and quantitative image analysis. It is found that the size and the quantity of primary silicon in castings decrease with the increase of added Ce in the melt. Meanwhile primary silicon changes from branched shape to fine facetted shape. Although the modification on eutectic silicon in castings also improves with the increase of added Ce in the melt, the effect of modification on eutectic silicon away from primary silicon is more obvious than that on eutectic silicon close to primary silicon. The modification mechanism was analyzed in detail by means of scanning electron microscope equipped with energy dispersive analysis of X-ray and thermodynamics analysis, which included the analysis on the change in standard Gibbs energy of reaction and reaction equilibrium.     

TaC涂层的氧化特征与氧化机制

用在空气中氧化、氧炔焰超高温烧蚀等方法对TaC涂层在不同温度的氧化特征与氧化机制进行研究。研究结果表明：TaC在508℃以上开始氧化,在508～690℃时氧化产物为六角Ta2O3固溶体,690～900℃时氧化产物转化为斜方Ta2O5晶体,900～1500℃时氧化产物为斜方Ta2O5,其形态为龟裂或多孔烧结态,未能形成对TaC的隔离保护膜;1500℃氧化时出现部分Ta2O5液相与Ta2O5斜方相共存的现象;在氧炔焰超高温2300℃烧蚀时形成大量的Ta2O5熔体液膜,熔体与TaC的润湿性很好。TaC涂层由低温无熔体情况下界面反应控制机制变为氧通过熔体溶解与扩散的控制机制。     

High-temperature oxidation of titanium carbide in oxygen

The kinetics of titanium carbide oxidation in oxygen over the temperature range of 600–1200°C and oxygen pressure from 0.1 to 740 Torr have been studied with a vacuum microbalance. Layer-by-layer x-ray analysis, petrography, metallography, and gas chromatography have been used to analyze the oxidation products. A paralinear nature of the oxidation of material was established, and the rate constants of the process were calculated for the corresponding parabolic and linear portions of the kinetic curves. It was shown that a gaseous product, CO₂, formed, as well as a solid product, TiO₂ (rutile), both stoichiometric and nonstoichiometric. The lower oxides, Ti₃O₅, Ti₂O₃, TiO, were noted in the scale at temperatures from 700 to 800° and low oxygen pressures, their relative quantity rising with decreasing pressure. Based on x-ray analysis and microhardness measurements, it was concluded that titanium oxicarbides formed in the TiC, directly adjacent to the scale. A possible oxidation mechanism of titanium carbide is proposed.     

Hi-Nicalon SiC纤维高温热处理后的断裂机理研究

测定了Hi-Nicalon SiC纤维在惰性气氛下高温热处理后的断裂强度,并对其强度进行了Weibull分布统计分析,通过SEM研究了温度变化对Hi-Nicalon SiC纤维表面形貌和力学性能的影响,着重分析了Hi-Nicalon SiC纤维的裂纹扩展机制及断裂机理.研究表明,在惰性气氛保护下其强度随退火温度的升高而下降,且经过1800℃长时间(10 h)退火后的Hi-Nicalon SiC纤维基体转为晶态,断裂模式也就从非晶态的脆性断裂转变为晶态材料的解理断裂.经统计分析,纤维表面部分活性氧化造成的结构缺陷可忽略,断裂源主要集中在纤维内部,惰性气氛下纤维强度下降主要是由解理断裂作用的结果.     

复合电工合金触片冲压加工工艺设计

介绍了电工合金材料———触片加工工艺 ,经对原触片冲压加工排样及模具导料机构改进后 ,将手工送料改为气动动力送料 ,提高了产品质量、材料利用率和经济效益     

304不锈钢在高温水中的应力腐蚀破裂SCIEI

采用U型弯曲法应力腐蚀破裂试验、电化学测量以及Auger电子能谱(AES)分析方法研究了温度、氯离子浓度和溶解氧含量在高温水中对304不锈钢的应力腐蚀破坏(SC)敏感性的影响及其与表面膜之间的关系。在空气饱和的高温水中(溶解氧为8ppm),随着温度的升高(200—300℃)或氯离子浓度的降低(500—20ppm)304钢SCC敏感性降低。文中还讨论了氧化膜在SCC萌生和扩展中的作用。     

Fretting wear behavior of AZ91D magnesium alloy

The fretting behaviour of the AZ91D magnesium alloy was investigated. The influence of the number of cycles, normal load （contact pressure） and the amplitude of slip on the fretting behavior of the material were focused. Fretting tests were performed under various running conditions with regard to normal load levels and slip amplitudes. The friction coefficient between the surfaces at the fretting junction was continuously recorded. The freeing damage on the magnesium specimens was studied by SEM. The resultS show that the wear volume increases with the increase of slip amplitude, and linearly increases with the increase of normal load in the mixed and gross slip regime, but the normal load has no obvious effect on the wear volume in the partial slip regime. The predominant fretting wear mechanism of magnesium alloy in the slip regime is the oxidation wear, delaminated wear and abrasive wear.     

十二胺在碳钢表面的吸附行为

利用原子力显微镜（AFM）、动电位扫描及润湿角测量等手段研究了盐酸溶液中十二胺在碳钢表面的吸附行为及其对碳钢腐蚀行为的影响。结果表明：十二胺在碳钢表面形成了单分子吸附层。其对碳钢的缓蚀机理主要为“几何覆盖效应”，一个十二胺分子平均可以取代2．32个水分子；碳钢表面的润湿性随缓蚀剂浓度的增大而减弱。AFM电流图像显示，碳钢表面有十二胺吸附的部位导电性能明显减弱；AFM力—距离曲线表明，碳钢表面有缓蚀剂吸附的部位呈现出明显的黏附力。     

Cu~(2+)对Fe~(2+)在T.f菌修饰粉末微电极上氧化行为的影响

Fe2 + 的氧化在细菌浸矿过程中具有重要作用 ,细菌浸铜过程中 ,Cu2 + 的存在对T .f菌的生长代谢和其氧化Fe2 + 的能力有一定影响。制备了T .f菌修饰碳粉粉末微电极 ,研究了Cu2 + 存在下Fe2 + 在T .f菌修饰粉末微电极上氧化的电化学反应机理 ,并测定了相应的电极过程动力学参数。循环伏安研究表明 ,Cu2 + 的存在不影响Fe2 + 在T .f菌修饰粉末微电极上的氧化反应的可逆性。对电极稳态及暂态过程研究表明 ,当Cu2 + 浓度在 12mmol/L以下时 ,Cu2 + 的存在不会抑制Fe2 + 在T .f菌修饰粉末微电极上的氧化 ,适量Cu2 + 加强T .f菌氧化Fe2 +的作用是在于其加快了电荷传递速率